Hazardous Locations Definitions

UL’s HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS SERVICES
-Over 75 Years of Worldwide HazLoc Certifications-
333 PFINGSTEN ROAD

NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2096
+ 1-847-272-8800, Ext. 42326 (phone)
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Contents
Topic Section
UL’s Hazardous Locations Services 1
Class I Technical Overview 2
Class II Technical Overview 3
Class III Technical Overview 4
Comparison of U.S. & Canadian Class I, II & III Division Markings 5
Comparison of U.S. & Canadian Class I Division-based Zone Markings 6
Comparison of U.S., Canadian, IEC & European IEC-based Zone Markings 7
List of U.S. Certification Documents with Titles 8
List of Canadian Certification Documents with Titles 9
List of IEC Certification Documents with Titles 10
List of European Certification Documents with Titles 11
Enclosure Type and IP Code Designations 12
Canadian Certification Program 13
General Overview of European Directives 14
COPYRIGHT © 1999 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. 

HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS, NORTHBROOK, IL USA
Page 2 of 53
Section 1
UL’s Hazardous Locations

Services

Page 3 of 53
UL’s HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS SERVICES
Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) is the leading third-party product safety certification organization
in the United States and the largest in North America. Since its founding in 1894, UL has played a key
role in the U.S. Safety System. For more than 100 years, UL has dedicated itself to public safety, and
the UL Mark has become America‟s most familiar safety symbol.
In addition to domestic safety certification, UL can assist manufacturers who plan to enter foreign
markets by helping them understand and meet international safety requirements and obtain product
export approvals.
Through cooperative arrangements with many international standard, testing, certification or quality
registration organizations, UL can evaluate products to other countries‟ standards and facilitate
acceptance by multiple certification organizations with one product submittal. “One-Stop-Shopping”
can provide you with certification for the U.S., Canada, Europe, Brazil and many other countries
throughout the globe.
In summary, UL can assist manufacturers of equipment for use in hazardous locations with the
following services:
 Certification of equipment for the U.S. and Canadian Division and Zone area classification
systems.
 Local testing to CENELEC (European Norm) standards and assistance in obtaining the CE
Marking and Epsilon-X Mark and associated Certificates of Conformity through DEMKO
A/S, UL's wholly-owned subsidiary, as well as through other European Notified Bodies such
as KEMA, LCIE and PTB.
 Testing to Brazilian requirements for the INMETRO Mark through UC (formerly UCIEE) in
Sao Paulo, Brazil.
 Classification of equipment to the IEC requirements for explosive gas atmospheres.
 Ingress protection (IP) enclosure testing in accordance with the international standard IEC
60529 or the CENELEC (European Norm) standard EN60529.
 Evaluation of products for compliance to FCC regulations and European EMC Directives.
(Check out UL's EMC Services).
 Field evaluation of products or systems already installed.
 Evaluation of products in accordance with many U.S. federal regulations such as for the U.S.
Coast Guard.
 Motor efficiency verification in accordance with IEEE 112 and CSA C390.
 Evaluation of motor repair shops in accordance with our Hazardous Locations Rebuilt Motor
Program.
 Evaluation of industrial control panel shops in accordance with our Hazardous Locations
Panel Program.
 Certification of products or systems in accordance with National Fire Protection Association
(NFPA) requirements.

Page 4 of 53
Section 2
Class I Technical Overview

(flammable gases, vapors or liquids)

Page 5 of 53
Class I Area Classifications
Division 1: Zone 0:
Where ignitable concentrations of flammable Where ignitable concentrations of flammable

gases, vapors or liquids can exist all of the gases, vapors or liquids are present
time or some of the time under normal continuously or for long periods of time under
operating conditions. normal operating conditions.
Zone 1:
Where ignitable concentrations of flammable

gases, vapors or liquids are likely to exist
under normal operating conditions.
Division 2: Zone 2:
Where ignitable concentrations of flammable Where ignitable concentrations of flammable

gases, vapors or liquids are not likely to exist gases, vapors or liquids are not likely to exist
under normal operating conditions. under normal operating conditions.

Page 6 of 53
Class I, Division 1
A Class I, Division 1 location is a location where ignitable concentrations of flammable
gases, vapors or liquids:
1. can exist under normal operating conditions;
2. may exist frequently because of repair or maintenance operations or leakage; or
3. may exist because of equipment breakdown that simultaneously causes the

equipment to become a source of ignition.
Class I, Division 2
A Class I, Division 2 location is a location:
1. where volatile flammable liquids or flammable gases or vapors exist, but are
normally confined within closed containers;
2. where ignitable concentrations of gases, vapors or liquids are normally prevented

by positive mechanical ventilation; or
3. adjacent to a Class I, Division 1 location where ignitable concentrations might be

occasionally communicated.

Page 7 of 53
Class I, Zone 0
A Class I, Zone 0 location is a location where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases,
vapors or liquids:
1. are present continuously; or
2. are present for long periods of time.
Class I, Zone 1
A Class I, Zone 1 location is a location:
1. where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases, vapors or liquids are likely to

exist under normal operating conditions;
2. where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases, vapors or liquids may exist

frequently because of repair or maintenance operations or leakage; or
3. where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases, vapors or liquids may exist

because of equipment breakdown that simultaneously causes the equipment to
become a source of ignition; or
4. adjacent to a Class I, Zone 0 location from which ignitable concentrations could be

communicated.
Class I, Zone 2
A Class I, Zone 2 location is a location:
1. where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases, vapors or liquids are not likely
to occur in normal operation or, if they do occur, will exist only for a short period;
2. where volatile flammable liquids or flammable gases or vapors exist, but are
normally confined within closed containers;
3. where ignitable concentrations of gases, vapors or liquids are normally prevented

by positive mechanical ventilation; or
4. adjacent to a Class I, Zone 1 location from which ignitable concentrations could be

communicated.

