Abstract

In this dynamic changing world the term phone has changed the entire frame of communication.
From the evolution of telephone communication started to come towards the touch of the hand of
common people. Though the telephone was under the use of higher class people and military use but
the story turns a fold when Motorola invented the first cell phone. The objective of the study is to make
a concise study on the impact of cell phone on society. The study started with the normal definition and
information about cell phones from it’s starting part. The study then approaches towards the history of
cell phones from the origin to the current days. During the next parts the study tells about smartphones
of the current time including the hybrid operating systems. During the final approach to the main points
the study covers the uses of cell phones on social, family, educational and other fields. The main point
then come on flow and implies the positive impact of cell phone on the society comes to the study. The
negative effects then come to the point on the current course and make a comparative study in the
effects. The impacts of cell phones discussed here are arranged sequentially with respect to the
importance level of the impacts on the society. Also, the paper then go to the point of comparative
analysis on the topic and finally reaches a conclusive point by the data, information and references
collected from internet and other sources. The point of principal debate was whether the impacts are
positive or negative. The research methodology says that

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Introduction:
A cell phone is a wireless handheld device that allows users to make calls and send text messages,
among other features. The earliest generation of cell phones could only make and receive calls. Today’s
cell phones, however, are packed with many additional features, such as web browsers, games,
cameras, video players and even navigational systems. Feature phone is a term typically used as
a retronym to describe mobile phones which are limited in capabilities in contrast to a
modern smartphone. Feature phones typically provide voice calling and text messaging functionality, in
addition to basic multimedia and Internet capabilities, and other services offered by the user's wireless
service provider. A feature phone has additional functions over and above a basic cell phone which is
only capable of voice calling and text messaging. Feature phones and basic cell phones tend to use a
proprietary, custom-designed software and user interface. By contrast, smartphones generally use
a cellphone operating system that often shares common traits across devices.
Cell phones communicate with cell towers that are placed to give coverage across a telephone
service area which is divided up into 'cells'. Each cell uses a different set of frequencies from
neighbouring cells, and will typically be covered by 3 towers placed at different locations. The cell towers
are usually interconnected to each other and the phone network and the internet by wired connections.
Due to bandwidth limitations each cell will have a maximum number of cell phones it can handle at
once. The cells are therefore sized depending on the expected usage density, and may be much smaller
in cities. In that case much lower transmitter powers are used to avoid broadcasting beyond the cell. As
a phone moves around, a phone will "hand off"- automatically disconnect and reconnect to the tower
that gives the best reception. GSM feature phones require a small microchip called a Subscriber Identity
Module or SIM card, in order to function. The SIM card is approximately the size of a small postage
stamp and is usually placed underneath the battery in the rear of the unit. The SIM securely stores
the service-subscriber key (IMSI) and the Ki used to identify and authenticate the user of the mobile
phone. The SIM card allows users to change phones by simply removing the SIM card from one mobile
phone and inserting it into another mobile phone or broadband telephony device, provided that this is
not prevented by a SIM lock. The first SIM card was made in 1991 by Munich smart card maker Giesecke
& Devrient for the Finnish wireless network operator Radiolinja.A hybrid mobile phone can hold up to
four SIM cards, with a phone having an IMEI per SIM Card. SIM and R-UIM cards may be mixed together
to allow both GSM and CDMA networks to be accessed. From 2010 onwards, such phones became
popular in emerging markets,[19] and this was attributed to the desire to obtain the lowest on-net calling
rate.
A cell phone may also be known as a cellular phone or simply cell phone. It was the great discovery
that changed the total shape of whole world. In communication, business, education, medical and all
other fields cell phone has added a new dimension of critical function. The cellular technology that
worked over only texting and calling has now entered the era of multimedia and digitally functioned
machine. Gaming, camera and video features brought a new type of entertainment features. Now
people are becoming fancy for buying Galaxy S series or Apple Iphone series phones for the vital
excellency and mode of works they offer actually. The competition in cellphone market has boosted up
the economy of many countries being the producer of cellphone products. Quality of lifestyle has
become a matter to think and cellphone has added a total standard on the quality.
Moreover, we have seen the generations of cell phones by the network module they used and also
the criteria of their works. The brand generation of Nokia and Motorola was a golden time of cellphone
industry. Day by day Java, Symbian, IOs, Android have come and added tastes to new levels. With all
these facts the thing that worked more was the quality, diversified working capacity and then comes
the innovation. The innovation in cellphone industry was more than any other field because of the urge
of necessity of communication and modern system. No confusion now a days we can’t move a single
second without a cellphone which decides the actual gravity of the importance of cell phone in our life.
But even mighty nuclear energy has positive and negative ends. So does cellphone also carry impacts on

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 the life of people and on society. The impacts have changed the lifestyle but still it has created too many
problems also. In case of giving a common introduction to the impact of cellphone the impacts can’t be
finished even in words but still a rational study can be done. The term cell phone evolved as the most
generic term for technology at present time.

History of cell phone:

The cell phone that we use today has come to the position through a long development process.
The path was full of extensive research. The history of cell phone from different brands are given below:
1973
 Motorola touts a prototype of the world's first cell cellular phone, the Motorola DynaTAC 8000X. It's
more than a foot long, weighs nearly 2 pounds and sells for $4,000. However, it wasn't commercially
available until a decade later.

1982

 Finnish handset maker Nokia introduces its first cell phone, the Nokia Mobira Senator. The device looks
very much like a portable radio and it weighs a whopping 21 pounds. Yikes.

1993

 BellSouth/IBM unveil the world's first cell phone with PDA features, including phone and pager
functionality, calculator and calendar applications, as well as fax and e-mail capability. The
BellSouth/IBM Simon Personal Communicator weighs 21 ounces and sells for $900.

1996

 Motorola debuts its StarTAC cell phone, merging fashion and functionality into the cell phone. It weighs
3.1 ounces--light by even today's standards--and it is a clam shell device.

2000

 Kyocera introduces its QCP6035 cell phone, the very first widely available Palm OS-based phone. It costs
between $400 and $500 but only included 8MB of memory.

2001

 Before Palm acquired Handspring, the company released its Handspring Treo 180 cellular phone, which
came in two versions. The Treo 180 was available with a QWERTY keyboard as well as in a separate
version with text input method called Graffiti.

2002

 The Danger Hiptop, which later became known as the T-Cell Sidekick, hits the cell space. It is one of the
first cell devices to include a quality Web browser, reliable e-mail access and instant messaging, as well
a unique swiveling form factor. (PCWorld.com later went on to name the device its 2003 product of the
year.)

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 The BlackBerry 5810 hits the market in 2002, and though it's not the first BlackBerry, it's the first such
device from Research In Motion (RIM) to include voice functionality--though a headset is required
because it doesn't have an external microphone or speaker.

 Sanyo and Sprint make the Sprint SCP-5300 PCS available, and both companies claim it's the first cell
phone in the United States to include a digital camera. Image quality is, however, less than impressive.

2004

 Motorola announces its RAZR v3 cell phone and starts a trend toward ultra-thin, stylish phones that's
still influencing cell device manufacturers today. The RAZR v3 is a "cool" device that everyone, from high
schoolers to businessmen, wants. It's still one of the most popular cell phones, and its one of the few
handsets offered by the majority of major cellular carriers.

2006

 RIM, known for its high-end business phones and reliable "push" e-mail technology, makes its first foray
into the consumer space with the BlackBerry Pearl 8100. The device is the first from RIM to include a
digital camera and media player and it's also the smallest, thinnest BlackBerry--currently, the company's
8800 series of devices are the thinnest it offers. (Read CIO.com'siew for more on the BlackBerry Pearl.)

2007

 Apple releases the iPhone, a beautifully designed device that includes an innovative--and much hyped
up--touch screen navigation interface, which doesn't require the use of a stylus. The device is available
exclusively through AT&T in the United States, and it comes in a 4GB version for $499 and an 8GB version
for $599.

Cell Phone By Generations:

Early Era

The first so-called claim of a wireless device came in 1908, when Prof. Albert Jahnke and the Oakland
Transcontinental Aerial Telephone and Power Company said they had developed a wireless telephone.
However, they were quickly accused of fraud and while the charge was later dropped, production of the
device never ensued. Ten years later, in 1918, the German railroad system tested its own wireless
telephone system on military trains between Berlin and Zossen. By 1924, public trials began with
telephone connection on trains between Berlin and Hamburg. A year later, in 1924, Zugtelephonie A.G.
was founded to supply train telephony equipment with the first telephone systems being approved for
use in postal and other trains by 1926.

