Department of Electrical Engineering

Faculty of Engineering & Applied Sciences

Riphah International University
Mid Term Examinations, Spring 2018 Semester
B.Sc. Electrical Engineering Program

CMS : _________ Subject Name : Electrical Machines-I

Marks : 30 Time Allowed : 1 Hour

Note: Attempt all Questions.

Question No: 1(CLO-1)_______________________________________________ [15 MARKS]

The linear dc machine shown in Fig. 1 has a battery voltage of 250 V, an internal resistance of 0.6Ω
and a magnetic flux density of 0.2 T.

Figure 1

a) What are the starting problem with this linear DC machine and how these are encountered?
b) What is this machine's maximum starting current? What is its steady-state velocity at no
load?
c) Suppose that a 60-N force pointing to the right were applied to the bar. What would the
steady-state speed be?
d) How much power would the bar be producing or consuming?
e) How much power would the battery be producing or consuming? Is this machine acting as a
f) motor or as a generator?
g) Now suppose a 60-N force pointing to the left were applied to the bar. What would the
new steady-state speed be? Is this machine acting as a motor or a generator now?
h) Assume that the bar is unloaded and that it suddenly runs into a region where the magnetic
field is weakened to 0.16 T. How fast will the bar go now?
i) Draw the characteristics curves of linear dc machine’s induced voltage, velocity, current and
induced force on its starting condition with mathematical justification.
j) Draw the characteristics curves of linear dc machine’s induced voltage, velocity, current
and induced force operating at no load condition and then loaded as a motor with
mathematical justification.
Question No: 2(CLO-2)_______________________________________________ [15 MARKS]

The circuit for an ideal transformer is shown in Fig. 2. This circuit is based on the following
assumptions.

Figure 2
1. The primary and secondary windings have zero resistance.
2. There is no leakage flux in the core.
3. The core has infinite permeability.
4. The core losses are considered to be zero.
You are requested to answer the following questions, respectively.
a) Derive the equivalent circuit for practical transformer by incorporating the said conditions
given in questions.
b) Refer primary side of the transformer to the secondary. So that the isolation can be
removed and well known KVL and KCL techniques can be applied to calculate the required
parameters of the practical transformer circuit.
c) Derive the simplified equivalent circuit of practical transformer by using the referred circuit
from primary to secondary.
d) To find the unknown shunt and series parameters of the practical distribution transformer,
open circuit and short circuit test were conducted. The following data were obtained on a
20 kVA, 50 Hz, 2000/200 V distribution transformer:

Voltage (V) Current (A) Power (W)

Open Circuit Test with
HV open-circuited
200 4 120
Voltage (V) Current (A) Power (W)
Short circuit test with
LV short-circuited
60 10 300

You are required to calculate the series and shunt branch parameters of the simplified
equivalent circuit by using the above data collected through open circuit and short circuit
test.
e) Why the per-unit equivalent circuit is preferred over the equivalent circuit?

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