Page 8 of 53
Class I Groups
Division 1 and 2 Zone 0, 1 and 2
A
(acetylene)
IIC
(acetylene & hydrogen)
B
(hydrogen)
C IIB
(ethylene) (ethylene)
D IIA
(propane) (propane)

Page 9 of 53
Class I Temperature Codes
Division 1 and 2 Zone 0, 1 and 2
T1 (< 450C) T1 (< 450C)
T2 (< 300C) T2 (< 300C)
T2A, B, C, D ---
(< 280C, < 260C, < 230C, < 215C)
T3 (< 200C) T3 (< 200C)
T3A, B, C ---
(< 180C, < 165C, < 160C)
T4 (< 135C) T4 (< 135C)
T4A (< 120C) ---
T5 (< 100C) T5 (< 100C)
T6 (< 85C) T6 (< 85C)

Page 10 of 53
Class I, Division 1 and 2
Protection Methods
Applicable Certification
Area Protection Methods Documents
U.S. Canada
Division 1  Explosionproof UL1203 CSA-30
 Intrinsically Safe (2 fault) UL913 CSA-157
 Purged/Pressurized (Type X or Y) NFPA496 NFPA496
Division 2  Hermetically Sealed UL 1604 CSA-213

 Nonincendive UL 1604 CSA-213
 Non-Sparking UL 1604 CSA-213
 Purged/Pressurized (Type Z) NFPA496 NFPA496
 Sealed Devices UL 1604 CSA-213
 Any Class I, Division 1 method --- ---
 Any Class I, Zone 0, 1 or 2 UL 2279 CSA-E79
method Series

Page 11 of 53
Class I, Zone 0, 1 and 2
Protection Methods
Applicable Certification Documents
Area Protection Methods
U.S. Canada IEC Europe
Zone 0  Intrinsically Safe (2 fault), „ia‟ UL2279, Pt. 11 CSA-E79-11 IEC60079-11 EN50020
 Class I, Division 1 Intrinsically Safe (2 fault) UL913 CSA-157 --- ---
Zone 1  Encapsulation, „m‟ UL2279, Pt. 18 CSA-E79-18 IEC60079-18 EN50028

 Flameproof, „d‟ UL2279, Pt. 1 CSA-E79-1 IEC60079-1 EN50018
 Increased Safety, „e‟ UL2279, Pt. 7 CSA-E79-7 IEC60079-7 EN50019
 Intrinsically Safe (1 fault), „ib‟ UL2279, Pt. 11 CSA-E79-11 IEC60079-11 EN50020
 Oil immersion, „o‟ UL2279, Pt. 6 CSA-E79-6 IEC60079-6 EN50015
 Powder Filling, „q‟ UL2279, Pt. 5 CSA-E79-5 IEC60079-5 EN50017
 Purged/Pressurized, „p‟ --- CSA-E79-2 IEC60079-2 EN50016
 Any Class I, Zone 0 method --- --- --- ---
--- --- --- ---
 Any Class I, Division 1 method
Zone 2  Nonincendive, „nC‟ UL2279, Pt. 15 CSA-E79-15 IEC60079-15 EN50021

 Non-Sparking, „nA‟ UL2279, Pt. 15 CSA-E79-15 IEC60079-15 EN50021
 Restricted Breathing, „nR‟ UL2279, Pt. 15 CSA-E79-15 IEC60079-15 EN50021
 Hermetically Sealed, „nC‟ UL2279, Pt. 15 CSA-E79-15 IEC60079-15 EN50021
 Energy Limited, „nC‟
(„nL‟ for Europe) UL2279, Pt. 15 CSA-E79-15 IEC60079-15 EN50021
 Simplified pressurization, „nP‟ --- --- --- EN50021
 Any Class I, Zone 0 or 1 method --- --- --- ---
 Any Class I, Division 1 or 2 method --- --- --- ---

Page 12 of 53
Section 3
Class II Technical Overview

(combustible dusts)

Page 13 of 53
Class II Area Classifications
Division 1:
Where ignitable concentrations of
combustible dusts can exist all of the
time or some of the time under
normal operating conditions.
Division 2:
Where ignitable concentrations of
combustible dusts are not likely to
exist under normal operating
conditions.
Class II, Division 1

A Class II, Division 1 location is a location where:
1. ignitable concentrations of combustible dust can exist in the air under
normal operating conditions;
2. ignitable concentrations of combustible dust may exist because of equipment
breakdown that simultaneously causes the equipment to become a source of
ignition; or
3. electrically conductive combustible dusts may be present in hazardous
quantities.
Class II, Division 2

A Class II, Division 2 location is a location where:
1. combustible dust is not normally in the air in ignitable concentrations;
2. dust accumulations are normally insufficient to interfere with normal
operation of electrical equipment;
3. dust may be in suspension in the air as the result of infrequent
malfunctioning of equipment; or
4. dust accumulation may be sufficient to interfere with safe
dissipation of heat or may be ignitable by abnormal
operation.

