Physics

Physics
Subject : Physics
Nature of the Physical World and Measurement
1. Scope of Physics - Answer (click here)
2. Physics, Technology and Society - Answer (click here)
3. Forces of nature - Answer (click here)
4. Measurement - Answer (click here)
5. Derived quantities and their units - Answer (click here)
6. SI standards - Answer (click here)
7. Rules and conventions for writing SI units and their symbols - Answer
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8. Expressing larger and smaller physical quantities - Answer (click here)
9. Determination of distance, mass, time - Answer (click here)
10. Accuracy and precision of measuring instruments - Answer (click here)
11. Measurement: Significant figures - Answer (click here)
12. Measurement: Rounding off - Answer (click here)
13. Classification of Errors in Measurement - Answer (click here)
14. Dimensional Analysis - Answer (click here)
15. Uses and Limitations of Dimensional Analysis - Answer (click here)
Kinematics
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16. Kinematics - Rest and Motion - Answer (click here)
17. Motion in one dimension (rectilinear motion) - Answer (click here)
18. Equations of motion - Answer (click here)
19. Graphical representations - displacement, velocity,acceleration with time
graph - Answer (click here)
20. Representation of a vector quantities - Answer (click here)
21. Different types of vectors - Answer (click here)
22. Addition of vectors: Triangle and Parallelogram law of vectors - Answer
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23. Subtraction of vectors - Answer (click here)
24. Resolution of vectors and rectangular components - Answer (click here)
25. Multiplication of two vectors - Answer (click here)
26. Projectile motion - Answer (click here)
27. Motion of a projectile thrown horizontally - Answer (click here)
28. Motion of a projectile projected at an angle with the horizontal (oblique
projection) - Answer (click here)
29. Newton's first law of motion - Answer (click here)
30. Three types of the inertia - Answer (click here)
31. Examples for Newton's first law of motion - Answer (click here)
32. Newton's second law of motion - Answer (click here)
33. Impulsive force and Impulse of a force - Answer (click here)
34. Newton's third Law of motion - Answer (click here)
35. Applications of Newton s third law of motion - Answer (click here)
36. Proof and Applications of Law of conservation of momentum - Answer
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37. Concurrent forces and Coplanar forces - Answer (click here)
38. Parallelogram and Triangle law of forces - Answer (click here)
39. Experimental verification of triangle law, parallelogram law and Lami's
theorem - Answer (click here)
40. Uniform circular motion - Answer (click here)
41. Relation between linear velocity and angular velocity - Answer (click here)
42. Centripetal acceleration, Centripetal force and Centripetal reaction -
Answer (click here)
43. Applications of centripetal forces - Answer (click here)
44. Banking of curved roads and tracks and Condition for skidding - Answer
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45. Motion in a vertical circle - Answer (click here)
46. Motion on a level circular road - Answer (click here)
47. Work : Work done by a constant force and variable force - Answer (click
here)
48. Potential energy and Kinetic energy - Answer (click here)
49. Principle of work and energy (work - energy theorem) Statement -
Answer (click here)
50. Conservative forces and non-conservative forces - Answer (click here)
51. Collision: Types - Elastic collision and Inelastic collision - Answer (click
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Dynamics of Rotational Motion

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52. Centre of mass - Answer (click here)
53. Centre of gravity - Answer (click here)
54. Equilibrium of bodies and types of equilibrium - Answer (click here)
55. Rotational motion of rigid bodies - Answer (click here)
56. Rotational kinetic energy and moment of inertia of a rigid body - Answer
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57. Theorems of moment of inertia : Perpendicular and Parallel axes
58. Moment of a force - Answer (click here)
59. Couple and moment of the couple (Torque) - Answer (click here)
60. Angular momentum of a rigid body - Answer (click here)
61. Relation between torque and angular acceleration - Answer (click here)
62. Conservation of angular momentum with Illustration - Answer (click here)
Gravitation and Space Science