By World War II, radio telephony was being implemented for military use, with hand-held radio
transceivers being available since the 1940s. The first cell telephones for autocells also came out in the
1940s. These early devices, however, were bulky, heavy and consumed a lot of power. As well, the
network for these devices only supported limited simultaneous conversations.

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The Car Phone

The first truly cell phone service came to light on June 17, 1946 under Bell Labs, which developed
cell phones that allowed users to place and receive phone calls from their autocells. Shortly
thereafter, AT&T offered the first Cell Telephone Service, but the technology was primitive and only
offered limited coverage area with a few available channels in urban regions. The later
development of cellular technology would catapult cell telephony into a new era, allowing for
widespread adoption of cell phones. This era was predicted by Arthur C. Clarke in a 1959 essay, where
he envisioned a world where every person could make calls with their very own personal transceiver. In
the essay, Clarke wrote: “The time will come when we will be able to call a person anywhere on Earth
merely by dialing a number.” His vision also included a means for a global positioning system that would
ensure that “no one need ever again be lost.” He later predicted the advent of such a device taking place
in the 1980s.

Russian engineer Leonid Kupriyanovich developed a number of experimental cell phone models
between 1957 and 1961, with the last of the designs weighing less than three ounces and could fit easily
in the palm of one’s hand, according to media sources of the time in USSR.

The first fully automated vehicular cell phone system was unveiled in Sweden in 1956. Named MTA
(Mobiltelefonisystem A), it allowed calls to be made and received using a rotary dial. These early car
phones were primitive and consisted of bulky vacuum tubes and relays, weighing as much as 90 pounds.

An early time cell phone inside a car ( history of cell phone archive)
In 1962, MTB was unveiled. This system used push-button calling and improved operational
reliability with transistors and DTMF signaling.Other car phone systems were implemented around this
time as well. USSR introduced the first cell phone for motorists in 1958 and the first US car phones were
introduced in 1959.In 1965, a cell automatic phone was unveiled by Bulgarian-based Radioelektronika,
who presented the device at the Inforga-65 international exhibition in Moscow. The phone was based
on the system developed by Kupriyanovich. The phone system worked with a base station, and one base
station could provide service for up to 15 customers.

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 AT&T introduced the first major improvements to cell telephony in 1965, giving its nearly two-decade
old MTS system a new and improved name – Improved Cell Telephone Service (IMTS). The new system
utilized additional radio channels, allowing for more simultaneous calls in a given geographical region.
The company also introduced customer dialing, eliminating a call to be manually placed by an operator,
and also reduced the size and weight of the user equipment. Despite the capacity improvement,
demand outpaced capacity. AT&T signed an agreement with state regulators to limit its service to just
40,000 customers. In NYC, 2,000 customers had to share just 12 radio channels and had to wait on
average 30 minutes to place a call.

Some improvements were made in the late-1960s by independent telephone companies,

introducing Radio Common Carrier service that paired UHF and VHF frequencies near those used by
IMTS to improve capacity. This service was provided until the 1980s when cellular AMPS systems made
RCC equipment obsolete. Another expanding technology in phone mobility was the emergence of the
satellite phone, which was first developed in 1979 for use on the high seas. That technology is now also
useful on land in areas that are out of reach from landline, cellular and marine VHF radio stations. An
updated Iridium satellite constellation system was set up beginning in 1998, and while the company
behind the system went bankrupt, satellite telephony under that system is still available today.

The Advent Of Handheld and Cellphones

Prior to 1973, cell telephony was limited to phones installed in cars, trains and other
vehicles. Motorola was the first company to produce a handheld cell phone. The first cell phone call
from a handheld device was made on April 3, 1973 by Martin Cooper, a research executive at Motorola
to Joel S Engel of Bell Labs. That first handheld phone was 10 inches long and weighed about 2.5 pounds.
The prototype offered 30 minutes of talk time on a single charge and took 10 hours to recharge. John F.
Mitchell, Motorola’s chief of portable communications, successfully pushed Cooper and the Motorola
team to develop wireless communication products that would become smaller and lighter and could be
used anywhere. The Motorola team was also instrumental in the development and design of the cellular
phone.

The first automatic analog cellular systems were deployed in Tokyo in 1979, later spreading
throughout Japan. The system was available throughout Nordic countries by 1981. In North America,
the first analog cellular system was widely deployed in the early-1980s, being rolled out in North
America in October 1983. It was deployed in Israel in 1986 and Australia in 1987. This system was
deployed as the Advanced Cell Phone System (AMPS). While the system was much more advanced than
the earlier technology, it was unencrypted and easily vulnerable to eavesdropping. It was also
susceptible to cell phone cloning, and the system required significant amounts of wireless spectrum to
support.

Next Generation Technology

The first 1G (first generation) network was launched in the US on March 6, 1983 by Ameritech. It cost
$100 million to develop and took a decade to reach the market. Phone talk time was limited to 30
minutes and the phones took 10 hours to charge. Despite the obvious issues, the system was in high
demand with waiting lists for the system in the thousands.

The 2G network emerged in the 1990s with two systems competing for supremacy: the
European GSM standard and the US-developed CDMA standard. The 2G network differed from the
previous generation by using digital instead of analog transmissions and also fast out-of-band signaling.
Cell phone usage exploded in the 1990s with the onset of 2G connectivity. The advent of prepaid cell

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phones also emerged during this era. The 2G network also saw the emergence of a new variant in
communication: SMS (text messaging). This technology was at first only available in GSM networks but
eventually spread to all digital networks. The first machine-generate SMS message was sent in the UK
on December 3, 1992 followed in 1993 by the first person-to-person SMS in Finland. The emergence of
prepaid services saw a move of telephony into the hands of young people, and eventually to persons of
all ages.

2G also introduced the ability to access media content on cell phones, with the first downloadable
content sold to cell phones in 1998 – the first content available being ring tones. The first advertising on
cell phones followed shortly later in 2000, with an SMS-based headline service.
Also, the first cell payments were trialed in 1998 in Finland and Sweden where a cell phone was used to
pay for a Coca Cola vending machine and car parking. The first commercial payments system to mimic
credit cards was launched in the Philippines in 1999. The first cell Internet service was launched in Japan
in 1999. As the 2G revolution became more widespread and people of all ages began to utilize phones
in their daily lives, it became evident that demand for data was growing. This also meant that there
would be a much greater demand for faster data transfers. Since 2G was not capable of handling this
new era, 3G technology was unveiled in Japan in May 2001 to take on the task. The main technological
difference between 2G and 3G was the use of packet switching in 3G rather than the circuit switching in
2G, which helped immensely with data transfer. With this, 3G speeds rose to 2 Mbps on average.

With the advent of 3G, competition in the market heated up with numerous companies vying for 3G
space. The 2G CDMA networks were capable of transitioning to 3G to help ease some demand. With the
high connection speeds of 3G technology, a transformation of the industry was at hand. For the first
time, media streaming of radio and television content to 3G handsets became possible, with Real
Networks and Disney being among the early pioneers of 3G media streaming. In the mid-2000s, 3G
technology evolved into an enhanced high-speed telephony network, with new coining of the
technology: 3.5G, 3G+ and turbo 3G, allowing for data transfer speeds skyrocketing up to 14 Mbps.

With the ever-increasing speeds of 3G, it was clear that the days of the traditional cell phone/feature
phone would be coming to an end. In 2007, Apple released its flagship iPhone, touted as one of the first
cell phones to use a multi-touch interface. With the concept of multi-touch displays, traditional keypads
and keyboards would soon become obsolete and onscreen keypads would be the new norm.
By 2009, it was clear that, at some point, 3G networks would be overwhelmed by the growth of
bandwidth-intensive applications. The industry soon focused on implementing 4G technologies, with
the promise of delivering speed improvements up to 10-fold over existing 3G networks. The first 4G
technologies were introduced in the US (WiMAX) and Scandinavia (LTE).
One of the main ways 4G differed from 3G was in the elimination of circuit switching, instead
employing an all-IP network. With this, 4G ushered in the age of LAN and WAN networks via VoIP.