Page 14 of 53
Class II Groups
Division 1 and 2
E (metals - Div. 1 only)
F (coal)
G (grain)
Class II Temperature Codes

Division 1 and 2
T1 (< 450C)
T2 (< 300C)
T2A, B, C, D
(< 280C, < 260C, < 230C, < 215C)
T3 (< 200C)
T3A, B, C
(< 180C, < 165C, < 160C)
T4 (< 135C)
T4A (< 120C)
T5 (< 100C)
T6 (< 85C)

Page 15 of 53
Class II, Division 1 and 2
Protection Methods
U.S. Canada
Division 1  Dust-Ignitionproof UL1203 CSA-25*
 Intrinsically Safe UL913 CSA-157
 Pressurized NFPA496 NFPA496
Division 2  Dusttight UL1604 CSA-157

 Nonincendive UL1604 ---
 Non-Sparking UL1604 ---
 Pressurized NFPA496 NFPA496
 Any Class II, Division 1 method --- ---
*Note: As an alternative to this standard, CSA-E1241-1-1 can be used.

Page 16 of 53
Section 4
Class III Technical Overview

(ignitable fibers & flyings)

Page 17 of 53
Class III Area Classification
Division 1:
Where easily ignitable fibers or materials
producing combustible flyings are handled,
manufactured or used.
Division 2:
Where easily ignitable fibers are stored or
handled.
Class III Groups

Division 1 and 2
None

Page 18 of 53
Class III Temperature Codes*
Division 1 and 2
None
*Note: Article 503 of the NEC limits the

maximum temperature for Class III
equipment to 165ºC for equipment not
subject to overloading and to 120ºC for
equipment that may be overloaded.
Class III, Division 1 and 2

Protection Methods
U.S. Canada


Page 19 of 53
Section 5
Comparison of U.S. & Canadian

Division Markings

Page 20 of 53
Class I, II and III,
Division 1 and 2 Markings
U.S. Canada
a) Class I Class II Class III Class I Class II Class III
b) Division 1 or 2 Division 1 or 2
c) Groups Groups No Groups Groups No

A-D E-G Groups A-D E-G Groups
d) Temperature Codes T1 - T6 Temperature Codes T1 - T6
a) Indicates explosive gas, vapors or liquids (Class I), combustible dust (Class II) or ignitable
fibers and flyings (Class III).
b) Indicates likelihood that explosive atmosphere is present when the equipment is operating.
c) Indicates the ignition - related properties of the explosive atmosphere.
d) Indicates the maximum surface temperature of the equipment under normal operating
conditions.

Page 21 of 53
Section 6
Comparison of U.S. & Canadian

Division-based Zone Markings

Page 22 of 53
Class I, Zone 0, 1 and 2
Division-based Zone Markings
U.S. Canada
a) Class I Class I
b) Zone 0, 1 or 2 Zone 0, 1 or 2
c) Groups A - D Groups A - D
d) Temperature Codes T1 - T6 Temperature Codes T1 - T6
a) Indicates explosive gas, vapors or liquids.
b) Indicates likelihood that explosive atmosphere is present when the equipment is operating.
c) Indicates the ignition - related properties of the explosive atmosphere.
d) Indicates the maximum surface temperature of the equipment under normal operating
conditions.

Page 23 of 53
Section 7
Comparison of U.S., Canadian, IEC &

European IEC-based Zone Markings

Page 24 of 53
IEC-based
Zone 0, 1 and 2 Markings
U.S. Canada IEC Europe
a) Class I Class I (optional) -- --
b) Zone 0, 1 or 2 Zone 0, 1 or 2 -- --
(optional)
c) "AEx" symbol* "Ex" symbol "Ex" symbol "EEx" symbol
d) Protection Method Protection Method Protection Method Protection Method

symbol(s) symbol(s) symbol(s) symbol(s)
e) Gas Groups Gas Groups Gas Groups Gas Groups

II, IIA, IIB or IIC II, IIA, IIB or IIC II, IIA, IIB or IIC II, IIA, IIB or IIC
f) Temperature Codes Temperature Codes Temperature Codes Temperature Codes

T1 - T6 T1 - T6 T1 - T6 T1 - T6
a) Indicates explosive gas atmospheres.
b) Indicates likelihood that explosive gas atmosphere is present when the equipment is operating.
c) Symbol for apparatus for use in explosive atmospheres. Internationally (including the U.S.* and
Canada), the symbol "Ex" is used. In Europe only, the symbol "EEx" is used.
d) Symbol(s) indicating the method of protection used to prevent ignition of the explosive gas
atmospheres.
e) Indicates the ignition - related properties of the explosive gas atmospheres.
f) Indicates the maximum surface temperature of the equipment under normal operating conditions.
*Note - The 1999 NEC requires the symbol "AEx" instead of "Ex" on all IEC-based Zone
equipment.

Page 25 of 53
Section 8
List of U.S. Certification Documents

Page 26 of 53
Applicable UL Hazardous Locations
Certification Documents
UL 583 Electric-Battery-Powered Industrial Trucks
ANSI/UL 674 Electric Motors and Generators for Use in Division 1 Hazardous (Classified)
Locations
ANSI/UL 698 Industrial Control Equipment for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations
UL 698A Industrial Control Panels Relating to Hazardous (Classified) Locations
ANSI/UL 781 Portable Electric Lighting Units for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations
ANSI/UL 783 Electric Flashlights and Lanterns for Use in Hazardous (Classified)
Locations
ANSI/UL 823 Electric Heaters for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations
ANSI/UL 844 Electric Lighting Fixtures for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations
ANSI/UL 877 Circuit Breakers and Circuit-Breaker Enclosures for Use in Hazardous
(Classified) Locations
ANSI/UL 886 Outlet Boxes and Fittings for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations
ANSI/UL 894 Switches for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations
ANSI/UL 913 Intrinsically Safe Apparatus and Associated Apparatus for Use in Class I, II,
and III, Division 1, Hazardous (Classified) Locations
ANSI/UL 1002 Electrically Operated Valves for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations
ANSI/UL 1010 Receptacle-Plug Combinations for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations
ANSI/UL 1067 Electrically Conductive Equipment and Materials for Use in Flammable
Anesthetizing Locations
ANSI/UL 1203 Explosion-Proof and Dust-Ignition-Proof Electrical Equipment for Use in