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63. Newton's law of gravitation - Answer (click here)
64. Acceleration due to gravity - Answer (click here)
65. Acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the Earth - Answer (click here)
66. Variation of acceleration due to gravity - Answer (click here)
67. Gravitational field: potential difference and potential energy - Answer
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68. Inertial mass and Gravitational mass - Answer (click here)
69. Escape speed derivation and with the atmosphere of a planet - Answer
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70. Satellites: Orbital velocity, Time period and Energy - Answer (click here)
71. Geo-stationary satellites and Polar satellites - Answer (click here)
72. Uses of satellites - Answer (click here)
73. Indian space programme: List of Indian satellites and Indian Launch
Vehicles (Rockets) - Answer (click here)
74. Weightlessness, Rockets - principle and Types of fuels - Answer (click here)
75. The Solar system - Answer (click here)
76. Kepler's laws of planetary motion: The law of orbits, areas, periods -
Answer (click here)
77. Size, Surface temperatures, Mass, Atmosphere of the planets - Answer
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78. Conditions for life on any planet - Answer (click here)
79. Asteroids, Comets, Meteors and Meteorites inthe Solar system - Answer
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80. Stars, Constellations, Galaxy in the Solar system - Answer (click here)
81. Milky Way galaxy - Answer (click here)
82. Origin of the Universe - Answer (click here)
Mechanics of Solids and Fluids

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83. Mechanics of Solids and Fluids - Answer (click here)
84. Intermolecular or interatomic forces - Answer (click here)
85. Elasticity: Stress, strain Elastic limit, Hooke's law - Answer (click here)
86. Experimental verification of Hooke's law - Answer (click here)
87. Study of stress - strain relationship - Answer (click here)
88. Three moduli of elasticity - Answer (click here)
89. Relation between the three moduli of elasticity - Answer (click here)
90. Determination of Young's modulusby Searle's method - Answer (click here)
91. Applications of modulus of elasticity - Answer (click here)
92. Pressure due to a liquid column - Answer (click here)
93. Pascal's law and effect of gravity - Answer (click here)
94. Applications of Pascal's law: Hydraulic lift and brake - Answer (click here)
95. Co-efficient of viscosity - Answer (click here)
96. Viscosity: Streamline flow and Turbulent flow - Answer (click here)
97. Stoke's law (for highly viscous liquids) - Answer (click here)
98. Determination of coefficient of viscosity of water by Poiseuille's flow
method - Answer (click here)
99. Surface tension: Intermolecular, Cohesive, Adhesive force - Answer (click
here)
100. Experiments to demonstrate surface tension - Answer (click here)
101. Molecular theory of surface tension - Answer (click here)
102. Fluid Surface energy and surface tension - Answer (click here)
103. Pressure difference and pressure inside a liquid drop and a soap bubble -
Answer (click here)
104. Capillarity and Illustrations of capillarity - Answer (click here)
105. Experimental determination of surface tension of water by capillary rise
106. Factors affecting and Applications surface tension - Answer (click here)
107. Total energy of a liquid: Pressure, Kineti, Potential energy - Answer (click
here)
108. Fluid Equation of continuity - Answer (click here)
109. Bernoulli's theorem - Answer (click here)
110. Application of Bernoulli's theorem - Answer (click here)
Oscillations
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111. The projection of uniform circular motion on a diameter is SHM - Answer
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112. Important terms in simple harmonic motion - Answer (click here)
113. Dynamics of harmonic oscillations - Answer (click here)
114. Angular harmonic oscillator - Answer (click here)
115. Horizontal and Vertical oscillations of spring - Answer (click here)
116. Oscillation of liquid column in a U - tube - Answer (click here)
117. Oscillations of a simple pendulum - Answer (click here)
118. Laws of pendulum - Answer (click here)
119. Kinetic and Potential in simple harmonic motion - Answer (click here)
120. Types of oscillations - Answer (click here)
Wave Motion
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121. Characteristics of wave motion - Answer (click here)
122. Mechanical wave motion - Transverse and Longitudinal wave motion -
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123. Relationship between velocity, frequency and wavelength of a wave -
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124. Velocity of wave in different media - Answer (click here)
125. Laplace?s correction - Answer (click here)
126. Factors affecting velocity of sound in gases - Answer (click here)
127. Equation of a plane progressive wave - Answer (click here)
128. Characteristics of progressive wave - Answer (click here)
129. Progressive wave : Intensity and sound level - Answer (click here)
130. Applications of reflection of sound waves - Answer (click here)
131. Applications of refraction of sound - Answer (click here)
132. Superposition principle of waves - Answer (click here)
133. Interference of waves - Answer (click here)
134. Experimental demonstration of interference of sound - Answer (click here)
135. Beats - Analytical method and Uses of beats - Answer (click here)
136. Analytical method and Characteristics of stationary waves - Answer (click
here)
137. Standing waves in strings - Sonometer - Answer (click here)
138. Vibrations of air column in Organ pipes - Answer (click here)
139. Resonance air column apparatus - Answer (click here)
140. Doppler effect : Different cases and Applications - Answer (click here)
Heat and Thermodynamics

