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DG 2018

Ing. Diego Martinez Franco

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DISEÑO GEOMETRICO DE PLANTA

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Trazo de la linea a pelo de
tierra o linea de gradiente
En una nueva capa, trazaremos la linea de gradiente del primer tramo
con 7% de pendiente con las curvas que se encuentran cada 2 m para lo
cual:

Linea de
gradiente
Calculamos la distancia horizontal
necesaria para cumplir con la pendiente.
 s=7%  x = 28.6 m
Con esta distancia y a partir del punto de
inicio trazamos circulos de radio x,
trazando luego la linea a pelo de tierra.

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Del reconocimiento en campo sabemos que un tramo del levantamiento
pertenece a una trocha carrozable ya existente, y con ayuda de la malla
de interpolación trazamos su eje, asignandolo a una capa llamada EJE
ANT.

Eje de la
carretera
existente.

Verificando la pendiente de la carretera


existente esta varia entre 6 a 8.25%

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Trazamos la linea a pelo de tierra con 8% de pendiente en el segundo
tramo comenzando de la parte superior, de la misma manera que para
el caso del primer tramo. En este caso la distancio horizontal será de
25m. Punto de inicio
del trazo de la Linea a pelo de
linea a pelo de tierra del
tierra segundro tramo

Eje de la
carretera
existente

Con la linea a pelo de tierra comprobamos que la carretera existente


posee una pendiente aproximada de 8%.

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Trazo de la linea definitiva
La linea a pelo de tierra es el trazo que nos
generará el menor movimiento de tierra para
realizar la carretera, sin embargo y casi siempre
este trazo no cumple con los requerimientos de
diseño, como radios minimos de curvatura o
longitudes de transición.
Pero la linea a pelo de tierra nos sirve como guia
para el trazo de una linea definitiva.
Con ayuda del AutoCAD Land podemos evaluar
varios trazos de linea definitiva escogiendo
despues el que cumpla con las normas y nos
generé el menor movimiento de tierras.
Al definir un trazo usualmente se busca un
alineamiento con Pis que generen curvas de
mayor radio, y por lo consecuente tangentes
cortas.

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Creando una nueva capa EJE DEF y con ayuda
del trazo a pelo de tierra proponemos un trazo 4
compuesto por 4 PIs

1era.
propuesta de
trazo
definitivo.

1
Trazo en el primer tramo, Trazo en el segundo tramo, el
inicialmente se siguio el trazo a trazo se realizo siguiento el trazo
pelo de tierra, para luego a pelo de tierra, tratando de que
plantear un tramo que evita la el trazo definitivo sobrepase por
curva producida por la linea a el eje de la carretera existente.
pelo de tierra.

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CLASIFICACION POR DEMANDA

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CLASIFICACION POR DEMANDA

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CLASIFICACION POR DEMANDA

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DISEÑO GEOMETRICO DE PLANTA

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DISEÑO GEOMETRICO DE PLANTA

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CLASIFICACION POR OROGRAFIA

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RANGOS DE VELOCIDADES DE DISEÑO

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RANGOS DE VELOCIDADES DE DISEÑO

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DISEÑO GEOMETRICO EN PLANTA

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CURVAS CIRCULARES CON ESPIRAL

TE = Punto de empalme entre la recta y la espiral


EC = Punto de empalme entre la espiral y el arco circular
CE = Punto de empalme entre el arco circular y la espiral
ET = Punto de empalme entre la espiral y la recta
∆ = Deflexión de la curva.
Rc = Radio curva circular
Le = Longitud curva espiral
Өe = Delta o deflexión curva espiral
Xc = Coordenada X de la espiral en los puntos EC y CE
Yc = Coordenada Y de la espiral en los puntos EC y CE
P = Disloque = Desplazamiento del arco circular con respecto a la
tangente
K = Abscisa Media. Distancia entre el TE y el punto donde
se produce el disloque
Te = Tangente de la curva. Distancia TE – PI y PI - ET
Ee = Externa
Tl = Tangente larga. Distancia entre TE o ET y PIe
Tc = Tangente corta. Distancia entre PIe y EC o CE
Ce = Cuerda larga de la espiral. Línea que une TE con EC y CE con
ET
Ф = Angulo de la cuerda larga de la espiral
∆c = Deflexión de la curva circular
G = Grado de curvatura circular
Lc = Longitud curva circular
Cc = Cuerda larga circular

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CURVAS CIRCULARES SIMPLES

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LONGITUDES DE TRAMOS EN TANGENTE

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RADIOS MINIMOS Y PERALTES MAXIMOS

