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Shortage of Water
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Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
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Table of Contents

1. Importance of water Formatted: Font: (Default) Arial

1. Water has a finite supply that must not be wasted
2. Droughts are a disaster
Purifying and converting undrinkable water
3. Conserving water by being efficient Efficiency
3. Using water for daily Daily life
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ConclusionOn the Horizon Formatted: List Paragraph, Numbered + Level: 1 +

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Importance of water

Water is a resource that is vital to survival.goes much too underappreciated. 97.5% of the
world’s water is saltwater in the oceans. This means that only 2.5% of the world’s water is
freshwater, but most of it is unobtainable. 70% of the 2.5% of freshwater is trapped in polar ice
caps. 30% lies underground. Lastly, 0.00025% of water is readily available for human
consumption. It is hard to fathom how we can be wasting so much water when there is not much
available to people in the first place. Undoubtedly there is a water shortage in the United
Statesworld that is getting increasingly worse. Droughts are striking more frequentlystrike time
after time across the globe, and eventually it will affect everybody. Water shortage in the United
States is a problem that has temporary and everlasting solutions. A problem this dire needs to
be solved.

The amount of water available for use is extremely minuscule.

http://ygraph.com/chart/2410

Water has a finite supply that must not be wasted

Water is a finite resource. Water scarcity threatens the world as the largest problem facing
humanity in the near future. Because of water shortage there will be more fire hazards, more
poor communities lacking clean water, spread of disease, and farmers not producing enough
crops. The explosion of population in the world is one of the causes, but also people wasting
water is a huge problem. The average American household uses around 350 gallons of water a
day. Due to a lack of water conservation, the world is facing a water shortage that is only getting
worse. Every eight seconds a child loses his/her life due to a lack of clean drinking water.
Unfortunately, this statistic could get a lot worse if people in less developed areas are not able
to get the water that they need. Clearly this is a glaring issue that needs to see some resolution.
Experts estimate that some people in less developed areas use about three3 gallons of water
per day. That much is used by you and me with one single flush of the toilet. Simply turning off
the water faucet whilst brushing your teeth can save four4 gallons of water.

Droughts are a disaster

As a result ofBecause of poor rainfall and shortage of water, drought has recently been plaguing
the midwestMidwest and western United States. Almost every year since 2013, California
repeatedly breaks its own records on the levels of drought. Cities sometimes have tomust
switch to a state of emergency when a drought gets too severe and the water shortage
becomes very prominent. Important rivers that provide a water supply to the southwest such as
the Rio Grande are measured at having the lowest levels in over 70 years. Charlotte has even
implemented water restrictions back in 2008-2009 when the cityit did not not receive rain for
several weeks at a time. Residents of neighborhoods were not allowed to water their lawns at
all, and there were repercussions if caught doing so. The city itself decided to allocate 1.9
million gallons of water per day in spare capacity. That is what they werethe citty was trying to
save, and the restriction on irrigation was mostly a success because there were no further
measures.

All of Tthis information relates to the more serious water crisis in Cape Town, South Africa. The
largest reservoir has almost completely dried up leaving the citizens to be almost completely
water deprived. There will come a day in Cape Town, Day Zero, when there will be no more
water. This will force the citizens to travel elsewhere to obtain their water to survive. As of now,
the Day Zero in Cape Town is said to be April 21st or just mid-April. As frightening as this is, the
citizens have cut water usage to almost half to buy more time. Thankfully, no major United
States city has completely run out of water. East Porterville in rural California has experienced
complete water shortage in 2014 which did not relent until 2016. Water from other towns was
delivered and residents were forced to not take showers. Also, a material called gray water had
to be used for general plumbing which cost the city about $650,000 a month. That is a hefty
price tag to take care of a town of merely 7,000 people. Imagine what will happen when the
population of Cape Town hits Day Zero? 430,000+ people will be left without water which is
inherently more disastrous.

Purifying and converting undrinkable water Formatted: Space After: 12 pt

There are several solutions to the proposed water shortage in the global theatre. The first is a
solar powered water purifier. Hot climates suffer from water shortage the most, so it would
make sense to implement a solar powered water purifier. Good thing these purifiers already
exist, and they were invented by a 15 year old schoolgirl. Deepika Kurup invented a way to use
titanium dioxide and zinc oxide in containers that expose water to UV radiation that cleans the
water and makes it drinkable. This more so would help those that live in hot climates in
countries in Africa that primarily do not have access to clean drinking water. Those that do not
have access to consistent, clean sources of water will be able to purify what they have to make
it drinkable. In addition to a purifier, there also exists Lifesaver bottles which instantly make
water potable. The bottle pushes water through a 15 nanometer filter that cleans it of any
bacteria or viruses. This is especially effective because it is just a bottle that is not too
expensive to make or implement. Money should not be much of a concern with the purifier and
Lifesaver bottle. These devices could potentially be deployed all over in order to save people’s
lives from drinking water that is dirty or contaminated.

Water Conservation

Conserving water by being efficient

Efficiency

Water conservation is an appropriate solution for the crisis that plagues the world. By instilling
rules on water conservation, thousands of liters can be saved which can ultimately be used for
vastly more important activities like putting out California’s wildfires or giving it to thirsty children.
Showering is something that everybody does that wastes a significant amount of water. Having
more efficient showers or showering without water are solutions to the impending water
shortage. Most people turn the shower on and wait until the temperature is just warm enough,
and then step in. Among millions of Americans and millions around the world, this wastes an
egregious amount of water. To combat this, there are eco-friendly shower heads that can be
used. These mechanisms can have the desired temperature in under 30 seconds. There also
exists reservoir systems that can collect and recycle water used in a shower. One such was
invented by an Australian man named Peter Cullin in Adelaide. His device would save hundreds
of millions of gallons of water if it were just installed in 1,000 homes. Instead of the water going
down the drain when you first turn on the showerthe shower is first turned on, it goes into a
reservoir system that reheats it and pumps it back through theyour shower nozzle. Imagine the
impact on water conservation that could have worldwide if every home was required to have a
reservoir system. The United States would save an insurmountable amount of water by these
systems being deployed.