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141. Heat and Thermodynamics - Introduction - Answer (click here)
142. Postulates of Kinetic theory of gases - Answer (click here)
143. Pressure exerted by a gas - Answer (click here)
144. Degrees of freedom of molecule - Answer (click here)
145. Law of equipartition of energy - Answer (click here)
146. Thermal equilibrium - Answer (click here)
147. Molar specific heat capacity of a gas - Answer (click here)
148. First law of thermodynamics - Answer (click here)
149. Relation between Cp and Cv (Meyer's relation) - Answer (click here)
150. Indicator diagram (P-V diagram) - Answer (click here)
151. Isothermal process and Workdone in an isothermal expansion - Answer
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152. Adiabatic process and Work done in an adiabatic expansion - Answer
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153. Thermodynamic : Reversible and irreversible processes - Answer (click
here)
154. Second law of thermodynamics- Kelvin's, Clausius, Kelvin - Planck's
statement - Answer (click here)
155. Carnot engine - Essential parts, Working, four stages of operations -
Answer (click here)
156. Refrigerator : Coefficient of performance and Inferences - Answer (click
here)
157. Transfer of heat - Conduction, Convection, Radiation - Answer (click here)
158. Perfect black body - Answer (click here)
159. Experimental verification of Newton's law of cooling - Answer (click here)
160. Surface temperature of the Sun - Answer (click here)
161. Angstrom pyrheliometer - Answer (click here)
Ray Optics
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162. Reflection of light - Answer (click here)
163. Image in a plane mirror - Answer (click here)
164. Reflection at curved surfaces - Answer (click here)
165. Total internal reflection - Answer (click here)
166. Applications of Total internal reflection - Answer (click here)
167. Michelson's method - Answer (click here)
168. Importance of velocity of light - Answer (click here)
169. Refraction of light - Answer (click here)
170. Refraction at a spherical surface - Answer (click here)
171. Lens maker's formula and lens formula and Magnification - Answer (click
here)
172. Combination of thin lenses in contact - Answer (click here)
173. Refraction of light through a prism - Answer (click here)
174. Dispersion of light and Dispersive power - Answer (click here)
175. Spectrometer - Answer (click here)
176. Basic Parts and Adjustments of the spectrometer - Answer (click here)
177. Determination of the refractive index of the material of the prism -
Answer (click here)
178. Formation of rainbows - Answer (click here)
Magnetism
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179. Earth?s magnetic field and magnetic elements - Answer (click here)
180. Basic properties of magnets - Answer (click here)
181. Force between two magnetic poles - Answer (click here)
182. Magnetic induction at a point along the axial line due to a magnetic
dipole (Bar magnet) - Answer (click here)
183. Magnetic induction at a point along the equatorial line of a bar magnet -
Answer (click here)
184. Mapping of magnetic field due to a bar magnet - Answer (click here)
185. Torque on a bar magnet placed in a uniform magnetic field - Answer (click
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186. Tangent law - Answer (click here)
187. End-on (or) Tan A position- Deflection magnetometer - Answer (click here)
188. Broad?side on (or) Tan B position - Deflection magnetometer - Answer
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189. Magnetic properties of materials - Answer (click here)
190. Properties of diamagnetic, paramagnetic, ferromagnetic substances -
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191. Hysteresis and Hysteresis loss - Answer (click here)
192. Uses of ferromagnetic materials - Answer (click here)
Electrostatics
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193. Electrostatics - frictional electricity - Answer (click here)
194. Basic properties of electric charge - Answer (click here)
195. Definition of Coulomb's law , Principle of Superposition, Electric Field,
Electric Field Intensity (E) - Answer (click here)
196. Electric Field: Definition of Electric lines of force and Properties of lines
of forces - Answer (click here)
197. Electric potential: Definition of Electric potential and Relation between
electric field and potential - Answer (click here)
198. Gauss's law and its applications - Answer (click here)
199. Electrostatic induction - Answer (click here)
200. Principle of a capacitor and Energy stored in a capacitor - Answer (click
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201. Lightning conductor -Van de Graaff Generator- working principle and
construction - Answer (click here)
Current Electricity
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202. Definition of Electric current and discription of Current Electricity -
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203. Combination of resistors: Resistors in series and parallel - Answer (click
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204. Kirchoff's law and Potentiometer - Answer (click here)
205. Superconductivity Defination and Applications of superconductors -
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206. Carbon resistors and Colour code for carbon resistors - Answer (click here)
207. Temperature dependence of resistance and Internal resistance of a cell -
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208. Electric energy and electric power - Answer (click here)
209. Faraday's laws of electrolysis | Chemical effect of current | Verification
of Faraday's laws of electrolysis - Answer (click here)
210. Electric cells and Voltaic cell - Answer (click here)
211. Primary Cell - Daniel cell, Leclanche cell - Answer (click here)
212. Secondary Cells - Lead - Acid accumulator - Applications of secondary
cells - Answer (click here)
Effects of Electric Current

