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Advantages of Laser Cutting

Ease of use, quality and cleanliness (no extra edges in cut sections) The
ultimate product is the advantages of using laser cutting instead of
mechanical and traditional cut. As the laser beam continuously and uniformly
operates from the beginning of the cutting operation to the end of the work,
the accuracy of the work increases.

Plasma Cutting Machine

The probability of material warping in the laser cutting is very low, because
the effective thermal area in this process is very small.Laser cutting is more
advantageous than plasma cutting due to its higher precision and lower
energy consumption during cutting. However, most laser cutting machines
can not cut more thickness than plasma cutting devices. Today, more
powerful laser cutting machines are being developed to cut more
thicknesses, but the cost of these devices is higher than that of plasma
cutting.devices.

Types of Lasers Used

Lasers have different types of gas lasers, laser lasers, radioactive lasers,
solid laser, fiber lasers, etc. But in the industry, there are two kinds of solid
and gas lasers. The most commonly used lasers used in laser cutting
machines are:

1) CO2 laser that is suitable for cutting, engraving and weakening of the
material.

2) Neodymium lasers (Nd) and Neodymium-Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet (Nd-

YAG) lasers. These two lasers have the same style and method, and their
differences are in their application. Nd lasers are used to weaken matter and
when there is high power and repeatability. The Nd-YAG laser is used to
weaken the material and engrave on the piece, and when there is a lot of
power required.

The three types of laser can also be used for welding.

CO2 laser for industrial cutting Most materials, including steel, aluminum,
stainless steel, titanium, paper, wax, plastic, wood and stains are used. The
YAG laser is primarily used for cutting and engraving metals and ceramics.
The laser generator and external optics (focusing lens) need to be cooled.
Depending on the size and configuration of the device, excess heat may be
transmitted directly or by air to a coolant. Water is usually used as a cooling
agent that is circulated by the cooling system.

More advanced lasers

The Microjet Laser is conducting a laser beam by means of a jet of water. In
this device, the laser beam is accompanied by a low-pressure water jet. The
laser is the main task of the cutting, while the laser jet controls the laser
beam. Radiation action is performed through the overall internal reflection.
Like what happens in fiber optics. In this method, water, in addition to
eliminating the degradation effects caused by the cutting, also cools the
material surface, which is one of the advantages of this method
Fiber laser is a type of solid state laser that is rapidly growing in the metal
cutting industry. Contrary to CO2 laser technology, fiber technology uses a
solid adsorption medium as an opposite gas or liquid. The laser beam
generates a laser beam, and then the beam is reinforced in Glass Fiber. With
a wavelength of about 1/0644 micrometer of fiber laser, it produces a very
small effect point (100 times smaller than the CO2 laser effect), which makes
this laser effective for cutting reflective metal materials
Types of Laser Metal Cutting Techniques
There are several methods for cutting using laser. Some of these methods
include:
1) Evaporation of Article

2) Melting with high pressure gas blowing

3) burning

4) Creating a gap by thermal stress

5) Cold cut

Evaporation: In this method, the beam heat is concentrated, the

temperature of the point of effect is brought to the point of boiling point and
causes the material to evaporate and create a cavity. This method is used to
cut materials that do not melt, such as wood, carbon and thermoset plastics.
Foam cut with high pressure gas blasting: In this method, the laser beam
initially melt the material at the work point to the melting point. Immediately
using a high pressure stream, a gas (usually air) enters a given point of
impact and causes a drop of melted material from the target object. In this
method, it is not necessary to raise the temperature much more than the
melting point, resulting in less power consumption. This method is commonly
used for cutting metals.
Cutting by creating a gap by thermal stresses: Blasted materials are
sensitive to thermal fractures. This feature of brittle material is used in the
method. The laser is concentrated on the surface of the material, causing
local heat and thermal expansion. This action creates a gap in the material
and can be guided by moving the beam to make the cut. This method is
commonly used for laser cutting of glass and glass materials.
Tolerance and surface finish
The new laser cutters have a precision of about 25 micrometers (0.01 mm).
The standard roughness of the surface (Rz) increases with sheet thickness,
but decreases with laser power and cutting speed

energy consumption
The most common form of laser cutting devices is their high power
consumption. The efficiency of laser lasers is about 5 to 45 percent. The
amount of power required to cut a laser in a particular job depends, in
particular, on the type of material, thickness, method used, and cut-off rate.
Production and cutting rates
The maximum cutting rate is limited by factors such as laser power, material
thickness, type of process used and material properties. For all purposes, a
laser can be up to 30 times faster than a standard saw. The CNC cutting
machines, guided by a computer and laser-disassembled, perform various
operations, such as laser cutting, laser engraving, etc. they give. These
devices have many advantages, for example, they have a very high speed,
and they have the same outputs in terms of computer guidance.