Smartphones:

With the onset of the 3G and 4G markets, smartphones have begun to quickly outpace feature
phones in sales. While feature phones still command a large percentage of the market, smartphones
with multi-touch displays and high-speed broadband connections are becoming the mainstay of modern
mobility. In the 1950s, cell phones allowed a user to make a simple phone call on a bulky and heavy
device that wasn’t truly cell. Today, cell technology allows users to connect nearly every aspect of their
life via their smartphone, most notably with the endless barrage of cell applications offering everything
from gaming to tracking fitness and listening to music to watching movies and TV.

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 Today, the smartphone market is overrun with numerous companies and operating systems.
Apple, Samsung, HTC and LG are some of the more notable smartphone makers vying for dominance in
the market, with Apple leading the way with its iPhones. As for operating systems, Google’s Android
OS is way ahead of the curve, outpacing Apple’s iOS, Microsoft’s Windows Phone OS and others in the
field.

Current Market Leading Cell Phone Brands:

1) Samsung

Samsung still maintains its top position in the smartphone industry as the most preferred phone
brand. A Samsung Electronics subsidiary, the brand ships more than 300 million units annually. This
accounts for about 30% of the total cell phone sales on the market. Its focus today is on Android-driven
smartphones, though it still designs and produces a considerable number of analog phones. Its Samsung
Galaxy series is its signature brand series today with most sales found within this series. Samsung is
present in about 100 countries. Because of the absolute dominance and wide portfolio, it is the top
Smartphone brand in the market.

2) Apple

This is easily one of the most popular and recognized Smartphone brands across the globe. With a
strong presence in about 40 countries together with about 100 exclusive store establishments in about
15 countries, Apple sells slightly more than 200 million units every year. Apple was founded in the 1970’s
but its signature product the iPhone that was released in 2007 by Steve Jobs (Apple’s co-founder), is
what took the company to the global playground. The iPhone series is popular because of its feature
rich, durability and the fact that it is classy to own an iPhone. Due to its differentiation advantage, Apple
is the second highest Smartphone brands in the world.

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3) Huawei

Huawei has also not been left behind in the quest to claim a considerable piece of cake in the top 10
Smartphone brands in the world in 2017 compilation. A Chinese formed company, Huawei is a market
leader in telecom equipment and phone manufacturer in the world. Its strong presence is in segments
such as Smartphone, computers, tablets and broadband etc. With a whooping about
75,000 people employed exclusively for research and development, it can now be fathomed why the
company is steadily producing advanced phones. Huawei sells about 100 million units annually.

4) Lenovo

With about 70,000 units being sold annually, Lenovo is a subsidiary of Motorola that comes with a
strong financial backing for research and development. Most of the company’s operations are focused
on the design and manufacturing of the cell phones. One of the product’s unique selling points is the
unique value proposition where the user is allowed the option of phone customization in accordance
with their needs and requirements.

5) Xiaomi

One of the newest companies to enter an industry with a bang, Xiaomi was just established in 2010
but has been able to penetrate the global market through its strong workforce comprising of more
than 8000 workers.

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 Xiaomi has managed to establish itself as a force to reckon in big markets such as China and India
and with a significant presence in Brazil, Singapore, Turkey, and Thailand among others. With over 65
million unit exports, it is one of the top 10 Smartphone brands in the world in 2017.

6) LG

LG is well known not only for its cell telephony but also other appliances and electronic devices. It is
known for its Smartphone products, tablets, cell handsets and smart watches etc. Its most popular cell
phone brands include the G-Series, the K-Series, LG Tribute, the LG G Flex and the LG Nexus. LG sells
about 60 million units a year.

7) ZTE

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 This is the third Chinese cell phone company on the list of the top 10 cell phone brands in the world
in 2017. Its product portfolio is rich with products like phones, telecom services, tablets, and
smartphones. The company targets the low income to the advanced mid-segment classes with a few,
premium high-end devices also found within its portfolio. It sells about 55 million units every year.

8) Oppo

Oppo was founded in the year 2001 in China and has emerged as a formidable force in electronics
and tech organization. It is not until 2008 that the company ventured into the Smartphone
manufacturing as it used to concentrate on production of MP3 players before. With the company’s
slogan “The Art of Technology”, Oppo has been able to reach customers in at least 20 countries, most
of which are within the Asian continent especially China and India. Others are in the USA, the Middle
East countries, Europe and even as far as Australia. Oppo ships about 50 million units in a year, with
popular Smartphone offerings including OPPO R7, Joy, Mirror, F1 and OPPO Neo. Recently, Oppo has
stepped up its advertising and has brought many different SKU’s in the market. As a result, oppo is
supposed to be a much stronger player in 2018 and is one of the top Smartphone brands in 2017.

9) Alcatel

This is one of the cell brands to have a wide or rather massive global reach, with a presence in at
least 170 countries. Alcatel’s focus on technological innovation so as to deliver the best products for its
customers is what has made it have such a big shipment count of about 50 million units in a year.Its
prominent Smartphone products are found within the Pixi, Idol and Pop ranges. Alcatel offers its
customers with customized solutions for their specific needs. Alcatel’s focus towards CSR activities,
more so environmental protection CSRs, has played an integral role in making Alcatel reach such a
wide customer base.

10) Vivo

This is one of the fastest growing and also one of the newest cell brands in the world. Established in
2009, the company has become a prominent name in the industry with a product portfolio comprising
of Smartphone, peripheral cell devices as well as software.

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 A subsidiary of BBK Electronics, Vivo sells about 45 million units yearly. It’s common brands are
found within three main series: the X series-premium priced phones, the Y series- low-end smartphones
and the V series- the middle priced category. It is Vivo’s 2015 release of the slimmest Smartphone in the
world that caught the attention of the market and it has never looked back after that.

General Impact Of Modern Cell Phones:

The innovation and growth on the cell phones front is astonishing. The top-end phones available
now have the processing power and storage available in desktop computers just 4-5 years ago. Little
wonder, then, that 2004 saw 674 million phones being bought, and estimates for 2005 stand at 730
million.

The cell phone is rapidly becoming the uber device -- the one device that seems to have it all and
becomes even more indispensable than it is now. Cell phones have already started functioning as more
than just communications devices. Cells serve as watches and alarm clocks. Even with the limited free
games that come with basic phones, they are already good for "time-pass". They can also function as
calculators.

In unfamiliar neighbourhoods, they tell us where we are. The address book and contacts list on
phones is our social interface. Without the phone, many of us would be quite lost in connecting with
other people. The calendar function on the cell phones can help us track our lives. Phones can also
function as radios. For some, the cell phone also becomes a notepad -- send an SMS to oneself and make
it a reminder service. Owners also have tended to customise phones, with their own ringtones, themes
and wallpapers.

This is just for starters. Consider what some of the more advanced cell phones are also doing:

Digital camera: Point-and-click! Phones capture pictures and let us save them for posterity or transfer
them to others and to computers.

Audio recorder: Cell phones can be used to record conversations or even brief notes to oneself.

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Video recorder: Phones are becoming video cameras also -- some of the newest cellphones can record
an hour or more of video.

Multimedia messaging: Everything recorded can be shared with others by using MMS.

Email client: The phone can be used to connect to any POP or IMAP server and allow receiving and
sending email. While most phones may not have the ease of use that a Blackberry has with email,
contacts and calendar, the fact that it is on the phone itself and that there is no need for a separate
device can be a big help (along with the lower total cost of ownership).

Web client: Phones can also browse websites, via a WAP and/or HTML browser. Most web sites may
not look great on the small screen, but it is still possible to connect to any web site.

Gaming platform: Cell games have become big business in the past couple years as people seek
entertainment in the free time that they have on the device that they always carry with them.

Documents viewer: It is increasingly possible to view documents on the cellphone, in the popular MS-
Office file formats.

Computer adjunct: For many, the cellphone has replaced the PDA as the complement to the computer.
With a remote desktop application, it also becomes possible to make the cell phone a window to one's
computer.

Music player: The next big thing in 2005 is reckoned to be the combining of music capabilities on the
cell phone. While phones can play MP3s, it will soon also be possible to have music streamed from the
Internet. Motorola is expected to introduce a phone this year that marries the cell with Apple's iPod.