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213. Applications of Joule heating - Answer (click here)
214. Seebeck effect - Answer (click here)
215. Neutral and Inversion temperature - Answer (click here)
216. Peltier effect and Peltier Co-efficient (π) - Answer (click here)
217. Thomson effect and Thomson coefficient (σ) - Answer (click here)
218. Thermopile - Answer (click here)
219. Biot - Savart Law - Answer (click here)
220. Tangent galvanometer : Theory and Construction of Tangent
galvanometer - Answer (click here)
221. Solenoid and Right hand palm rule - Answer (click here)
222. Magnetic Lorentz force - Answer (click here)
223. Cyclotron- Principle, Construction, Working and Limitations of
Cyclotron - Answer (click here)
224. Moving coil galvanometer : Principle, Construction, Pointer type
moving coil galvanometer, Current sensitivity of a galvanometer - Answer
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225. Heating effect : Joule's law - Answer (click here)
226. Verification of Joule's law - Answer (click here)
227. Magnetic effect of current - Answer (click here)
228. Magnetic field around a straight conductor carrying current - Answer (click
here)
229. Magnetic field due to a circular loop carrying current - Answer (click here)
230. Biot Savart Law and Magnetic induction - Answer (click here)
231. Ampere's Circuital Law - Answer (click here)
232. Magnetic induction due to a long solenoid carrying current - Answer (click
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233. Magnetic Lorentz force and Cyclotron - Answer (click here)
234. Motion of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field - Answer (click
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235. Force on a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field - Answer
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236. Force between two long parallel current-carrying conductors - Answer
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237. Torque experienced by a current loop in a uniform magnetic field -
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238. Conversion of galvanometer into an ammeter - Answer (click here)
239. Conversion of galvanometer into a voltmeter - Answer (click here)
240. Current loop as a magnetic dipole - Answer (click here)
241. The magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron - Answer (click here)
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current

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242. AC generator (Dynamo) - Single phase and AC generator (Alternator) -
Three phase - Answer (click here)
243. Eddy currents and Applications of Eddy current - Answer (click here)
244. Transformer Principle - Efficiency of a transformer - Energy losses in a
transformer - Answer (click here)
245. Electromagnetic induction - Answer (click here)
246. Magnetic flux - Answer (click here)
247. Induced emf and current - Electromagnetic induction - Answer (click here)
248. Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction - Answer (click here)
249. Lenz's law - Answer (click here)
250. Self Induction - Answer (click here)
251. Coefficient of self induction - Answer (click here)
252. Self inductance of a long solenoid - Answer (click here)
253. Mutual induction and Coefficient of mutual induction - Answer (click here)
254. Methods of producing induced emf - Answer (click here)
255. AC generator (Dynamo) - Single phase - Answer (click here)
256. Eddy currents - Answer (click here)
257. Transformer - Answer (click here)
258. Long distance power transmission - Answer (click here)
259. Alternating current - Answer (click here)
260. AC Circuit with resistor, inductor and capacitor - Answer (click here)
261. Choke coil: Construction and Working - Answer (click here)
Electromagnetic Waves and Wave Optics

