1.

a. What are the advantages of VSB-AM?

b. State Shannon’s theorem on channel capacity.
c. What is the difference between Correlation and Convolution?
d. Alphanumeric data are entered into a computer from a remote terminal
through a voice grade telephone channel. The channel has bandwidth of
3.4kHz and output signal-to noise ratio of 20dB. The terminal has a total of
128 symbols. Assume that the symbols are equiprobable and the successive
transmissions are statistically independent.
i. Calculate the information capacity of the channel
ii. Calculate the maximum symbol rate for which error-free transmission
over the channel is possible.

2. Consider a discrete memoryless source with source alphabets 𝜑 =

{𝑆0 , 𝑆1 , 𝑆2 , … , 𝑆𝐾−1 } and source statistics {𝑝0 , 𝑝1 , 𝑝2 , … , 𝑝𝐾−1 }. Then nth extension of
this source is another discrete memoryless source with source alphabet
𝜑 𝑚 {𝜎0 , 𝜎1 , … 𝜎𝑀−1 }, where 𝑀 = 𝐾 𝑛 . Let 𝑃(𝜎𝑖 ) denote the probability of 𝜎𝑖
a) Show that ∑𝑀−1 𝑖=0 𝑃(𝜎𝑖 )=1
1
b) b)Show that ∑𝑀−1
𝑖=0 𝑃(𝜎𝑖 ) 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 (𝑝 ) = 𝐻(𝜑), k=1,2,…n
𝑖𝑘
Where 𝑝𝑖𝑘 is the probability of symbol 𝑠𝑖𝑘 and 𝐻(𝜑) is the entropy of the original
source.

3.
a. Compare linear and non-linear modulators.
b. Both wireless communications and satellite communications rely on radio
propagation for their operations. Summarize,
i. The similarities of these two multiuser communication systems, and
ii. The major differences that distinguish them from each other.
c. Draw the block diagram of coherent detector

4.
a. Briefly explain white noise.
b. Figure 1 shows a Huffman tree. What is the code word for each of the symbols
A, B, C, D, E, F and G represented by this Huffman tree? What are their
individual codeword lengths?
5.
a. Define information
b. Let p denote the probability of some event. Plot the amount of information
gained by the occurrence of this event for 0 ≤ p ≤ 1
c. Compare WDFM and NBFM
d. List the properties of the entropy of binary memoryless source

6. A radio link uses a pair of 2m dish antennas with an efficiency of 60% percent each,
as transmitting and receiving antennas. Other specifications of the link are:
Transmitted power – 1dBW,
Carrier frequency – 4 GHz,
Distance of the receiver from transmitter – 150m. Calculate,
a) The free space loss,
b) The power gain of each antenna, and
c) The received power in dBW