PARCOL, Bulletin 4-X1ivi SUMMARY 0. INTRODUCTION 4. SELECTION CRITERIA 414, DESUPERHEATING CONTROL SYSTEM SELECTION 1.14, Ena calettion(eetorard conto) 1.42. Temperate coral feesack corialoop) 412, DESUPERHEATER TYPOLOGY SELECTION 21, UPGTREAM PIPING 22, DOWNSTREAM PIPING 221. Lao 222. Staghtleras 225. png amension 24, PIPING FORCES AND TORQUES 2. TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE SENSORS 32, TEMPERATURE SENSOR DISTANCE 233, PIPINGLAYOUT RANS PREHEATING PROTECTION OF INJECTION POINT PROTECTION OF THERMOMETRIC WELL nose 81, PREDICTION 8, B.ow.our 10. CLEANLINESS arcol documents desling with dezuperheating: NG 76/670 Enthalpic conto systems ‘*NTG 761674. instalation of variable area steam desuperesters NTG 76/675 _1-5800 series contol valves wth internal injection NTC 761680 Acoustical eatment0 INTRODUCTION Recommendations outined in tis document are sutabe bob to integral desuperheating contol valves 1-5000 and T-0000 serles, and, where apricabo, 1o individual Parcol Gesuperhosters Spraysat 1-4442 and LF or LV 34000 sores. Should those ‘ecommendations confit with information provdod by densonal drawings, the later vil ‘Preval on the contnt of his document SELECTION CRITERIA 4 DESUPERHEATING CONTROL SYSTEM SELECTION Desuperheating conrl systems can be based on enthalpic calelaton(ledtorward loop) or ‘on downstream steam temperature vale (eedback loop), 141, Enthalpic calculation (feedforward control loop) ‘The fest solution (feeonward loop) can nat grant a precise temperature contol due to rocees parameters (wate! steam pressure, temperature ard flaw) measuring eros. For {hese reasons desuperheating by enthalpic calculation is used fr bypass to condenser ‘pplieaions or where saturated steam is requires In any case injected desuperhealng water flow is always higher than the caleulated ‘theoretical value to take info account measuring eos, for such a reason downsteam Bipetne must be self draining (for bypass to condenser appboations) or condensate ‘craton system conveniently oversizea. For furtnar detalepoase refer to Parcol NTG 76IG70 “Enthabic contol systems” 44.2. Temperature control feedback contro loop) “The second solution (feedback loop) i alvays used when precise temperature contol for Proted alas ote male oer —' pote 4 see sutlouse 32 ® Tg: B= Ping arangoront road ie desipeheaer = rio anes a SGA ABTS223. Ping dinensions ping cometream oesupemesters must ve Sz8a 10 con & sumieN minum veloey and -Sonsequriasustaiaryturulncetavel on sea fo. ‘Suc equremert i lied when the ppe sole te same of oust comecton of desuperesting ecto, whieh pepe selected by Parca So, ese recommendations apt ore doweteam Bing tecans connected to he out of ctl vane tough an expancer ‘Fjpicl minimum seam velosly values for PARCOL desuperbatars ae lala nthe alow tbe Stam veloc selstad on F \gstteam materia. Doe te te minimum requted steam vec the aie of downstream pingmustbe checked at owest Steam flow ate aardig fo te process tudoun HMinmum stam vlc vas Intedn Table 2 represent th minimum operating mts nthe specie: Tange. of werting condtons thet alow te craggng of te water ops ahd must be fuld Independent rom the nonce of er proces arctan rw stm velocy range repre fer each noi pe pends on severe params sch a: head etvenar, pp dare nozse presse dp, stam pets, siete walesvpemesed Sean ato, neced water omperaure,desupeestod stam suporeatg, “Table2- Minar stm vaio in fh econ pt and inna watraam pes dot or ‘Minimum | iam Type Description steamivater_ | ‘sam pressure drop | weooty 24110-Lve variate area ozs, probe and | sory set v0 bar® | 1020 320 vn lipearis design a 34500-UF Tred aren ronnie probe design | osestw™ | oom s44a2—sprayent™ | mutienazae contvane | osvane® | ar2me sa220-LAn | probe end mutilate design | SOBs OSB | 213m qin are tg covey mo (Scam cr es ees secrane at > Frade nn enn pr 0 sy candi sn ct non ote ee SS ese re rofl gan a pr \Wnen the pipe diameter does not alow o obtain the minimum recommended velo, tf ‘necessary to provide a reduced section inthe ara of iyecton oto apply a jacket of saat ‘Samer liner) Ike he one commonly used forthe thermal protection. ‘The minimum lang of reduced sacton downstream the injacion point should be stated according othe operating condtions and must be not less than 5-6 retes. ‘Tormprove the dtibuton of