TV: In India, some operators have been promoting many TV channels on the cellphone over next-
generation networks like EDGE.

Wallet: The phone can also be used to pay for purchases like a credit or debit card. There is already a
billing relationship that exists between the subscriber and the operator, and that can be used to make
payments to merchants.

Bar-code readers: Phones will also be able to read bar codes and that can have very interesting
applications in commerce.

Positive Impact Of Cell Phones On Society:

1. On Social Field:
After the discovery of cell phones the way off communication has changed to an unimagined way.
Now parents can easily talk to their children even if they are thousand miles away. Option of video
calling by messenger and other platforms are keeping the distances away and making the count of biding
people together. Now distance has become a word only. Basically, there is only newer technologies for
cell phone are coming and these are making the gap narrower. A person can greet his relatives easily
because of having smartphones. If someone is missing in a family gathering easily he/she can join the
party and share photos together.

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 The impact of social media has created a new dimension in the history of overall communication
method. Burning issues are being spread out by facebook and twitter that is helping people to interact
more. Even people from a distant country is available to comment on the issues by social media. The
difference of time zone has become only a matter of number. The sharing of photos and information
are making the way to gather the personal and community preferences to a great extent. The blogs and
different pages are sharing the information for the mass awareness. The issue of quota, Arab spring and
even torture on women are becoming well discussed because of this cell phone development. The
invitations are also now done by cell phones with greater scope.
2. In Business:
Using cell phones in business can boost productivity, mobility, safety and morale of workforce.
Cellphoness can help employees to:

Rationales

 improve customer service

 remain in contact with the office, customers and suppliers
 increase mobility
 increase productivity
 work remotely (eg work from home or away from an office)
 Connecting a cell phone or a laptop to the internet can give employees an even greater degree
of flexibility.

Flexibilty
 Using a cell phone in business allows for increased flexibility when working, which has numerous
advantages. The more flexible companies are, the greater the chances they can show clients
their business is the one to go with. For example, if they are away from the office, clients can still
communicate with workers. Scheduling meetings becomes easier because people are not tied to
a computer or desk. They can even conduct a teleconference via cell phone while owners are on
the go or traveling. Cell phones increase workers ability to multitask.

Technology
 Many cell phones today have the capability of performing many tasks that any computer can. A
person can access the Internet, write emails and send documents from wherever anyone might
find himself. This, in turn, allows everyone to be on top of time-sensitive issues. For example, if
a client needs a proposal as soon as possible and officers u have already left the office for the
day, they can still upload and send the document from official cell phone.

International
 Good communication is essential to successful business practices. Cell phones enable workers
to be in contact with clients across the globe. If they have a telephone meeting with someone in
Europe, the time difference is not as much of an issue with cell phones. They can communicate
from home on any necessary work cell phone rather than in the office during off hours. Also, if
traveling internationally, workers can still maintain contact with home because cell phones are
reachable on the same number and phone. Many cell phone plans have international calling
features, which may greatly cut down on the cost of a long distance phone call.

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 Reliable Contact
 In the case of an emergency, having a business cell phone allows workers to call their fellow co-
workers at all hours. Availability and ease in contacting workers can get valuable information to
other workers that otherwise might be more difficult to communicate with after hours. A
company cell phone provides a constant avenue for communication.

3.In Education, Research and Development:

Ensuring correct use of cell phones in the classroom starts with teachers setting expectations for
students from the beginning. According to an Edutopia article, “Smartphones: From Toy to Tool,”
teachers should develop, with the help of students, an agreement or contract regarding engagement
and cell phone usage in class. This agreement should clearly outline consequences for misuse of cell
phones in the classroom and for breaking the agreement.

In an article published by the National Education Association, “Using Smartphones in the Classroom,”
teacher Ken Halla discusses how changing the dynamic of classroom instruction can help ensure that
cell phone usage remains academically-focused. Halla makes the case for moving away from the
traditional lecture in front of the classroom approach to teaching to having no front of the classroom at
all. By roaming around the classroom and constantly engaging with students rather than only speaking
to the classroom as a whole from the front of the room, Halla claims that it is much easier to monitor
students and make sure they are staying on task. Halla argues, “It’s harder to do the negative behaviors
when the phones are out and the teacher is walking around. ”Cell phones can be a powerful participation
tool in the classroom. For instance, the website platform Poll Everywhere allows teachers to create poll
questions. Students respond by texting their response to a number, and then live results can instantly
be reviewed by the classroom. This way, a teacher can quickly determine the overall understanding of
a topic and adjust their lesson plan accordingly.

Another way cell phones can boost participation in the classroom is by inviting students to use text
messaging or Twitter to ask questions to the teacher throughout the lesson. Teachers allowing this
mode of participation can encourage students who are more timid or shy to ask the questions, as well
as to ensure that good questions don’t go missed or forgotten. Cell phones can serve as a tool for quick
reference in the classroom. When it comes to double checking spelling, word definitions, or even to look
up alternative word choices, apps like the Merriam-Webster Dictionary App and the Webster’s
Thesaurus App are quick and easy-to-use resources. For students studying foreign languages, there are
many useful foreign dictionary apps available for free, as well as apps such as the Conjugate Spanish
Verbs app that can help students if they are unsure of the right way to conjugate a certain verb.The old
days of looking for information in encyclopedias are long gone.Having cellphone devices in the
classroom allows students instant access to the latest news, information, statistics, etc. Virtually every
question they have is at their fingertips, keeping them connected with what’s going on around them
and ensuring they are always well informed with the most up-to-date information. Many textbooks are
not the most relevant sources of information. Today’s generation has grown accustomed to instant,
updated information. Textbooks can’t provide students with the latest information like a mobile devices
can. Also, having digital textbooks on their mobile devices keeps students more organized and gives
them easy access to their materials. No one likes lugging around big textbooks. Many digital textbooks
are constantly updated and often more vivid, helpful, creative, and a lot cheaper than those old heavy
books.

Additionally, being able to look up news articles online via cell phone is a good way for students to
be able to consult and contribute to meaningful classroom discussion. News-O-Matic is an app that

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covers relevant news of the day through images, maps, videos, and games, and all articles are written
by children writers.

Lastly, cell phones can help students stay organized and on top of tasks, homework, projects, and
deadlines. For example, my Homework App is a cross-platform app that students can access on any
device that offers a convenient and intuitive alternative to the traditional paper planner. Students will
receive notification reminders of upcoming deadlines, and they can easily input new assignments and
projects as they come up.

In terms of keeping notes organized, Evernote is a convenient app that students can use to transcribe
and access their notes across devices. Students can easily type up their notes when they study at home,
and then access them in class on their cell phone by using the app. If a teacher uses the Evernote app,
they can take pictures of their overhead or whiteboard notes and easily share them with students who
are also using the app. This tool can also come in handy for students who, for whatever personal reason,
must miss an extended period of class—teachers can keep them up-to-date on classroom notes.

Even now people can take the results of exams after the publication in a faster way. The
registration of different courses can also be done by smartphone with ease and comfort to ensure
proper growth and mental satisfaction. As per few surveys carried out in a particular domain:
92% of teachers used the cellphones internet to get content, resources and materials for their
teaching.
69% of teachers used the cellphones internet to share their ideas with other teachers.
67% of teachers used the cellphones phones to interact with the parents and 57% are interacts with
their students.
87% of students play games, watching videos and texting during lecture hours.
73% of students are using cellphones phone during their exams.
53% of students bully each another with cellphones phones.
20% of students are using phones for taking pictures and recording other people.
Having a critical look at the data received, it is evident that the technology is put to more of
negative usage by the students but seeing the future prospects if it were used efficiently and in a well-
defined manner then the outcomes are glorious, hence the students should be motivated and directed
to use the technology in a well-planned manner to get something good out of it.

4.In Entertainment:

There was a time when children could convince their parents they needed a cell phone because
wherever they were, they would always be just a phone call away. It's hard for a teenager to use that
excuse now. Today's cell phones are as much portable entertainment devices as they are phones. So
many models boast MP3 players, games, cameras, and even video, some experts say we soon will spend
as much as 80% of the time using our phones for entertainment. This isn't necessarily a bad thing. It
makes some sense to combine applications, especially popular items like MP3 players, with cell phones.
One thing's for sure, though. Whether we want it or not, we're going to get it anyway.