Hazardous (Classified) Locations
ANSI/UL 1207 Sewage Pumps for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations

Page 27 of 53
Applicable UL Hazardous Locations
Certification Documents (Cont.)
UL 1604 Electrical Equipment for Use in Class I and II, Division 2, and Class III
Hazardous (Classified) Locations
ANSI/UL 2208 Solvent Distillation Units
UL 2225 Metal-Clad Cables and Cable-Sealing Fittings for Hazardous (Classified)

Locations
ANSI/UL 2279 Electrical Equipment for Use in Class I, Zone 0, 1 and 2 Hazardous
(Classified) Locations
SU 515 Electrical Resistance Heat Tracing Cables
SU 1836 Electric Motors and Generators for Use in Class I, Division 2 and Class II,
Division 2 Hazardous (Classified) Locations

Page 28 of 53
Section 9
List of Canadian Certification Documents

Page 29 of 53
Applicable Canadian Hazardous Locations
CSA-25-1966 Enclosures for Use in Class II, Groups E, F and G Hazardous Locations
CSA-30-M1986 Explosion-Proof Enclosures for Use in Class I Hazardous Locations
CSA-137-M1981 Electric Luminaries for Use in Hazardous Locations
CSA-138-M1989 Heat Tracing Cable and Cable Sets for Use in Hazardous Locations
CSA-145-M1986 Motors and Generators for Use in Hazardous Locations
CSA-157-M1992 Intrinsically Safe and Non-Incendive Equipment for Use in

Hazardous Locations
CSA-159-M1987 Attachment Plugs, Receptacles and Similar Wiring Devices for Use in
Hazardous Locations, Class I, Groups A, B, C and D; Class II,
Group G, in Coal or Coke Dust, and in Gaseous Mines
CSA-174-M1984 Cables and Cable Glands for Use in Hazardous Locations
CSA-213-M1987 Non-Incendive Electrical Equipment for Use in Class I, Division 2

Hazardous Locations
CSA-E79-0-95 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres Part 0:

General Requirements

Construction and Verification Test of Flameproof Enclosures of
Electrical Apparatus
CSA-E79-1A-95 Appendix D: Method of Test For Ascertainment of Maximum

Experimental Safe Gap

Electrical Apparatus - Type of Protection “p”

Sand-filled Apparatus

Page 30 of 53
Applicable Canadian Hazardous Locations
CSA-E79-5A-95 Supplement to Publication 79-5 (1967) Appendix C: Use of a Screen

Oil-immersed Apparatus

Increase Safety “e”

Intrinsic Safety “i”

Electrical Installations in Explosive Gas Atmospheres (other than
mines)
CSA-E79-15-95 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres - Part 15:

Electrical Apparatus with Type of Protection „n‟

Encapsulation “m”
CSA-E1241-1-1 Electrical Apparatus for use in the Presence of Combustible

Dust - Part 1: Electrical Apparatus Protected by Enclosures
Section One - Specification for Apparatus

Page 31 of 53
Section 10
List of IEC Certification Documents

Page 32 of 53
Applicable IEC Hazardous Locations
IEC 60079-0 Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 0:
General requirements

Construction and verification test of flameproof enclosures of electrical
apparatus
IEC 60079-1A First supplement to IEC 60079-1 (1971), Electrical apparatus for
explosive gas atmospheres - Part 1: Construction and test of flameproof
enclosures of electrical apparatus, Appendix D: Method of test for
ascertainment of maximum experimental safe gap

Electrical apparatus - type of protection “p”

Spark-test apparatus for intrinsically-safe circuits

Method of test for ignition temperature
IEC 60079-4A First Supplement to IEC 60079-4 (1966), Electrical apparatus for
explosive gas atmospheres - Part 4: Method of test for ignition
temperature

Powder filling “q”

Oil immersion “o”

Increased safety “e”
Classification of hazardous areas
Intrinsic safety “i”

Page 33 of 53
Applicable IEC Hazardous Locations
Electrical apparatus with type of protection “n”
IEC 60079-18 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres - Part 18:
IEC 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 61241-1-1 Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 1:
Electrical apparatus protected by enclosures -- Section 1: Specification
for apparatus
IEC 61241-3 Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 3:
Classification of areas where combustible dust are or may be present

Page 34 of 53
Section 11
List of European Certification Documents

Page 35 of 53
Applicable European Hazardous Locations
CENELEC EN50014 Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres-
General requirements

Oil immersion “o”

Pressurized apparatus “p”

Powder filling “q”

Flameproof enclosure “d”

Increased safety “e”

Intrinsic safety “i”
CENELEC EN50021 Specification for electrical apparatus with type of protection “n”