steam flow an addtonal length of at last -ON but not less than meter must b left upstream the injection pointRE ‘Table 3 reports an indcaton of the influence of single parameters on the minimum ‘admissibe steam veloc at the injection area Table 3- Efect of increasing f process and insilaton layout parameters on minimum seam ‘ety at hector pt aoe ae ect of parameter increasing out parecer con aquired minum stam eloity Irjocton pont and downstream pipe diameter Wistert seam presse 0p Desupernened seam peste Waterosupeosied stam tow ato njoced water to saturation temperature &T Desoperhesod seam to salirated steam AT ‘Te vale body cannot be used as a piping fied pont ‘Also outet pe should not be used for connecting piping te framework but, when this is ‘unavoidable, measures must be taken fo prevent the vansmssion of vibrations and nose ‘trough fied pont. 24. PIPING FORCES AND TORQUES Parcol contol valves are usually designed to assure the body housing is stir than the connected pipe, That means the section mods of minimum a0dy section fs usualy greater ‘than that of the pipe etter on rst and outlt connections, erefore valve body is sble to tranamf siressee wihowt suffering ny unacceptable deformations that might impair the ‘guar valve operation, ‘Whore, for paricuar reasons, piping connections ae signifcany higher than vale body Inlouitet pipe section modulus can be higher than valve body branches. In such @ 6350 ‘maximum applicable forces and moments ae reported on valve dimensional drawings. . TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE SENSORS 2.4, MINIMUM TEMPERATURE ‘The minsmum temperature for a comect desuperneating is 10 °C over the saturaton steam temperate refered to downstream pressure. An approprate temperature sensor distance from the hjecton point can reduce in some appcstons the minimum temperature for 3 corectdesupereating upto 8 °C ove the saturation temperature ‘The higher s the aference T,-T, the more efclent i the desuperheating process, with the same equpment and instalation,142. TEMPERATURE SENSOR DISTANCE. “The minimum distance ofthe temperature sensor from the water injection poin: must not be lower than the maximum value between Liv) and Lin) but in any case nooner than 12 eles 1) bag) VX (2) bya ® baat Yo where 5] in ine Bowen REI pO ad PST TRG HW Wa] 7 tame =] oun tity Fis soca fe mosncn eed be er wr Pay ed |ecepoaton : aay rm San Baboon FUSION pon ars era rao RG emda tines of apeaton an rongng of ropes, Ta + neonate inom drs of terpestre sono fom econ PORT FREEN | 7 faneence betwen Senpenesed ear epee and sate! seam | _|fengertre (39) see [Vso iy doanateon ig auptiad conan ma pe eseany tin get fl wee evaprton, Ue x= 02 ware Op SOT] 6 ‘ase comps wine minum ecrmandos auc Fie, ance leben ried fra tempers Tj and Grad WaT POTS | “C ‘igatcomeveancondtons [T= sivnceSeteenetrstd sein nGSGRE® Ts A SOMERS SNS ES] ileceawaertempersce [7a eoteaten att sea restore opatean he dnupetiesing sion wa F | ~ Gicrw {| Srecion fcr waar lope verur the ssid am Tompesbre R= Scunateam conatone= see 2 I To avoid excseshe responsa tia ofthe system, the ditanoa hetwaen tempeatin sense and the inecton point must be lower than use, where in (escands) is he maximum lable time fora sable process contro. For normal applications tux = 6 seconds is assumed and the maximum distance of the temperature sensor wth steam velocy = 20 ms is 100 meters accoraingly ‘33, PIPING LAYOUT * sight uns are described in clause 222 + In pping section running upto temperature sensor branches must be aoided Isolating valves are not alowed in downstream piping as the rain of outet secon of control ‘vale & generaly lover than the inet so. Difrentinstalations have tbe dcussod with Parcol before asking for an offer. This warring is partclatly important for HP. by-p35s -dasupetheating groups due tothe large ratings ditference. + zessure contol downstream the valve is fequent in cogeneration applcatons where Steam is used asa process fi. +88 outined in Fig. 2 pressure sensor should be located preferably In the straight run fection a a distance tom oul of contol vaive atleast 9+ ONZ a=Taam le sretstene o oe « 6 8 m7 2 6 m mx Fig. 6 Minimum distance between temperature sensor and injction point ” |_|! ig. 7 Gonectin ft tar ere Fig A Cetin fc owas epraie‘4, DRAINS “The main