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THE ENTERTAINMENT TRIAD: AUDIO, GAMES, VIDEO

Audio already is well entrenched in cell phones from Motorola, Nokia, Samsung, and other
companies. Most contain an MP3 player with flash memory and can store from about 50 to 100 songs.
Hard-drive models can store thousands of songs. Most of these music cell phones get their downloads
from their PC.Now, Sprint Nextel offers songs for sale directly online. At $1.99 per song, this is expensive
music, given Apple's iTunes $0.99 price. But some users want the convenience of getting their music
here and now. Since MP3 players and music are such hot markets, this will continue to be a valuable
niche for cell phones. Perhaps the biggest development would be an Apple iPod cell phone. With Apple's
continued consumer leanings, don't be surprised.

As for games, most cell phones come with a few, but they're simple and boring, and not many people
play them. More interesting games, however, could attract more attention, especially from the younger
market. Yet because of the small screens and limited controls, cell phones are far from the ideal
platform. Expect the market to turn to more exotic games, though, as video arrives with bigger and
higher-resolution screens. PCbased games don't translate well to phones, so look for a new market
involving video games optimized for small color screens and limited control options.

The ultimate entertainment media is still video. While almost everyone will tell people it's silly to
contemplate TV on a cell phone, that's exactly where we're headed. With its limited resolution and
download speeds that force video into a slower 12- to 15-frame-per-second (fps) mode, the small screen
makes for crummy video.

Just as consumers were upset with snowy and distorted pictures on their TV sets, they will be just as
picky with bad video on a cell phone. Noise, dropped connections, and a poor user experience will put
consumers off more than anything—anything except, perhaps, worse program and content selection.

The Growth of Entertainment and Multimedia Apps for Cell Phones

The primary driver behind the growth of apps for multimedia and entertainment is the ready
availability of high-speed data. The LTE (Long-term Evolution) standard is the fastest growing in the
worldwide telecom industry, with more than 1.5 billion global subscribers as of 2015.
In even developing nations such as India, Philippines, etc. 2G and 3G networks are now slowly being
phased out in favor of 4G, and the market of cheap, value-for-money smartphones with dual-sim and
4G capabilities is at an all-time high.
As a result, professional and user-generated content (YouTube, Dailymotion, Flickr, Blip.tv) which could
only be accessed on the PCs a few years back are now available across multiple devices and phones
through cellphone apps for multimedia. Entertainment applications such as Netflix and Hulu are now at
the forefront of this digital, access-anywhere revolution, with the former now being available in more
than 130 countries, allowing consumers instant access to a wide variety of TV shows and movies. There
are numerous other applications of multimedia in the entertainment field, some examples of which
include -
 OTT (Over-the-top) set-top boxes such as Roku, Boxee, etc. leverage apps for both multimedia and
entertainment, while allowing consumers to stop subscribing to more costly cable TV alternatives
 Internet-connected game consoles such as Xbox One, PS4, etc. also support numerous multimedia
apps for public consumption, and are now all-in-one home entertainment mediums instead of
being used only for gaming

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  Smart TV's from Samsung, Sony, LG, etc. ensure web content can be streamed and viewed
anywhere without the need of a separate smartphone
 High-speed file sharing websites such as Google Drive, OneDrive, Mediafire, etc. are now making it
even simpler to upload and share multimedia with different people, or use the power of the cloud
to access them anywhere on-the-go

Diversity - How Multimedia Applications are set to Rule the Cell Phone Entertainment Industry
Entertainment and multimedia apps have many usages across industry verticals. For example, one
could use smartphones for learning, online collaboration, as a personal music/video player, for video-
on-demand services, watching digital TV, or as an e-book reader. The possibilities are endless, and with
the growth of readily available technology, it is limited only to the developer's creativity to create new
and exciting apps.
Some common entertainment and multimedia applications include -
 Music and Video Entertainment Apps - These include video and audio players which play a variety
of formats - such as remote control applications which play music tracks on computer, apps that
let people buy and sync music from the online stores and other devices, compose and record songs,
personalized radio, digital TV, streaming of live scores and so on. Music and video apps are perhaps
the most glaring example of the rise of multimedia in entertainment, and include notable examples
such as Spotify, TuneIn Radio, Apple Music, Play Music, Groove Music, Pandora, etc.
 GPS and Navigation Based Apps - These include maps and/or provide location-based services such
as, searching for nearby attractions and restaurants, marine navigation and so on. Some common
examples include Google Maps, Apple Maps, Garmin Navigation Suite, Yelp, Zomato, etc.
 Social Networking Apps - These apps allow users to sign-in directly to their favorite social
networking sites and share photos/videos and updates, amongst other things. Notable examples
include Facebook, Twitter, Path, LinkedIn, etc.
 News and Weather Apps - Consumers now have access to the latest news on a regular basis on
their phone or check the weather forecast. Many top news networks and papers give access to
latest news on-the-go, including live streaming access. Most popular news channels and content
aggregators are now available readily on multiple cellphone platforms, including BBC, Reuters,
Flipboard, etc.
 Audiobooks and e-Book Readers - It's the dream of every avid reader to be able to carry a book
without the excess load. Audiobook apps and e-book reader apps on the cellphone phone let the
user do just that, and include features which allow them to translate, annotate, etc. on the go!
Notable apps include Google Play Books, Amazon Kindle, Nook, etc.
 m-Learning Apps – Cell phone learning or m-Learning applications are similar to e-Learning
applications, and allow learners unrestricted access to learning-on-the-go, while using the benefits
of cellphone technology. Popular cellphone learning apps include Tutorials, Atlases, Student
Organizers (letting you plan and schedule classes and assignments), Mini-Encyclopedias, Quiz-
based applications, Converters, Calculators and Dictionaries to name a few. Khan Academy and
Duolingo are but just two of the many cellphone learning apps available out there.

These are the uses of cell phones in our current context of world. The way of influences done by cell
phones are increasing day by day to gain the more competitive advantages.
5. Source Of Wireless Communication:

Wireless communication has become a ubiquitous part of modern life, from global cellular telephone
systems to local and even personal-area networks. This book provides a tutorial introduction to digital
cellphone wireless networks, illustrating theoretical underpinnings with a wide range of real-world
examples. The book begins with a review of propagation phenomena, and goes on to examine channel

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allocation, modulation techniques, multiple access schemes, and coding techniques. GSM and IS-95
systems are reviewed and 2.5G and 3G packet-switched systems are discussed in detail. Performance
analysis and accessing and scheduling techniques are covered, and the book closes with a chapter on
wireless LANs and personal-area networks. Many worked examples and homework exercises are
provided and a solutions manual is available for instructors. The book is an ideal text for electrical
engineering and computer science students taking courses in wireless communications. It will also be
an invaluable reference for practicing engineers.

Wireless communication technology is diffusing around the planet faster than any other
communication technology to date. Because communication is at the heart of human activity in all
domains, the advent of this technology, allowing multimodal communication from anywhere to
anywhere where there is the appropriate infrastructure, is supposed to have profound social effects.
Yet, which kind of effects, under which conditions, for whom and for what is an open question. Indeed,
we know from the history of technology, including the history of the Internet, that people and
organizations end up using the technology for purposes very different of those initially sought or
conceived by the designers of the technology. Furthermore, the more a technology is interactive, and
the more it is likely that the users become the producers of the technology in its actual practice.
Therefore, rather than projecting dreams and fears on the kind of society that will result in the future
from the widespread use of wireless communication, we must root ourselves in the observation of the
present using the traditional, standard tools of scholarly research. People, institutions, and business
have suffered enough from the unwarranted prophecies of futurologists and visionaries that project and
promise whatever comes to their minds on the basis of anecdotal observation and ill understood
developments. Thus, our aim in this report is to ground an informed discussion of the social uses and
social effects of wireless communication technology on what we know currently (2004) in different areas
of the world.