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262. Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman(C.V.Raman) Life - Answer (click here)
263. Uses of electromagnetic spectrum - Answer (click here)
264. Types of spectra - Emission spectra, Line spectrum, Band Spectrum,
Absorption Spectra - Answer (click here)
265. Fraunhofer lines - Fluorescence - Phosphorescence - Answer (click here)
266. Theories of light : Corpuscular theory, Wave theory, Electromagnetic
theory, Quantum theory - Answer (click here)
267. Scattering of light : Tyndal scattering, Raman effect - Answer (click here)
268. Wave front : Huygen's principle - Answer (click here)
269. Condition for sustained interference and Young's double slit experiment
- Answer (click here)
270. Newton's rings : Experiment, Theory - Answer (click here)
271. Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction - Answer (click here)
272. Diffraction grating explanation with Theory - Answer (click here)
273. Polarisation of transverse waves - Answer (click here)
274. Double refraction - Answer (click here)
275. Polaroids explanation and Uses of Polaroid - Answer (click here)
276. Nicol prism and Types of crystals - Answer (click here)
277. Optical activity - Answer (click here)
278. Specific rotation - Answer (click here)
279. Electromagnetic Waves and Wave optics - Answer (click here)
280. Characteristics of electromagnetic waves - Answer (click here)
281. Hertz experiment - Answer (click here)
282. Types of spectra - Answer (click here)
283. Theories of light - Answer (click here)
284. Scattering of light - Answer (click here)
285. Wave front - Answer (click here)
286. Superposition principle - Answer (click here)
287. Diffraction - Answer (click here)
288. Polarisation - Answer (click here)
Atomic Physics
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289. Discharge of electricity through gases at low pressure - Discovery of
electrons - Answer (click here)
290. Properties of Cathode rays - Answer (click here)
291. Canal rays and Properties of Positive rays (or) Canal rays - Answer (click
here)
292. Thomson's method - Determination of specific charge (e/m) of an
electron - Answer (click here)
293. Millikan's oil drop experiment - Determination of charge of an electron -
Answer (click here)
294. Thomson atom model and its Drawbacks - Answer (click here)
295. Rutherford's α - particle scattering experiment - Answer (click here)
296. Rutherford atom model and its Drawbacks - Answer (click here)
297. Bohr atom model - Answer (click here)
298. Spectral series of hydrogen atom and Energy level diagram - Answer (click
here)
299. Excitation and ionization potential of an atom - Answer (click here)
300. Shortcomings of Bohr's theory - Answer (click here)
301. Sommerfeld atom model and its Drawbacks - Answer (click here)
302. Production of X-rays - Modern Coolidge tube - Answer (click here)
303. Types of X-rays: Soft and Hard X-rays - Answer (click here)
304. Properties of X-rays - Answer (click here)
305. Detection, Diffraction and Absorption of X-rays - Answer (click here)
306. Laue experiment - Answer (click here)
307. Bragg's law for X-ray diffraction - Answer (click here)
308. Bragg's X-ray spectrometer - Answer (click here)
309. X-ray spectra - continuous and characteristic X-ray spectra - Answer (click
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310. Moseley's law and Applications of Moseley's law - Answer (click here)
311. Medical, Industrial and Scientific Applications of X-rays - Answer (click
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312. Spontaneous and stimulated emission of Laser - Answer (click here)
313. Ruby laser - Generation Process and Energy Level - Answer (click here)
314. Helium neon laser - Generation Process and Energy Level - Answer (click
here)
315. Medical, Industrial and Scientific Applications of laser - Answer (click
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Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter and Relativity