sources cf water sete png are the Ine condensate andthe non-evapcrated water ljesed tough he cesuperhecing eaulpment Fes water near ppg can cause severe corages fo pipelines de to dragging of water at very hgh steam voces Als, exceasve vations ana false do easy osc ‘laa te mesaureant stern temperature etongy alee by he presence fet wae, Steam canstonin ves 1-000 ane 9000 sores ree tobe potcied fom he carapy caused Dy ‘foe weta rtong the boy. Therefore sais are necessary uptream te ave Forsteam sondienng salon wah temperate canal, dowrateam Seam pipalines mast be water- free ar ts essertaltopovde an scurte sang. ‘nan wate njecton by ene clelsion performed, typical fr steam turbine bpaes to ro ine rinage oval reared prose hat dounsteam ping Mat he caren ope robe oat, 78 designed for a charge capacity nt ower han 10% to 15% ofthe asa neces enupereating wate Drie mut be oeted a he owes oto pe around the vale ‘To gurantee a complete colecion of water the erpieg (or srel-pt) recy woled to he pipe thoidhave a dsm: ht ss than te halo pipe ameter z { |— orc earn =) Ta T= Tecan fray ata Tastes pig. ote 2~ mandatory when downstream ping og Up ono se-craning. rato 3~ frthgo frangemonts he ononadon hs can connection poised on th vale Body ‘must boagrod wth Paro! ot = andar for Rowse Fig. 8= Drain arrangements around steam condoning conte valvesFig. 10 Angle body 1-5700 series “desuperheating contol vale Fig. 14 -Staightway globe type 1-5800 series desuperheatng contol valve =a5. PREHEATING Preheating of desuperheating contol vahe boy Is recommended depending on the: follwing considerations: = 'valve locaton By instaing the vave above the header ata distance not exceeding 5 x ON abort where DN isthe inlet valve dameter, an adequate prewarming is generally guaraniod and prehesting not netessary, + Yalve operator ‘The excessive thermal eying of inlet section of valve boty may occur when vale is normally operating inte closed postion (ypica for turbine by-pass appections) Ian ieolating vale is fited upstream the control valve (not required for turbine pplcations),k must be assured that the isolation valve wal be corecty opaned for Speratonal readiness of contol valve. + thea gradients Provided the condensate is ful removed from the body, preheating is strongly recommended wren temperature difference between Ive and saturated steam i over zor. Fig. 12s a simple quide to select preheating asa function of live steam condos ‘Avremark: the continuous. condensate draining can be considered as a praheating procedure having he ecope fo assure a body temperature not less than that of Sturaton In the case, according to above considerations, preheating is required, siferent ways to perform can be selected depending on the type of valve and piping layout Here below the most usual solutions 2) reckeulation of man steam ‘An aillary ne is derived from the lve steam line and the steam Is craw through the ‘ale body and restculate fo the same steam ine. ‘To accomplish ts arrangement the pressures of th take-off points (8) and () of by- 5 must bo suficiently efferent (minimum 0.5 ba). To produce ths pressure crop the head oes produced by steam flow hvough main pipeline is usualy enough Due to the reduced diameter of autary heating ne to avoid clogging due to condensate ua, steam fw should never been in opposite direction of ie slope Fig. 18 repors a faw examples of ausilary ine design for dierent steam piping tyous ) adjustable bypass valve or calbrated orice (Fig. 14) The heating stean injection pont is located in the downstream section of valve body and {he alferentil pressure through the nozzle Is the same ofthe main valve, ‘Ths soluton is recommended when healing of downsveam line necessary and downstream njace steam can be recovered by the process. For abovemantiored reasons this soliton fe no recommended where the vaWe out ‘connected tothe condense, ‘When used in hig pressure processes particular attention must be paid to the zl (4) which contol the heating flow because of the high involved Ap both in closed znd open poston. This vaho canbe replaced by a sutabe calbrated orice. ‘The sang ofpreteatng ine an steam fo rate can be provided by Parcl and sepends con he layout arrangement and valve pe, a=aot Fig. 13- Upsteam valve body and process line preheating performed by steam