5.In News And Journals:

At the center of the recent growth in cellphone is the rapid embrace by Americans of the tablet
computer. Nearly a quarter of U.S. adults, 22%, now own a tablet device-double the number from a year
earlier. Another 3% of adults regularly use a tablet owned by someone else in their home. And nearly a
quarter of those who don’t have a tablet, 23%, plan to get one in the next six months. Even more U.S.
adults (44%) have smartphones, according to the survey, up from 35% in May 2011.
News remains an important part of what people do on their cellphone devices-64% of tablet owners
and 62% of smartphone owners say they use the devices for news at least weekly, tying news statistically
with other popular activities such email and playing games on tablets and behind only email on
smartphones (not including talking on the phone). This means fully a third of all U.S. adults now get
news on a cellphone device at least once a week. Cellphone users, moreover, are not just checking
headlines on their devices, although nearly all use the devices for the latest new updates. Many also are
reading longer news stories – 73% of adults who consume news on their tablet read in-depth articles at
least sometimes, including 19% who do so daily. Fully 61% of smartphone news consumers at least
sometimes read longer stories, 11% regularly. The impact of cell phone on news and journal issues have
increased rapidly.

6. In Banking And Payment:

Increased Efficiency
As more and more consumers switch to cellphone banking services, financial institutions will be
poised to improve their overall efficiency. For example, the costs associated with a cellphone transaction

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are as much as ten times lower than a standard ATM transaction. Further, the cost of a cellphone phone
transaction can be as much as fifty times lower than an on-site branch transaction. Clearly, this offers a
unique opportunity to both increase efficiency, and to lower operating costs. Banks and credit unions
that are able to move 20% to 30% of their standard transactions to cellphone services will reduce
customer dependency on local branches. In effect, poorly performing branches can be closed, and tellers
can be reassigned to sales and customer advisory positions ultimately resulting in enhanced customer
experience, improvement in overall efficiency, and reduced operating costs.
Moving from Regional to National
Banks offering a full range of cellphone services will be able to expand their operational footprint. No
longer anchored to a single geographical location, they will be able to expand their market and increase
their customer base. This also presents new opportunities to cross-sell and up-sell banking services to
both existing customers, as well as to a larger pool of potential customers. True, the competition for
new customers will become more vigorous, but the potential to expand into other markets and increase
revenues is undeniable.
Improved Access to Products and Services
Cellphone banking appeals to the consumer on the go, which is one of the primary reasons for its
speedy adoption by the public. As mobile banking apps become more sophisticated, and more widely
available, customers will have a greater opportunity to consider all of their financial options when
making any purchase. It will be like having a virtual banker constantly on call. This is a two way street,
so it gives banks and credit unions the ability to engage with their customers in real time. When a good
customer is considering a significant purchase, his or her financial institution will be able to offer
complimentary services, such as financing or insurance, while the transaction is in progress.
Building New Relationships
Mobile banking presents a unique opportunity for banks and credit unions to build a new type of
relationship with retailers and manufacturers. Mobile banking can become more than simply a
convenient way for clients to make purchases. After all, consumers use their mobile devices to research
products and services before they spend their hard earned money. By partnering with the retail sector,
banks can offer select incentives (discounts, coupons, etc.) to their customers before they reach the
ultimate point of sale. A symbiotic relationship with the retail sector gives value to the customer, while
generating a potential new revenue stream.
Leveraging Customer Analytics
Banks and credit unions are in a unique position when it comes to customer analytics as they have a
more informed view of their clients’ spending habits. Information on where customers shop, what they
purchase, and how much they routinely spend, is part and parcel of a client’s banking data. This opens
up a new, and potentially significant, revenue stream. There is a large, and continually growing, market
for consumer intelligence. Customer analytics can be bundled and sold on to retailers and others who
use the data to target certain markets. However, the privacy of the banking client must always remain
paramount. Still, as mobile banking becomes the norm, this type of analytical data bundling can provide
an alternative value stream for banking institutions.
Mobile banking is no longer the niche service that it was five years ago. As smartphones and other
mobile devices become more sophisticated, more and more consumers will turn to mobile services as
their primary method for banking. While the advantages of mobile banking for consumers are obvious,
the benefits to the banking industry are equally significant. As mobile becomes the new norm, financial
intuitions are in the position to improve their customer service and grow their customer base, all while
exploring potential new revenue streams.

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 By the media of Bkash and Dutch Bangla mobile banking the people of Bangladesh are getting more
and more touch towards the easiest way of sending money and taking them back. The rural people are
benefited by these very systems much.

7.Others:
Cell phones also get some other uses. These minor uses carry delivering the legal including formal
information and also suggestions. Bangladesh government has taken the policy to use cell phone as the
source of revenue during college and university admission test. This has made the pain of the students
relieved to almost zero as they don’t have to travel now to different areas for their form fill up and
relevant issues. The impact of cellphone based admission system helped the rural are most.
The introduction of health and agriculture related off tariff service can be a boost up the economy
and health issues in a greater way. The people are now getting government based helps from different
online and offline services to make their small problems solved.
The third point was rider facilities. Soon after the launch of Uber and Pathao many more ride sharing
apps are coming front those are helping the people to make their own journey as a source of income
and also others are being benefited by their journey becoming faster and also comfortable. The cash
flow of revenue has increased because of these services.
The law and crime department has launched their own app to share videos and photos of the criminals
to make their own department reached upto root level of people. The cell phones are also used to track
down cars and bikes by GPS designed modules. The systems of every single sphere of life has changed
because of the impacts of cell phones at every levels. The hilly areas have ot the taste of modern
communication because of cell phone networks.

Negative Impact of Cell Phone on Society:

No single thing on this earth exists without negative impacts. Cell phone brought a new dimension of
working strategy but it has come with a lot of problems which cause great issues now a days. Now a
focus on these points will be made to make a judgement.
1. Health Problems:

Basically, these research works were done by American and European scientists to make a global
awareness about the negative health factors originated from over use of cell phone. Ninety-one percent
of American adults and 60 percent of teens own this device that has revolutionized communication in
the 21st century — the cellphone. Whether someone own an Android, an iPhone, a Blackberry, or a
basic flip phone, chances are people check their phone for messages, alerts, or calls even when their
cellphone device isn't ringing or vibrating, reports a Pew Internet & American Life Project survey. The
modern convenience that cell phones provide is responsible for everyone's increased daily use.
According to the Morningside Recovery Rehabilitation Center, the average American spends 144
minutes a day using his or her phone during a 16-hour period. With an estimated six billion subscriptions
worldwide and counting, cell phones have become one of the fundamental means of communication in
society.
While cell phones provide an efficient and easy way to communicate with friends, family, and co-
workers, excessive use can take a toll on people’s health. Cellphone use transmitting radio waves

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through a series of base stations where radiofrequency waves are electromagnetic fields that cannot
break chemical bonds or cause ionization in the human body, says the World Health Organization
(WHO). Although cellphones are considered to be low-powered radiofrequency transmitters, handset
transmits power when it is on, and therefore it is important to increase the distance from the handset
to reduce radiofrequency exposure. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) suggests cell phone
users to keep a minimum distance of 20 centimeters from their handset to significantly reduce radiation
exposure. Adults and especially children can suffer the long-term effects of radiation waves on the brain.
"Young children particularly need to be careful," Dr. Devra Davis, director for environmental oncology
at the University of Pittsburgh, told CNN.com. "We do not have enough information nor do we have
enough time to be sure that cell phones are safe, and there's reason for concern that they may be
harmful," she said. The University of Pittsburgh also warned its faculty and staff to limit their cell phone
use due to the possible cancer risks.

Negatively Affects Emotions

The presence of a cell phone while two or more people are talking face-to-face can generate negative
feelings toward the person who has his or her device visible. In two studies conducted at the University
of Essex in the United Kingdom, researchers studied the effects of a mobile device during a nose-to-
nose conversation. In the first study, 37 pairs of strangers were asked to spend 10 minutes talking to
each other about an interesting event that happened in their lives within the past month. Half of the
participants were seated in a secluded area with a mobile device present on a desk nearby whereas the
other half remained without a cellphone. The results of the study showed that those who had a mobile
device nearby were perceived less positive by the stranger, compared to the other participants without
a cell phone present.
In the second study, researchers included 34 different pairs of strangers who were asked to discuss
trivial topics while others were asked to discuss significant events that occurred in their life. Half of the
participants chatted with a mobile device while with the stranger and the other half had a notebook.
The results of the study showed that those who spoke about significant events in their lives with a
notebook present experienced a feeling of closeness and trust in the stranger, unlike those with a cell
phone. "These results demonstrate that the presence of mobile phones can interfere with human
relationships, an effect that is the most clear when individuals are discussing personally meaningful
topics," said the researchers of the study.