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RADIOS MINIMOS Y PERALTES MAXIMOS

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RADIOS MINIMOS Y PERALTES MAXIMOS

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RADIOS MINIMOS Y PERALTES MAXIMOS

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RADIOS MINIMOS Y PERALTES MAXIMOS

6.1%
12%

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RADIOS MINIMOS Y PERALTES MAXIMOS

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

71.72

60 Km/h

105 m

0.5 m/s3

12 %

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

48.99

60 Km/h

105 m

0.5 m/s3

12 %

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

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CONDICIONES DE CURVA DE TRANSICION

Longitud De Espiral
Amin 71.72 Lmin 48.99
CONDICIONES
Le≥30m 50.00 ok
Lmax ≤ Le*1.5 73.48 ok
R/3 ≤ A ≤ R 35.00 71.72 ok
Le≥Lmin P% 42.00 ok

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

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CURVA DE TRANSICION
1.2%

60 Km/h

38.5 = 39

12 %

-2.0 %
3.30 m

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

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CURVA DE TRANSICION

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SOBRE ANCHO

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SOBRE ANCHO

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SOBRE ANCHO

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SOBRE ANCHO

1.65 = 1.7

0.67 = 0.7

2
105
10.55
60

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SOBRE ANCHO

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DISEÑO GEOMETRICO DE PERFIL

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PENDIENTES MAXIMAS

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CURVAS VERTICALES

K = 703 / 7.90

88.99

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CURVAS VERTICALES

5-(-2.9) = 7.9

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Análisis de IDA

78

69

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Análisis de RETORNO

81

71

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290

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CURVAS VERTICALES

81
60
7.9
110.86 128.30

Redondeando = 129

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CURVAS VERTICALES

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CURVAS VERTICALES

A = 7.9 Da = 290
702.32 Redondeando = 703

A = 7.9 Da = 290
460.25

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CURVAS VERTICALES

Elegimos Lc = 60 por
ser menores a la
velocidad de diseño
V = 60
A = 2.95
Dp = 78

22.78 45.67

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CURVAS VERTICALES

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Datos Civil 3D
V (km/h) S1 S2 Curva

60 5.00% -2.90% Crest


60 -2.90% 0.05% Sag
60 0.05% -1.97% Crest
60 -1.97% -0.09% Sag
60 -0.09% 2.69% Sag

Distancia de
Distancia de visibilidad de parada Dp
visibilidad Da
Dp Analisis DE IDA Dp Analisis de RETORNO Dp E Da E
PIV S1 S2 Dp S1 Dp S2 Dp E PIV S1 S2 Dp S1 Dp S2 Dp E Dp Da
1 5 -2.9 69.00 78.00 78 1 -5 2.9 81.00 71.00 81 81 290
2 -2.9 0.05 78.00 74.00 78 2 2.9 -0.05 71.00 74.00 74 78 290
3 0.05 -1.97 74.00 76.00 76 3 -0.05 1.97 74.00 72.00 74 76 290
4 -1.97 -0.09 76.00 74.00 76 4 1.97 0.09 72.00 74.00 74 76 290
5 -0.09 2.69 74.00 71.00 74 5 0.09 -2.69 74.00 78.00 78 78 290

Lmin de curva vertical según visivilidad de Parada Dp


Convexa Concava Lmin
Dp E Lmin Lmin R Lmin VD
Dp>L Dp<L Dp>L Dp<L Absoluto
81 110.86 128.30 …... …... 128.30 129.00 60.00 129.00
78 …... …... …... …... 0.00 0.00 60.00 60.00
76 …... …... …... …... 0.00 0.00 60.00 60.00
76 …... …... …... …... 0.00 0.00 60.00 60.00
78 …... …... …... …... 0.00 0.00 60.00 60.00

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Lmin de curva vertical según visivilidad de Paso Da
Convexa Lmin
Da E Lmin Lmin R Lmin VD
Da>L Da<L Absoluto
290 460.25 702.32 702.32 703.00 60.00 703.00
290 …... …... 0.00 0.00 60.00 60.00
290 111.68 179.58 179.58 180.00 60.00 180.00
290 …... …... 0.00 0.00 60.00 60.00
290 …... …... 0.00 0.00 60.00 60.00

Longitud Mínima Curva Vertical

Longitud mínima de curva vertical


PIV K Convexa Concava Civil 3D
1 88.99 703.00 ... Crest - 703
2 20.34 ... 60.00 Sag - 60
3 89.11 180.00 ... Crest - 180
4 31.91 ... 60.00 Sag - 60
5 21.58 ... 60.00 Sag - 60

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