recirculation, rsdoe bsp conta ae Fig. 14- y-pase arrangements fo preheat uptream and downstream valve body and process ines . PROTECTION OF INJECTION POINT ter cipping can cause the inside pipe surface to crack due to thermal shock. \Where not otheruse specfid bythe manufacturer ofthe desuperheatr Its reconmended. to roect the piping against mechanical damages. The folowing solutons are usualy adopted rotectve jacket (ines) is installed (usualy applicable for stam ppe ameter over 6, 1 ultable thickness allowance is provided. Insialition of @ tne is technically the best solution because it warrants Coraining parts protecten in al working conditions. However, being the most expersive and Constuctvely exacting soluton, is usually adopted for continuous services vinen the Siference between the superhesied steam and the injected water more than 250°C. For steam turbine bypass, unless otherwise specified by the customer, Parcol prevdes an adelonal wall thickness as pipe protection for atleast 1.5:0N but not ess than 05 ‘The adtonal thickness value, in alton to design value aleady inclusive of corrosion alowance @ ss001-aT mm hee: AT: Ty-Teo y= eteam temperature Thos = Ines water temperature‘7, PROTECTION OF THERMOMETER WELL “The temperature sensor protection is recommended whenever the dstance tothe injection pont is cose fo the minimum value and where considerabe water amount Iected (Gesuperheating water flow rato over 25% of steam fo rate to be desupemested), ‘Thermometer wel protection is also recommended whenever one or more bends are present betwen water njetion point and temporatue sensor ‘Such a layut infact can produce separation of elomized water generating droplets that can. hithermomator well fecing measured temperature value. simu upstream pping length shall be not less than 6 DN. The protection may be manufactured as shown in Fig. 15 and is purpose i o avoid sensor waling by not evaporated water. N ==> Fig. 48— Typical desion of thermometer well protection 8, NOISE 4. PREDICTION ‘The prediction of o'se produced by a desuperheating contol valve wih downstresm water Injecbon is based on IEC 60534-8-3 standars equations. 142, ACOUSTIC INSULATION ‘Thermal insulation usualy fited on desupemeating valves end adjacent piping is an effective means to reduce noise produced by valve, depending on layout of downstream Piping. This Bonet s especialy important fr by-pass contol valves to condenser where Tinted engt f piping can be conveniently eubjcte to acoustical Weatment More datas on this mater are included In Parco documentation NT 7680,te 9. BLOW.oUT Uniess otherwise specied by mounting instuctons, the valve disassomby before welding into the piping is not strictly necessary, however ‘he upsteam piping must be cleaned and {fee from any said pale, fortis reason bow- ok Ym | “A y i | Fi, -Upsean pg f_ . pent ete with seat protection,10.CLEANLINESS ‘Throughout assembing operations actuator and vale should be protected to prevent any det, dust cor foreign matter fom entering the vale and actuator. We recommend to treat all parts wih an appropriate agent h the event of long dweling time between instalation and start-up ‘When nydrale acuators are provided, the oll connections mist be kept careful closed. In this Cate contol unis and other elactic devices must be inetaed just before start-op operations, ‘1.LIFETIME CONSIDERATIONS The operating service which ths type valves are intended to, Fequenty shows many changes of pressure and temperature, making efizal he fatgue resistanceat valve body. Unies otherwise requested these PARCOL valves are designed according to TRD 201 erteria in ‘order fo obtain the folowing performances: = maxinum cold start-up 2.000 + maximum corespondng combined oyces (hot startup) 10.000 * maximum allowed temperature gradient 2kimia For extreme design temperatures (above 545°C) the 9% Cr stel (SA 217 C12A, SA 182 F91) is normally used forthe construction of body and, i his ase, th calculation can lead to aflowable Temperate change rates up to 5 Kimin a better ‘Where longer ifetime is requested, the use of 8% Cr steel, or equivalent, Is mandatory to ‘quarantee an acceptable value of temperature change ra.PARCOL S.p.A. vis tonzo,2~ 20010 CANEGRATE (it) ITALY Telephone: #390351 413 111 Fax 39 0351404 215 Ermall gales arcoicort” tps i