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316. Photoelectric effect - Dual Nature of Radiation - Answer (click here)
317. Hallwachs Experiment - photo electric effect - Answer (click here)
318. Effect of potential difference on the photoelectric current - Answer (click
here)
319. Effect of frequency of incident radiation on stopping potential - Answer
(click here)
320. Laws of photoelectric emission - Answer (click here)
321. Einstein's photoelectric equation - Answer (click here)
322. Photoelectric cells and their types, applications - Answer (click here)
323. de Broglie wavelength of matter waves and an electron - Answer (click
here)
324. Electron microscope: Construction, working, Uses, Limitations - Answer
(click here)
325. Relativity: Concept of Space and Frame of reference - Answer (click here)
326. Special theory of relativity - Answer (click here)
327. Einstein's mass-energy equivalence - Answer (click here)
Nuclear Physics
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Answer (click here)
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328. Classification of nuclei and Properties of nucleus Nuclear size - Answer
(click here)
329. Explanation of Nuclear binding energy curve - Answer (click here)
330. Bainbridge mass spectrometer - Determination of isotopic masses of
nuclei - Answer (click here)
331. Nuclear force and Radioactivity - Answer (click here)
332. Properties of Alpha α, beta β and gamma γ rays - Answer (click here)
333. Radioactive displacement law - Answer (click here)
334. Neutron - Discovery and Properties of neutrons - Answer (click here)
335. Artificial radioactivity - Answer (click here)
336. Applications of radio-isotopes - Answer (click here)
337. Biological hazards of nuclear radiations - Answer (click here)
338. Artificial radioactivity transmutation and Particle accelerators - Answer
(click here)
339. Geiger - Muller counter: Construction and Operation - Answer (click here)
340. Energy released in Nuclear fission - Answer (click here)
341. Radioactive Chain reaction - Answer (click here)
342. Atom bomb - Principle and construction - Answer (click here)
343. Nuclear reactor: Design and Function of parts, Uses - Answer (click here)
344. Nuclear power programme in India - Answer (click here)
345. Nuclear fusion: Hydrogen bomb and Stellar energy - Answer (click here)
346. Cosmic Rays: Latitude effect, Altitude effect, Cosmic ray showers -
Answer (click here)
347. Elementary particles of atom - new nuclear particles - Answer (click here)
Semiconductor Devices and their Applications