Intrinsically safe electrical systems “i”
CENELEC EN50050 Electrostatic hand-held spraying equipment
CENELEC EN50053 Part 1: Hand-held electrostatic paint spray guns with an energy
limit of 0.24 mJ and their associated apparatus
CENELEC EN50053 Part 2: Hand-held electrostatic powder spray guns with an

energy limit of 5 mJ and their associated apparatus
CENELEC EN50053 Part 3: Hand-held electrostatic powder spray guns with an

energy limit of 0.24 mJ or 5 mJ and their associated apparatus

Page 36 of 53
Section 12
Enclosure Type and IP Designations

Page 37 of 53
Environmental Ratings for Enclosures
Based on Type Designations
Enclosure Type
Designation Intended Use and Description
1 Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against limited
amounts of falling dirt.
2 Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against limited
amounts of falling water and dirt.
3 Outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against rain, sleet,
wind blown dust and damage from external ice formation.
3R Outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against rain, sleet,
and damage from external ice formation.
3S Outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against rain, sleet,
windblown dust and to provide for operation of external mechanisms when
ice laden.
4 Indoor or outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against
windblown dust and rain, splashing water, hose-directed water and damage
from external ice formation.
4X Indoor or outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against
corrosion, windblown dust and rain, splashing water, hose-directed water,
and damage from external ice formation.
5 Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against settling
airborne dust, falling dirt, and dripping noncorrosive liquids.
6 Indoor or outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection again
hose-directed water, and the entry of water during occasional temporary
submersion at a limited depth and damage from external ice formation.
6P Indoor or outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against
hose-directed water, the entry of water during prolonged submersion at a
limited depth and damage from external ice formation.

Page 38 of 53
Based on Type Designations (Cont.)
7 Indoor use in locations classified as Class I, Division 1, Groups A, B, C or
D hazardous locations as defined in the National Electric Code, NFPA 70
(commonly referred to as explosion-proof).
8 Indoor or outdoor use in locations classified as Class I, Division 2, Groups
A, B, C or D hazardous locations as defined in the National Electric Code,
NFPA 70 (commonly referred to as oil immersed).
9 Indoor use in locations classified as Class II, Division 1, Groups E, F and G
hazardous locations as defined in the National Electric Code, NFPA 70
(commonly referred to as dust-ignition-proof).
10 Intended to meet the applicable requirements of the Mine Safety and Health
Administration (MSHA).
12 and 12K Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against circulating
dust, falling dirt, and dripping noncorrosive liquids.
13 Indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against dust,
spraying of water, oil, and noncorrosive coolant.
UL can provide testing and certification services to verify and document conformity of
products for any of the above "Types" in accordance with:
a) ANSI/UL50, “Enclosures for Electrical Equipment” for Types 1, 2, 3, 3R, 3S, 4,

4X, 5, 6, 6P, 12, 12K and 13.
b) ANSI/UL698, “Industrial Control Equipment for Use in Hazardous (Classified)

Locations” and other related standards for Types 7, 8 and 9.
c) ANSI/NEMA250, “Enclosures for Electrical Equipment (1000 Volts Maximum)”

for Types 1, 2, 3, 3R, 3S, 4, 4X, 5, 6, 6P, 7, 8, 9, 12, 12K and 13.

Page 39 of 53
Based on Ingress Protection (IP) Codes
1st Protection Against Foreign Objects 2nd Protection Against Moisture

Digit Digit
0 Not protected 0 Not protected
1 Protected against objects greater 1 Protected against dripping water

than 50mm
2 Protected against objects greater 2 Protected against dripping water

than 12mm when tilted up to 15N
3 Protected against objects greater 3 Protected against spraying water

than 2.5mm
4 Protected against objects greater 4 Protected against splashing water

than 1.0mm
5 Dust protected 5 Protected against water jets
6 Dust tight 6 Protected against heavy seas
7 Protection against the effects of

immersion
8 Protection against submersion
Example marking: IP 68 would indicate a dusttight (first digit 6) piece of equipment

which is protected against submersion in water (second digit 8).
UL can provide testing and certification services to verify and document conformity of
products for any of the above "IP" Codes in accordance with:
a) IEC 60529, “Degrees of protection provided by enclosures ("IP" Code)”, for all
"IP" Codes.
b) CENELEC (European Norm) EN 60529, “Degrees of protection provided by

enclosures ("IP" Code)”, for all "IP" Codes.

Page 40 of 53
Comparison of "NEMA" Type and
"IP" Code designations
Type Number IP Designation
1 IP10
2 IP11
3 IP54
3R IP14
3S IP54
4 and 4X IP66
5 IP52
6 and 6P IP67
12 and 12K IP52
13 IP54
Table cannot be used to convert "IP" Codes to "NEMA" Types.

See NEMA 250 for additional details.

Page 41 of 53
Section 13
Canadian Certification Program

Page 42 of 53
CANADIAN CERTIFICATION PROGRAM
In October 1992, the Standards Council of Canada (SCC) granted UL “Canadian Certification
Organization (CO)” and “Testing Organization (TO)” status, which accredits UL to conduct
tests and issue certifications to Canadian National Standards. This means that UL can
authorize manufacturers to label their products with a UL Mark for Canada, the C-UL Mark.
UL, to date, has gained acceptance in all Canadian provinces and territories. To further
widespread acceptance by Canadian consumers, retailers, distributors and others, UL is
conducting on-going programs intended to provide education on the C-UL Mark for Canada.
UL' s programs for Canadian certifications is designed to streamline certification procedures,

avoid duplication of test work, and facilitate UL certifications for Canada.
In addition, a UL engineer can visit your facility to discuss the requirements relating to your
devices. Once requested, we will schedule a mutually agreeable date and send the appropriate
application forms.
Should you have any additional questions regarding any of the above programs, or if we can
be of any further assistance to you, please do not hesitate to contact us.