Increases Stress Levels

The high frequency of cell phone use can have negative effects on our stress levels. The constant
ringing, vibrating alerts, and reminders can put a cell phone user on edge. In a study conducted at the
University of Gothenburg, Sweden, researchers examined if there is a direct link between the
psychosocial aspects of cell phone use and mental health symptoms in young adults. The participants of
the study included 20 to 24 year olds who responded to a questionnaire, in addition to a one-year follow-
up. Researchers found high mobile phone use was associated with stress and sleep disturbances for
women, whereas high mobile phone use was associated with sleep disturbances and symptoms of

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depression in men. Overall, excessive cell phone use can be a risk factor for mental health issues in
young adults.

Increases Risk Of Illnesses In Immune System

The incessant touching of cell phone can harbor germs on handset. The greasy, oily residue may be
seen on cellphones after a day's use can contain more disease-prone germs than those found on a toilet
seat. In a study conducted at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and Queen Mary,
University of London, researchers sampled 390 cell phones and hands to measure for levels of bacteria.
The results of the study showed that 92 percent of the cell phones sampled had bacteria on them — 82
percent of hands had bacteria — and 16 percent of cell phones and hands had E. Coli. Fecal matter can
easily be transferred by cell phones from one person to another.

Increases Risk Of Chronic Pain

Cell phones require constant use of user’s hands, especially when sending text messages and e-mails.
Responding to messages at rapid speed can cause pain and inflammation of joints. Back pain is also
common with increased cell phone use, especially if someone holds the phone between his neck and
shoulders as they multitask. "Long periods of cell phone use cause a person to arch the neck and hold
body in a strange posture. This can lead to back pain," says Healthcentral.com.

Increases Risk Of Eye Vision Problems

Staring at mobile device can cause problems in vision later in life. Screens on mobile devices tend to
be smaller than computer screens, which means people are more likely to squint and strain their eyes
while reading messages. According to The Vision Council, more than 70 percent of Americans don't
know or are in denial that they are susceptible to digital eye strain.

In Bangladesh the amount of people with cell phone related diseases have increased to an alarming
level. It often creates the sense that the western effects have also entered the Asian lifestyle already.
No matter what type of exposure comes to front the impact was totally higher.

2. Obstacle for Socialization:

Losing ties with family
Often it is seen that people are getting outside their family because of the negative impacts of cell
phones. During the time people are at home they are busy with web browsing and social media issues.
A kind of robotic feeling has gathered. Even parents are ignored during the use of cell phones for
entertainment purposes. Nonetheless the tie between siblings are not like that was in the past and the
reason behind this is over use of smartphones.

Mobile phone defines social class.

There was a time when rich people tend to use their appearances, communication skills and car
models to differentiate them from others. Now the inclusion of mobile phone in that list has only
increased the distance between different classes. Let’s draw a situation for instance. Someone has just

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bought an IPhone 6 from a renowned shop (AWESOME!). Next to him another person is trying to buy
an IPhone 5c and others saw that transaction. What will he think in that very moment? Will the person
sigh on him? Scientists believe, most of the people (99%) will feel superior and proud in that moment,
because the society and corporates taught us to feel like that. And that superiority feeling doesn’t stop
there, it leads to division of our root
society on larger scale.

Mobile Phones have more apps. So people remain busy

Remaining busy is not a bad thing at all. It helps us to be productive and resilient to bad habits. But
remaining busy with smartphone’s unnecessary apps and ignoring the social contract is not good at all.
Spending time with friends, family and stranger can strengthen the social bond. But smartphone apps
and games are somehow making the social distances larger. For example, if anyone hops on a bus in
Korea or Japan he will see that 80% of the passengers are doing something with their smartphone apps.
They will not show any interest to talk even others are willing to.

Mobile phone helps to create new relationships. So old relations break

Mobile phone is very much responsible for destroying our old relationship. Although it sounds
strange but the true fact cannot be denied. Mobile phone makes it so easy to create new relationship
that one or two call is enough for someone to make a new girlfriend. However the married couples are
facing the greatest miseries of all. In western and Asian countries everyone will find that the court of
marriage is full of divorce requests, where most stories involves with cheating one another. This
constant changes in our relationship status can create social instability which actually grows over time.
As a result, many people try to avoid the social relationship and even remain unmarried over their life.

Mobile phone keeps people busy in job and business

Think about this situation - peope are in first date of their life and suddenly their boss or business
partner call them for important reason. Surely theirr girlfriend will not like that. However mobile phone
makes business dealings easier but it also leaves a dark spot in our important relationships.

Mobile phone Discourages social gathering

Social gathering is becoming a rare occurrence in present societies. As the mobile communication has
developed largely with extreme reliability, people tend to finish their social communications over
phone. Moreover, smartphones with other inbuilt apps like Facebook and twitter has made the
communication so easy that people can spend their whole day by sitting at home without caring about
social gathering. As a result people become unsocial and less communicative which is not good for a
society.
So, by these ways cell phones are affecting the social life to a great extent.
3. Over Social Media Usage:
A research showed up that new youth generation has got facebook account by 12 years on Europe
and 13 on U.S.A and in Asia it has become 15. It’s an alarming situation. People are getting away from
social bonding and creating more and more social breakdown.
In holidays and even in normal working days people are contacting each other by texting through
social media and other platforms. The spread out of adult content and immoral things are being viral

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here. Also, the issues that are controversial are made further dangerous by using social media. The
impact seems to be more when police found the gang group of Uttara in Facebook and also the serial
killing with revenges regarding these matters. The school and college going students are getting
attached to relationship through social media and these are creating a higher volume of impact on their
career, personal and social life.
Even exam questions are being leaked because of the impact of social media and modern
smartphones. These issues almost make the education system collapsed to almost a level of below
standard. The effect of cell phone with respect to social media is alarmimg.

4. Cyber Crime:
The latest burning issue of Bangladesh is the murder of Tanisha by her boyfriend Adnan after they
met at restaurant. Police are not even able to make a clear concept about the fact of murder. Day by
day murder, threats and harassment by social and online means through cell phones are increasing. The
Values and inner qualities of people has degraded because of the addiction to cell phones.

Vishing

Vishing is the act of using the telephone in an attempt to scam the user into surrendering
private information that will be used for identity theft. The scammer usually pretends to be a
legitimate business, and fools the victim into thinking he or she will profit.

Smishing

Smishing is a security attack in which the user is tricked into downloading a Trojan horse, virus
or other malware onto his cellular phone or other mobile device. smishing is short for “SMS
phishing.” Just like phishing, smishing uses cell phone text messages to lure consumers in. Often
the text will contain an URL or phone number. The phone number often has an automated voice
response system. And again just like phishing, the smishing message usually asks for your
immediate attention. In many cases, the smishing message will come from a “5000” number
instead of displaying an actual phone number. This usually indicates the SMS message was sent
via email to the cell phone, and not sent from another cell phone.

Lottery Scams

A lottery scam is a type of advance-fee fraud which begins with an unexpected email
notification, phone call, or mailing (sometimes including a large check) explaining that “You have
won!” a large sum of money in a lottery.

5. Pornography:

Throughout the last year Bangladeshi newspapers were full of pornography related issues
which causes rape, murders and suicides. Most of the videos leaked were made by smartphones
and the transmitting medium was also shared by smartphone. The data and info rmation showed
only 20% of the real cases came up and if only 20% can be so huge so what’s the actual figure no
one can imagine even. Life, family respects and career are getting destroyed by this and in all
mean smartphone is involved. Now, kids as young as ten are getting their first mobile phones and
finding it all too easy to log onto 18+ sites. It wasn't always this way, for the ownership of a mobile
phone once denoted a sense of responsibility. It represented a key step in coming of age and granted

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independence in the sense that the youth could organize their own plans. Now, phones are increasingly
used to browse the Internet and it's through this portal that adult content is all too easy to access.
Through exposure at a young age, you or a close acquaintance may have been sucked into one of the
fastest growing addictions in our digital age: Internet pornography addiction. While some wouldn't see
themselves as an addict by visiting adult sites on a weekly basis, they're often unaware of just how much
long-term effect graphic videos and images have.