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Answer (click here)
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Answer (click here)
348. Semiconductors: Energy band in solids - Answer (click here)
349. Semiconductors: Valence band, conduction band and forbidden energy
gap - Answer (click here)
350. Insulators, semiconductors and conductors - forbidden energy gap -
Answer (click here)
351. Electrons and holes in semiconductors - Answer (click here)
352. Intrinsic semiconductor - Answer (click here)
353. Extrinsic semiconductor: N and P -type semiconductor - Answer (click here)
354. PN Junction diode: Forward and Reverse bias characteristics - Answer
(click here)
355. PN junction diode as Half wave and Bridge wave rectifier - Answer (click
here)
356. Avalanche and zener Breakdown mechanisms - Answer (click here)
357. Zener diode and Zener diode as voltage regulator - Answer (click here)
358. Light Emitting Diode (LED) - Answer (click here)
359. Junction transistor - Answer (click here)
360. Working of a PNP transistor - Answer (click here)
361. Transistor circuit configurations - Answer (click here)
362. Characteristics of an NPN transistor in common emitter configuration -
Answer (click here)
363. Transistor as a switch - Answer (click here)
364. Transistor amplifier - Operating point, Working - Answer (click here)
365. Transistor biasing - Voltage divider bias - Answer (click here)
366. Single stage CE amplifier - Answer (click here)
367. Multistage amplifiers - Answer (click here)
368. Feedback in amplifiers- Principle of feedback and - Answer (click here)
369. Transistor oscillators - Barkhausen condition for oscillation - Answer (click
here)
370. Generation of sinusoidal waves by a tuned LC circuit - Answer (click here)
371. Essentials of LC oscillator - Answer (click here)
372. Colpitt's oscillator - Answer (click here)
373. Integrated circuit (IC) - Answer (click here)
374. Digital electronics - Analog signal, Digital signal and logic levels -
Answer (click here)
375. Basic logic gates using discrete components - Answer (click here)
376. Operational amplifier (OP - AMP) - Answer (click here)
377. Circuit symbol and Pin-out configuration of an OP-AMP - Answer (click
here)
378. Basic OP-AMP circuits: Inverting, Non-inverting, Summing, Difference
amplifier - Answer (click here)
379. Cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) - Answer (click here)
380. Multimeter - Answer (click here)
Communication Systems
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Answer (click here)
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Answer (click here)
here)
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Answer (click here)
348. Semiconductors: Energy band in solids - Answer (click here)
349. Semiconductors: Valence band, conduction band and forbidden energy
gap - Answer (click here)
350. Insulators, semiconductors and conductors - forbidden energy gap -
Answer (click here)
351. Electrons and holes in semiconductors - Answer (click here)
352. Intrinsic semiconductor - Answer (click here)
353. Extrinsic semiconductor: N and P -type semiconductor - Answer (click here)
354. PN Junction diode: Forward and Reverse bias characteristics - Answer
(click here)
355. PN junction diode as Half wave and Bridge wave rectifier - Answer (click
here)
356. Avalanche and zener Breakdown mechanisms - Answer (click here)
357. Zener diode and Zener diode as voltage regulator - Answer (click here)
358. Light Emitting Diode (LED) - Answer (click here)
359. Junction transistor - Answer (click here)
360. Working of a PNP transistor - Answer (click here)
361. Transistor circuit configurations - Answer (click here)
362. Characteristics of an NPN transistor in common emitter configuration -
Answer (click here)
363. Transistor as a switch - Answer (click here)
364. Transistor amplifier - Operating point, Working - Answer (click here)
365. Transistor biasing - Voltage divider bias - Answer (click here)
366. Single stage CE amplifier - Answer (click here)
367. Multistage amplifiers - Answer (click here)
368. Feedback in amplifiers- Principle of feedback and - Answer (click here)
369. Transistor oscillators - Barkhausen condition for oscillation - Answer (click
here)
370. Generation of sinusoidal waves by a tuned LC circuit - Answer (click here)
371. Essentials of LC oscillator - Answer (click here)
372. Colpitt's oscillator - Answer (click here)
373. Integrated circuit (IC) - Answer (click here)
374. Digital electronics - Analog signal, Digital signal and logic levels -
Answer (click here)
375. Basic logic gates using discrete components - Answer (click here)
376. Operational amplifier (OP - AMP) - Answer (click here)
377. Circuit symbol and Pin-out configuration of an OP-AMP - Answer (click
here)
378. Basic OP-AMP circuits: Inverting, Non-inverting, Summing, Difference
amplifier - Answer (click here)
379. Cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) - Answer (click here)
380. Multimeter - Answer (click here)
381. Propagation of electromagnetic waves - Answer (click here)
382. Amplitude modulation (AM): Modulation factor, Analysis, Advantages,
Limitations - Answer (click here)
383. Frequency modulation (FM): Advantages and Disadvantages - Answer
(click here)
384. Phase modulation (PM) - Answer (click here)
385. Radio transmission - AM, FM transmitter and AF, RF section - Answer
(click here)
386. Radio reception: simple, AM and FM receiver - Answer (click here)
387. Television: Construction and Working of Vidicon camera tube - Answer
(click here)
388. Television: Scanning and synchronising - Answer (click here)
389. Monochrome picture tube - Answer (click here)
390. Monochrome TV transmission - Answer (click here)
391. Monochrome TV receiver - Answer (click here)
392. RADAR: Principle, Applications, Transmission and reception of radar -
Answer (click here)
393. Analog communication and digital communication - Answer (click here)
394. Modem and Fax (or) Facsimile - Answer (click here)
395. Wire and Cable - Answer (click here)
396. Fiber optical communication: Advantages, Applications - Answer (click
here)
397. Satellite Communication: Merits and Demerits - Answer (click here)

Physics - Lecture Notes, Study Material and Important Questions, Answers

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Physics - Lecture Notes, Study Material and Important Questions, Answers

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Dynamics of Rotational Motion

Gravitation and Space Science

Mechanics of Solids and Fluids

Heat and Thermodynamics

Effects of Electric Current

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current

Electromagnetic Waves and Wave Optics

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter and Relativity

Semiconductor Devices and their Applications

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