The idea of recycling water used for bathing is one that should be at the forefront of this
discussion. In addition to these shower systems, there exists dry bathing in which a lotion is
applied that contains essential oils and chemicals that kill germs and get rid of odor. This
technique is as effective as taking a shower, and it uses no water at all. Experts estimate that
the human species uses 9 trillion cubic meters of water every year. This number can be heavily
stifled with the right efficiency. This means turning off the water when brushing teeth or cleaning
dishes in the sink. If people fail to make the change to being more efficient, the United States
government will undoubtedly attempt to make an efforttry to preserve what is left of theour
water. Cities sometimes have tomust switch to a state of emergency when a drought gets too
severe and the water shortage becomes very prominent.

Using water for daily lifeDaily Life

A fact people do not inherently think of everyday is that iIt takes water to make energy, produce
food, and make/transport products. The lights in our homes are kept on by power plants that
use water to make energy and power that is transported to our homes. Water can be saved by
turning off the lights when not being usedneeded and not leaving appliances on all ofall the
time. That is a habit that is easier said than done, so the more simple solution would be to buy
energy efficient lights and outlets. These limit how much energy the appliance or light can draw
from the outlet at one time. You can make your hHomes can become supremely energy efficient
to reduce the amount of electricity used which ultimately cuts down on the water that you use as
a person.used. Power strips are a great piece of equipment that you can be plugged into your
outlets. They manage the flow of electricity from all of the sources that are plugged in, and you
can simply flip the switch can be flipped on or off when it is not being used byyou are not using
any of them so as to not shut off every little piece of hardware.

Practically everything that a personyou buys, uses, or consumes uses water because of the
processes used to make them. In the industrial applications, water is used to clean machines,
as a wet coolant, and to power large machines. It basically cost 40,000 gallons of water to make
one car. Carbon dioxide, also known as CO2, can replace water usage in factories. In its solid
state, when it is shot out of a pressurized nozzle it becomes dry ice particles that can be
accelerated very quickly. Using this method to clean is highly efficient; It uses no water, and the
carbon dioxide can be reused time after time to keep cleaning different machines or products. A
big factor here is reusing water and recycling products. It is an idea that even bBusinesses and
manufacturers can use these methods to save water. Recycling is a big factor because it saves
factories from using so much water to make water bottles or boxes. To save water, everybody
should recycle everything in their home that is recyclable and be mindful of recyclable items that
are purchased.

Conclusion On the Horizon

The United Statesworld is facing a global water crisis that will have many fighting for a clean
glass of water to drink in the morning. There is a shortage that has put restrictions on water
usage. in various countries across the world. With water being such a limited, finite resource, it
should not be wasted as much. Americans waste an abundance of water, and droughts that
strike dry up reservoirs and wells worldwide. To combat this, there should be a global
implementation of cheap water purifiers and water conversion bottles. Energy and transportation
use water and this should be taken into consideration.in the minds of everyone. People should
also take the initiative and start conserving water so that doomsday is not due to lack of
water. Efficiency and awareness is the key to saving the United Statesworld from a crisis that
we should not have.
References

Barber, Megan. "Cape Town water crisis continues: Are U.S. cities next?." Curbed. 16 Feb
2018.
Web. 1 Mar 2018. <http://www.curbed.com/2018/2/16/17013532/cape-town-water-crisis-
drought>.

Rinkesh. "Water Shortage: Causes, Effects and Solutions." Conserve Energy Future. 2009.
Web. 1 Mar 2018. <http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-solutions-of-
water-shortage.php>.

Telpande, Janhavi. "Water Crisis Has Become The Biggest Problem The World Is Facing
Today." Youth Ki Awaaz: Citizen Journalism & News, Voice Of Youth. YKA, 11 Apr
2017. Web. 1 Mar 2018. <http://www.youthkiawaaz.com/2017/04/water-water-
everywhere-but-not-a-drop-to-drink/>.

Torralba, Mike. “Outdoor Watering Facing Severe Limits.” Charlotte Observer, The Charlotte
Observer Newspaper, 28 Sept. 2008,
www.charlotteobserver.com/latest/news/article9012047.html.

"Water Facts - Save the Water™." Home - Save the Water™.Web. 1 Mar 2018.
<http://savethewater.org/education-resources/water-facts/>

Wikstrom, Jon. "6 Solutions to the Water Shortage Crisis." TriplePundit. 25 Jun 2015. Web. 1
Mar 2018. <https://www.triplepundit.com/2015/06/innovative-solutions-water-shortage-
crisis/>.
The world is facing a global water crisis that will have many fighting for a clean glass of water to
drink in the morning. There is a shortage that has put restrictions on water usage in various
countries across the world. With water being such a limited, finite resource, it should not be
wasted as much. Americans waste an abundance of water, and droughts that strike dry up
reservoirs and wells worldwide. To combat this, there should be a global implementation of
cheap water purifiers and water conversion bottles. Energy and transportation use water and
this should be in the minds of everyone. People should also take the initiative and start
conserving water so that doomsday is not due to lack of water. Efficiency and awareness is the
key to saving the world from a crisis that we should not have.