6.Psychological Effects of Cell Phones

Anxiety and mood disorders – Cell phones, especially smartphones have an addictive quality which can
gradually lead to mental disorders. A study on mobile phone and technology addiction reveals that using
your device throughout the whole day is dangerous for your mental health. It can make you feel uneasy
and irritable if your phone is not with you, you might lose interest in other functions and can feel alone
or anxious when you can’t receive or send a message instantly. According to researchers, women and
adolescents are more prone to this type of mood disorder.

Sleep disturbances – Mobile phone addiction is also connected with a rise in fatigue and sleep disorders
in users. It may seem like your phone provides a way to de-stress before bed, but the blue light of the
screen can actually have the opposite effect. The brain can be activated by the light emitted from the
mobile phone, and this can make it harder to fall asleep and more difficult to get good quality sleep.

Relationship issues – It’s easy for your mobile phone to become more important than the people around
you. Do you find yourself checking social media during dinner? Do you or someone you know start
checking text messages in the middle of a face-to-face conversation? Romantic relationships, family
relationships and friendships can suffer as a result of overuse of social media and mobile phones. It can
lead to poor communication, rigid boundaries, dishonesty in a relationship, high levels of conflict and
negativity, and social isolation.

7. Harm for study:

More Convenience
Mobile phones are undeniably convenient. Because of mobile phones, students never have to look
for a pay phone or wonder about the location of a friend. These ubiquitous communication tools allow
students to reach their peers and their parents instantly. Everything from ordering a pizza to calling to
check movie times is easier with a cell phone, as the communication device you need is right at your
finger tips.
Greater Technology Availability
Picture-taking and Internet surfing are readily available on most cell phones. This aids students in
gathering the information that they need for school or accessing their email or school website. Students
benefit from this technology availability as it allows them to create more polished academic products
with less effort than before the ready availability of cell phones.
Improved Personal Security
Many parents argue that cell phones keep students safe. A parent is never more than a phone call
away when a students is carrying their cell phone. The presence of a cell phone also ensures that
students can call parents or emergency personnel in the case of an unforeseen emergency. While most
students will never have to use their cellphone as a safety device, the knowledge that it could be used
as such puts parents at ease and keeps them paying the monthly cell phone bill.

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More Distractions
The biggest lament of teachers in regards to cell phones is that they lead to student distraction and
off task behavior. Texting a friend is a tempting diversion that many students select over listening to a
lecture or completing a class assignment. If not silenced, cell phones can ring during class, drawing
everyone's attention away from the lesson and disrupting the flow of learning. Many teachers worry
that this added distraction negatively impacts students' school performance as it stops them from
dedicating their full attention to their studies.
8.Ability to Engage in Inappropriate Behaviors
While useful, many of the features of cell phones can also be used to engage in inappropriate
behaviors. Taking inappropriate pictures and then “sexting” them to a boyfriend or girlfriend is a
growing problem. These pictures often end up in the wrong hands, which leads to others gaining access
to the private photos. Teens often fail to recognize the long-term implications of inappropriate behavior
and engage in the behavior without considering the consequences. The consequences for inappropriate
behavior are real and long-lasting. Once distributed, sexted photos are almost impossible to contain.
The presence of these racy photos can limit the teens options in the future and severely mar their
reputations.

9.Terrorism:

Now a days cell phone became a source of terrorism. Terrorists are encrypting cell phones as bombs
and also as other explosives and media for mass destruction. Even years ago the fundamentalist groups
spread spam and other issues with their app related platforms to create panic. The persons who are
being kidnapped are made free by their family after paying money and the whole system is completed
by a cell phone. Even false phone calls are being made to create disturbed mentality inside people. Even
the youths are being attached to the crime upto a great extent.

 End-to-End Encryption
 Full Device Encryption
 Opsec Methods

Encryption in the Age of al-Qa`ida

In the years after 9/11 U.S. intelligence intercepts helped thwart a string of al-Qa`ida plots, including
the 2006 transatlantic airplane plot, a plot by al-Qa`ida-linked terrorists to bomb U.S. soldiers in
Germany the following year, and the 2009 plot by Najibullah Zazi to bomb New York. Well before the
2013 Snowden revelations of NSA capabilities, the earlier NSA successes, widely reported on in the
media at the time, resulted in the group increasingly moving toward encrypted communications.

The above data and analysis showed the serious death threatening impact of cell phones on social
life and security. In fact many prime ministers even almost got killed because of cell phone terrorism.
Powerful countries often try to make secret info of developing countries to be hacked by cell phone
related encryption.

Besides these there are many problems from the cell phone issues but these are not so vital and also
the gravity may be ignored to make the social concept of cell phone kept at a reasonable state.

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10.Virtual Impact:

Now people don’t even care about the responsibility towards the society and family. Rather than
making a meeting up in any serious matter they just send a text by message or facebook. No matter
what is the gravity of problem the amount of dependency on digital cell phones has increased more and
more. Students now love to spend more time in gaming rather than spending time with friends. The
mainstream value of society has already been decayed to the lowest grade. A situation has come which
is not improving rather becoming more violent day by day.

The emotional part of human being has already been reached to the bottom of moral feelings. No
people are seen to make a count in real life after the virtual life impact.

11. Life Threatening Gaming:

Blue whales, one year ago this was the most dangerous topic for gamers in case of name and fame.
Though the game was only available in dark web but the number of death caused by blue whales actually
showed the amount of teenagers who are getting accessed to dark web are not very few rather they are
increasing. The number of death because of violent online gaming has reached the topmost part of the
society. Clash on clans, candy crush saga, GTA and other heavy games are causing the youth to take
game characters as real life role model and so the problems are becoming higher than ever imagined.

The level of impact will be soon reaching the deepest level if not controlled.

Comparative Analysis of Positive and Negative Impacts:

Everything has got some positive and some negative points to carry against the quality it possesses.
The positive sides of cell phones help people to keep on continuous advancement on family, social,
economic, commercial fields but it also made people robot by social media and media related issues.
Now for the greater good of human being cell phones can’t be ignored or they can’t be removed so
there should be a limitation on the uses.

Till now the uses of cell phone on positive sides are more than the negative sides. So, the necessity
of cell phones in near future will increase further more because of constant upgradation of networking
and technology. Even now a days the people of all area can access services like google drive, one drive
and other cloud based service by dint of cell phone innovation. Therefore, the government should try
to make a guideline on cell phone usage and also proper laws for misuse of technology.

The government has now made cyber crime and other laws to protect the common people from a
group of impractical people. This law already prevented social harassment, data traffic control and
online terrorism. Furthermore, the area of modern monitoring system has made it possible to track the
location of marked suspected criminals. So, by comparing all these facts we should put our brain to
improve the service of positive impacts and remove the negative ones to make a perfect count.

Conclusion:

The invention of cell phones has created a dynamic environment in case of communication and
also brought radical changes within two decades. Years ago which can’t be imagined in dreams
these things are now possible without any confusion. Maybe the speed of light is only ahead of
the speed of expansion of cellular technology. The impact of cellular phone can’t be expressed in
words upto any level. Everyone is awaiting for the next decision regarding the launch of 5g in

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different countries. However, the impact of further more advanced technology will bring more
changes to the lifestyle and other things but never ever the cellular technology should be misused
for any negative thing.

Cell phone is binding us for the greater benefits of our modern world. The impact and result
that cell phone made in both positive and negative ways are on the verge of creating a new
dimension in the social and national field. The brightest part is people are now spreading
awareness about the negative impact and so the next times the impacts will be more on the
positive sides can be imagined and expected with hope. It’s an important technology created by
man. So, man will control it for the greater good of mankind.

References:

 https://newatlas.com/mobile-pnone-40-year-anniversary-photos/25677/
 https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/family-tech/tech-effects-on-family/5-ways-
technology-has-negatively-affected-families.htm
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_banking
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phone
 http://www.knowyourmobile.com/nokia/nokia-3310/19848/history-mobile-phones-
1973-2008-handsets-made-it-all-happen
 http://slccocsw.org/effects-smartphone-social-media-overuse-romantic-relationships/
 https://www.netnanny.com/blog/the-damaging-effects-of-internet-pornography/
 https://aptparenting.com/effects-of-cell-phones-on-teenagers
 https://www.yourtango.com/experts/miss-gina-gardiner/5-ways-cell-phone-can-ruin-
your-life
 https://www.verywellfamily.com/negative-effects-of-too-much-cell-phone-use-621152

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