Page 43 of 53
Section 14
European Overview

Page 44 of 53
General Overview of EU Directives
The European Union (EU), formerly known as the European Community (EC), is replacing
individual national regulations of member countries with a series of Directives. These
Directives are legislative instruments that oblige member states to introduce them into their
existing laws. Once compliance with all applicable Directives has been verified for a product,
that product can be legally placed on the market of any EU member country.
The EU is comprised of fifteen (15) Full Member States. These Full Member States are
Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. In addition, the European
Economic Area (EEA) has been formally recognized since January 1994. The EEA is
comprised of the EU countries, plus the countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.
These new member countries have adopted EU legislation in all areas except agriculture and
the removal of border controls.
Therefore, compliance with applicable EU Directives will allow a product to have free market
access in the eighteen-country internal market of the EEA. In the near future, this market is
expected to expand, based on enlargement discussions underway regarding the addition of ten
(10) Central and Eastern European countries, along with Cyprus, to the European Union.
How the Directives work

Directives harmonize a variety of existing practices, preserve the different legal traditions and
settle constraints for further developments. Directives are published in the Official Journal
(OJ) of the European Economic Community (EEC). Each Directive is characterized by its
title, its date of adoption and its date of publication in the Official Journal.
Within the text of each Directive is the date on which the Directive becomes effective. The
effective date identifies the date when compliance with the Directive is mandatory. In
addition, Directives also identify an implementation date. This date identifies when use of the
Directive can begin.
During the time period from the implementation date to the effective date, the manufacturer is
normally allowed the option of meeting either the Directive or the national requirements that
existed prior to implementation of the Directive. This time period is known as the transition
period.
Old & New Approach Directives

In 1985, after the advent of the Global Approach, the EC established a uniform marking
system known as the CE Marking system. CE requirements are specified in the "New
Approach" Directives. Directives written prior to the Global Approach, which did not take
the CE Marking into account, are known as "Old Approach" Directives.

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The CE Marking is applied to products that comply with all applicable Directives, one or more
of which must be a "New Approach" Directive. If more than one relevant "New Approach"
Directive is in its transition period, application of the CE Marking implies compliance with
only those Directives that the manufacturer has chosen to apply.
Application of the CE Marking verifies compliance with both design and production quality
requirements. This is different from the requirements of the "Old Approach" Directives that
only dealt with design requirements.
For hazardous locations equipment, the original version of the Potentially Explosive
Atmospheres Directive (76/11/EEC) is an example of an "Old Approach" Directive. The
revised Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directive or ATEX Directive (94/9/EC) is an
example of a "New Approach" Directive.
Essential requirements and European Norm (EN) Standards

Each Directive provides a set of "essential requirements." These essential requirements relate
to product safety and call for a minimum level of protection against injury to persons or
damage to property; however, they do not identify specific design criteria.
Because essential requirements are general in nature, the European Union is continually
developing harmonized standards known as European Norm (EN) standards. These EN
standards are issued by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), or jointly by
CEN and the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC). Each
EN standard defines criteria for meeting essential requirements.
Compliance with EU Directives
Compliance with the "essential requirements" of a Directive can be achieved through a variety of
methods -- self-declaration, type testing by a Notified Body, full quality assurance or other means. The
methods of compliance available to a manufacturer are outlined in each particular Directive. Methods
available in each Directive differ based on the perceived hazards involved for a type of product.
Achieving compliance through a Notified Body

A Notified Body is a third-party organization which has made notification to the Commission
and which has been designated by a Member State which has chosen it from the Bodies under
its jurisdiction. A Notified Body meets the criteria of competence and performs functions
relating to conformity such as standards-writing, testing, certification, and/or factory
assessment.
Besides assisting manufacturers in complying with Directives, Notified Bodies play another
important function in the European Union. Compliance with Directives will give a product
legal access to the EU countries. However, in the marketplace, distributors, wholesale agents,
retailers, and other involved parties may request verification of compliance through particular
means such as third-party certification via a Notified Body. Since third-party certification via

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a Notified Body is always an option for verifying compliance, utilizing a Notified Body can
assist manufacturers in meeting both the legal as well as the market requirements that may be
placed on a product.
Manufacturers should research their customer base to determine market requirements.
Proper documentation
Regardless of the method used to achieve compliance with the essential requirements of a
Directive, proper documentation is always a requirement. Specifics on required
documentation are identified in each Directive.
Overview of Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directives
In Europe, equipment which is for use in or intended to be connected to equipment used in a

potentially explosive atmosphere is required to be of a specific design such as flameproof,
increased Safety, intrinsically safe, etc.
The Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directives typically related to these products are:
• Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directive (76/117/EEC), commonly referred

to as the "Old Approach" Directive; and
• Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directive (94/9/EC), commonly referred to

as the "New Approach" or ATEX Directive.
Depending on the equipment, other European Directives may also apply, such as
Electromagnetic Compatibility (89/336/EEC) or Machinery Directives (89/392/EEC). The
decision as to the Directive applicability should be made only after a thorough review and
understanding of each Directive.
"Old Approach" Directive

The Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directive, 76/117/EEC, along with 79/196/EEC and
all of its amendments, form a working document. This Directive applies to electrical
equipment capable of use in a potentially explosive atmosphere employing certain types of
protection. Types of protection include:
• flameproof enclosure ' d' ;

• pressurized apparatus ' p' ;
• powder filling ' q' ;
• oil immersion ' o' ;
• increased safety ' e' ;
• intrinsic safety ' i' ; and
• encapsulation ' m' .

