Interconnecting Cisco Networking

Devices Part 1
ICND1 100-105

Instructor
Paul A. Parker

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 Chapter 6

Using the Command-Line Interface

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 Chapter 6
Foundation Topics
v Accessing the Cisco Catalyst 2960 Switch CLI
▼ The command-line interface (CLI) is a text-based interface to the
device where the user enters a command and the device
performs an action and displays a result.
▼ There are other interfaces to Cisco devices in the form of
network management software which are covered in ICND2.
v Cisco Catalyst Switches and the 2960 Switch
▼ The 2960 is a full-featured, low-
cost wiring closet switch that
you would expect to use in a
small a typical campus LAN.

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 Chapter 6
Cisco Catalyst Switches and the 2960 Switch
v Switch Status from LEDs

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 Chapter 6
Cisco Catalyst Switches and the 2960 Switch
v Switch Status from LEDs
▼ The SYST LED
➘  Off: The switch is not powered on.
➘  On (green): The switch is powered on and operational (Cisco IOS
has been loaded).
➘  On (amber): The system has power, but is not functioning
properly.
▼ The Port LED
➘  Off: The link is currently not working (including if shut down).
➘  Solid green: The link is working, but there’s no current traffic.
➘  Flashing green: The link is working, and traffic is currently passing
over the interface.
➘  Flashing amber: The port is blocked by spanning tree.

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 Chapter 6
Accessing the Cisco Catalyst 2960 Switch CLI
v Accessing the Cisco IOS CLI
▼ Cisco calls the OS the Internetwork Operating System (IOS).
▼ The IOS can be accessed through the console port, through
Telnet, and Secure Shell (SSH).
▼ Telnet and Secure Shell use the IP network to reach the switch.
▼ The console is a physical port built specifically to allow access to
the CLI.

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 Chapter 6
Accessing the Cisco Catalyst 2960 Switch CLI
v Cabling the Console Connection
▼ The console uses rollover cable with pin 1 to 8, 2 to 7, etc.
▼ Cisco devices usually come with a purpose built console cable
that use a D-shell 9-pin on one end and an RJ-45 on the other.
▼ Newer PCs do not have a serial port but instead use Universal
Serial Bus (USB) for console access.
▼ Cisco has started building devices with a USB for the console port
instead of the RJ-45 serial port.
▼ The console port uses “8N1” for its parameters
➘  9600 bits/second
➘  No hardware flow control
➘  8-bit ASCII
➘  No parity bits
➘  1 stop bit

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 Chapter 6
Accessing the Cisco Catalyst 2960 Switch CLI
v Accessing the CLI with Telnet and SSH
▼  The switch must have an IP address configured to use Telnet or SSH.
▼  Telnet is a TCP-based application layer protocol that uses well-known
port 23.
▼  Secure Shell is similar to Telnet but uses well-known port 22 instead.
▼  Secure Shell differs from Telnet in that it uses encryption to transmit and
receive data where Telnet does not.
v Password Security for CLI Access

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 Chapter 6
Accessing the Cisco Catalyst 2960 Switch CLI
v User and Enable (Privileged) Modes
▼  User mode allows a user to look around but not change anything
on the switch.
▼  Privileged mode (or enable mode) allow the user to make
changes to the switch.
▼ The enable command will enter privileged mode.
▼ The disable command will exit privileged mode.

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 Chapter 6
Accessing the Cisco Catalyst 2960 Switch CLI
v CLI Help Features

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 Chapter 6
Accessing the Cisco Catalyst 2960 Switch CLI
v Key Sequences for Command Edit and Recall

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 Chapter 6
Accessing the Cisco Catalyst 2960 Switch CLI
v The debug and show commands
▼ The show command has a large variety of options which will
display the status of almost every feature of Cisco IOS.
▼ The debug command is similar to the show command but it will
continue to monitor the feature and display messages to the user
when different events occur.
▼ Be aware that some debug options create so many messages
that the Cisco IOS cannot process them all possibly resulting in a
crash of the device.
▼ The shortest command to stop all debug monitoring is undebug
all or un all for short.

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 Chapter 6
Configuring Cisco IOS Software
v Configuration mode is another mode of the Cisco IOS
that accepts configuration commands provide the switch
with details regarding how it should operate.

v Common Switch Configuration Modes

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 Chapter 6
Configuring Cisco IOS Software
v Navigating In and Out of Switch Configuration Modes

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 Chapter 6
Configuring Cisco IOS Software
v Storing Switch Configuration Files
▼  RAM: Sometimes called DRAM, for dynamic random-access memory, RAM is used by the
switch just as it is used by any other computer: for working storage. The running (active)
configuration file is stored here.
▼  ROM: Read-only memory (ROM) stores a bootstrap (or boothelper) program that is loaded
when the switch first powers on. This bootstrap program then finds the full Cisco IOS image
and manages the process of loading Cisco IOS into RAM, at which point Cisco IOS takes over
operation of the switch.
▼  Flash memory: Either a chip inside the switch or a removable memory card, flash memory
stores fully functional Cisco IOS images and is the default location where the switch gets its
Cisco IOS at boot time. Flash memory also can be used to store any other files, including
backup copies of configuration files.
▼  NVRAM: Nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM) stores the initial or startup configuration file that is used
when the switch is first powered on and when the switch is reloaded.

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 Chapter 6
Configuring Cisco IOS Software
v Two Main Cisco IOS Configuration Files

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 Chapter 6
Configuring Cisco IOS Software
v Copying and Erasing Configuration Files

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 Chapter 6
Configuring Cisco IOS Software
v Initial Configuration (Setup Mode)
▼  Setup mode leads a switch administrator through a series of
questions to help configure a new switch.

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 Chapter 6
Configuring Cisco IOS Software
v IOS Version and Other Reload Facts
▼ The show version command lists facts about the switch
including the following
➘  The IOS version
➘  Time since last load of the IOS
➘  Reason for last load of the IOS
➘  Number of Fast Ethernet interfaces
➘  Number of Gigabit Ethernet interfaces
➘  Switch model number

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 Chapter 6
Exam Preparation Tasks

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 Chapter 6
Command References
v Configuration Commands

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 Chapter 6
Command References
v EXEC Commands

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 Chapter 6
Command References
v EXEC Commands

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Questions?

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