4/25/2018----Competitive Exams : Atomic Structure- Translation in Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Sindhi, Sindhi, Tamil, Telgu -

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Competitive Exams: Atomic Structure Translate

Atomic Structure
In 1809, Dalton suggested that atom is the smallest particle of the element and it is
indivisible.

But in the beginning of 20th century Rutherford, J.J. Thomson and more suggested that
atom is divisible and made up of electrically charged particles.

Electron
The electron is a fundamental particle of an atom which carries a unit negative charge.

It was discovered by J.J. Thomson in 1897.

Proton
It is a fundamental particle of an atom carrying a unit: positive charge.

It was discovered by Rutherford and Goldstein in 1886.

Neutron
It is a fundamental particle of an atom carrying no charge.

It was discovered by Chadwick in 1932.

Properties of Cathode Rays

They travel in straight: lines.

They cast shadow of solid objects placed in their path.

They cause mechanical motion, i.e., they consists of material particles.

They carry negative charge.

These rays are deflected when magnetic field is applied on them.

They produce heating effect.

They cause ionization of gas through which they pass.

They affect the photographic plates.

They have penetrating power.

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4/25/2018----Competitive Exams : Atomic Structure- Translation in Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Sindhi, Sindhi, Tamil, Telgu -
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Properties of Anode Rays

They travel in straight lines, however, their speed in much less than that of cathode rays.

They are made up of material particles.

They are positively charged.

They deflect in electric and magnetic field.

Properties of Nucleus
Nucleus of an atom consists of protons and neutrons, which are collectively known as
nucleons.

Density of nucleus is enormous and is of order of 1014 g/cm.

Instability of the nucleus is due to high neutron proton ratio.

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