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Products covered by this Directive are excluded from the Low Voltage Directive.
The "Old Approach" Directive allows the "Epsilon X" Mark to be placed on products that
comply with its requirements. This Directive is in effect only until June 30, 2003. After June
30, 2003, all products will need to comply with the requirements outlined under the "New
Approach" or ATEX Directive (94/9/EC).
"New Approach" or ATEX Directive

On March 1, 1996, a transitional period began for the implementation of the ATEX Directive
(94/9/EC). This Directive applies to electrical and non-electrical equipment/components and
protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres and will become
mandatory on July 1, 2003. Equipment located outside potentially explosive atmospheres are
also covered by the ATEX Directive under the following conditions:
• the equipment is a safety device, controller or regulating device; and
• the equipment is required for the safe function of equipment or protective

systems with respect to risk of explosion.
All equipment under its scope will be required to bear the European CE Marking as
verification of compliance with the Directive (the CE Marking will not appear on components
defined by this Directive). The ATEX Directive specifically defines procedures for the
evaluation of a product' s design and manufacture (production) based on Equipment Groups
and Categories. This is briefly outlined below.
Equipment Group I Overview

Equipment intended for use in underground parts of mines, and to those parts of surface
installations of such mines, liable to be endangered by firedamp and/or combustible dust.
Equipment Protection Comparison To Current

Category IEC Classification
M1 2 levels of protection; or 2 Group I

independent faults
M2 1 level of protection based on Group I

normal operation
Equipment Group II Overview

Equipment intended for use in other than Equipment Group I places that are liable to be
endangered by explosive atmospheres.

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Equipment Protection Comparison To Current
Category IEC Classification
1 2 levels of protection; or 2 Group II, Zone 0 (gas)

independent faults Zone 20 (dust)
2 1 level of protection based on Group II, Zone 1 (gas)

frequent disturbances; or Zone 21 (dust)
equipment faults
3 1 level of protection based on Group II, Zone 2 (gas)

normal operation Zone 22 (dust)
Additional Equipment Group/Category details

The Annexes of the ATEX Directive detail the specifics pertaining to the required conformity
assessment procedures based on the Equipment Groups/Categories noted above.
The following provides a more detailed summary of the conformity assessment options
available to manufacturers (with references to the applicable ATEX Directive Annex):
For all Equipment Group/Category combinations:
Unit Verification (Annex IV): The manufacturer declares compliance with the directive
and the NB verifies compliance, conducting tests as necessary. This Annex is
primarily intended for one-time evaluations or unique products.
For Equipment Group I, Category M1 & Equipment Group II, Category 1 (electrical and non-
electrical equipment):
• Essential Safety Requirements (Annex II): It is the responsibility of the Notified Body
(NB) to verify compliance to the ESR' s as part of an EC-Type examination (see
below).
• EC-Type Examination (Annex III): The manufacturer is required to submit

documentation and samples to the Notified Body, or test lab. The Notified Body (NB) is
required to verify compliance with the directive. This includes verifying that the
manufacturer meets the Essential Safety Requirements of the directive, evaluation to
the EN 500xx series of standards, and the continuing verification such as quality
assurance, product verification, or conformity to type (see below).

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• Production Quality Assurance (Annex IV): The NB verifies compliance with a design
and manufacturing quality assurance program, i.e. EN 29002 (ISO 9002). The quality
registration should be with the NB. If it is not, the NB must review/audit the
manufacturer' s quality registration.
• Product Verification (Annex V): The NB evaluates each sample of a product as it is

produced by the manufacturer. The NB is involved from start to finish in the
manufacturing process.
For Equipment Group I, Category M2 & Equipment Group II, Category 2 (electrical
equipment only):
• Essential Safety Requirements (Annex II): It is the responsibility of the Notified Body
(NB) to verify compliance to the ESR' s as part of an EC-Type examination (see
below).
• EC-Type Examination (Annex III): The manufacturer is required to submit

documentation and samples to the Notified Body, or test lab. The Notified Body (NB)
is required to verify compliance with the directive. This includes verifying that the
manufacturer meets the Essential Safety Requirements of the directive, evaluation to
the EN 500xx series of standards, and the continuing verification such as quality
assurance, product verification, or conformity to type (see below).
• Conformity to Type (Annex VI): Routine tests are conducted by the manufacturer or
by the NB on the manufacturer' s behalf on each piece of equipment manufactured. The
manufacturer has the responsibility to ensure that samples are constructed identically to
those originally investigated by the NB.
• Product Quality Assurance (Annex VII): The NB verifies compliance with a

manufacturing quality assurance program, i.e. EN 29003 (ISO 9003). The quality
registration should be with the NB. If it is not, the NB must review/audit the
manufacturer' s quality registration.
For Equipment Group II, Category 3 (electrical and non-electrical equipment); and
For Equipment Group I, Category M2 & Equipment Group II, Category 2 (non-electrical
equipment only):
• Essential Safety Requirements (Annex II): It is the responsibility of the manufacturer

to verify compliance to the ESR' s.
• Internal Control of Production (Annex VIII): The manufacturer self-declares

compliance with all provisions of the directive.

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UL's European Assistance for Hazardous Locations
UL can provide assistance to manufacturers seeking certification under European Directives
for potentially explosive atmospheres through any of the following European organizations --
DEMKO, KEMA, LCIE or PTB.
DEMKO
For products complying with applicable standards, DEMKO authorizes manufacturers use of
the DEMKO Certification Mark, the "D Mark", recognized as Denmark' s national safety
mark, and known and respected in Europe and around the world.
DEMKO, a wholly-owned subsidiary of UL, is designated in the European community as an

Approved (Notified) Body. This Notified Body status allows DEMKO' s Certificates of
Conformity and Certificates of Component to be recognized by all European Community
member states as a legal means of entry under the following European Directives:
• Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directive, 76/117/EEC plus amendments

(commonly referred to as the "Old Approach" Directive); and
• Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Directive, 94/9/EC (commonly referred to as

the "New Approach" or ATEX Directive).
UL can perform testing in accordance with the applicable CENELEC standards for the
purpose of obtaining DEMKO certification under either of these Directives.
In a DEMKO/UL investigation, the test report completed by UL is submitted to DEMKO.

Upon successful completion of the test report, DEMKO will issue a Certificate of Conformity
or Certificate of Component and authorize the application of the European "Epsilon X" Mark
under the "Old Approach" Directive.
Under the "New Approach" or ATEX Directive, in addition to the test report, a quality
assessment will be required in most cases. Upon successful completion of both the test report
and applicable quality assessment, DEMKO will issue an “EC Type” Examination Certificate
and applicable Production Quality Assurance Notification Certificate to support the application
of the CE Mark and "Epsilon X" Mark.
As a means to facilitate this process, specific members of UL' s Hazloc team in the U.S. have
been accredited through DEMKO as DEMKO Qualified Engineers (DQE' s) with review-level
status under both the "Old Approach" and the ATEX Directives. These staff is also accredited
through DEMKO as DEMKO Qualified Auditors (DQA' s) under the ATEX Directive.

Page 51 of 53
KEMA
In July of 1993, KEMA of the Netherlands granted authorization for Underwriters
Laboratories Inc. to act as a testing laboratory under the KEMA/UL Memorandum of
Understanding (MOU) for equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres.
As with DEMKO, KEMA is designated in the European community as an Approved (Notified)
Body for both the "Old Approach" Directive and "New Approach" or ATEX Directive.
This authorization allows UL to perform testing in accordance with CENELEC standards, for
the purpose of achieving a KEMA Certification.
LCIE
In March of 1999, LCIE (Laboratorie Central des Industries Electriques) of France agreed to
cooperate with UL in an effort to provide manufacturers of equipment for use in potentially
explosive atmospheres with a streamlined path to obtaining LCIE and UL certification.
As with DEMKO, LCIE is designated in the European Community as an Approved (Notified)

This agreement allows UL to perform testing in accordance with CENELEC standards, for the
purpose of achieving LCIE certification.
PTB
In September of 1995, PTB (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt) of Germany agreed to
cooperate together with Underwriters Laboratories Inc. in an effort to provide manufacturers
of equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres with a streamlined path to obtaining
PTB and UL certification.
As with DEMKO, PTB is designated in the European community as an Approved (Notified)

This agreement allows UL to perform testing in accordance with CENELEC standards, for the
purpose of achieving a PTB Certification.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
To proceed with an investigation for DEMKO, KEMA, LCIE or PTB certification or to obtain
additional information regarding this service, please contact Mr. Ben Schaefer at 847-272-
8800, Ext. 43380 or Mr. Michael Slowinske at 847-272-8800, Ext. 43934.

Page 52 of 53

Hazardous Locations Definitions

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UL’s HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS SERVICES

-Over 75 Years of Worldwide HazLoc Certifications-

333 PFINGSTEN ROAD

UL’s Hazardous Locations Services 1

Class I Technical Overview 2

Class II Technical Overview 3

Class III Technical Overview 4

Comparison of U.S. & Canadian Class I, II & III Division Markings 5

Comparison of U.S. & Canadian Class I Division-based Zone Markings 6

Comparison of U.S., Canadian, IEC & European IEC-based Zone Markings 7

List of U.S. Certification Documents with Titles 8

List of Canadian Certification Documents with Titles 9

List of IEC Certification Documents with Titles 10

List of European Certification Documents with Titles 11

Enclosure Type and IP Code Designations 12

Canadian Certification Program 13

General Overview of European Directives 14

COPYRIGHT © 1999 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. 

UL’s Hazardous Locations

COPYRIGHT © 1999 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. 

COPYRIGHT © 1999 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. 

Class I Technical Overview

COPYRIGHT © 1999 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. 

Where ignitable concentrations of flammable Where ignitable concentrations of flammable

Where ignitable concentrations of flammable

Where ignitable concentrations of flammable Where ignitable concentrations of flammable

COPYRIGHT © 1999 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. 

1. can exist under normal operating conditions;

2. may exist frequently because of repair or maintenance operations or leakage; or

3. may exist because of equipment breakdown that simultaneously causes the

2. where ignitable concentrations of gases, vapors or liquids are normally prevented

3. adjacent to a Class I, Division 1 location where ignitable concentrations might be

COPYRIGHT © 1999 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. 

1. are present continuously; or

2. are present for long periods of time.

1. where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases, vapors or liquids are likely to

2. where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases, vapors or liquids may exist

3. where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases, vapors or liquids may exist

4. adjacent to a Class I, Zone 0 location from which ignitable concentrations could be

3. where ignitable concentrations of gases, vapors or liquids are normally prevented

4. adjacent to a Class I, Zone 1 location from which ignitable concentrations could be

COPYRIGHT © 1999 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. 

Division 1 and 2 Zone 0, 1 and 2

COPYRIGHT © 1999 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. 

Division 1 and 2 Zone 0, 1 and 2

T1 (< 450C) T1 (< 450C)

T2 (< 300C) T2 (< 300C)

T3 (< 200C) T3 (< 200C)

T4 (< 135C) T4 (< 135C)

T4A (< 120C) ---

T5 (< 100C) T5 (< 100C)

T6 (< 85C) T6 (< 85C)

COPYRIGHT © 1999 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. 

Division 2  Hermetically Sealed UL 1604 CSA-213

COPYRIGHT © 1999 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. 

U.S. Canada IEC Europe

Zone 1  Encapsulation, „m‟ UL2279, Pt. 18 CSA-E79-18 IEC60079-18 EN50028

Zone 2  Nonincendive, „nC‟ UL2279, Pt. 15 CSA-E79-15 IEC60079-15 EN50021

COPYRIGHT © 1999 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. 

Class II Technical Overview

COPYRIGHT © 1999 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. 

Class II, Division 1

Class II, Division 2