POLLUTIO Most kinds of pollution in streams and rivers affect the amount of dissolved in the water. The presences or absences of aquatic animals can indicate the levels of pollution. This is because different kinds of animal need different amounts of oxygen. Some animals need a lot of oxygen in order to survive compared to others. ‘One way to measure pollution is to give ‘pollution’ scores to animals, For example, animals which need a lot of oxygen dissolved in water and cannot bear pollution may be given a high score (10 in our table); those that can live in highly polluted places are given a low score (1-2 in our table). There re lots of animals which fall in between. NOTES, The scores in the table here will only work in streams and rivers with running water still weiter lee ponds and loes. Neither can they be used in brackish stream near the sec. Also note that these scores do not measure pollution from some chemicals such as mercury or some pesticides. HOW To USE THE TABLE If you find an animal (even if it is only ona) in any category, matk its score in the box. You can only count each type ONCE. After you have looked at all you animals, add the scores for each of the boxes and then take the average by dividing the total score by the number of the animal types you have noted in the table, The result is the Water Quality Index. Use the Water Quallity Index to assess the water quality where: ©© Score 7.6 - 10: very clean water; © Score 5.1 = 7.5: rather clean = clean water; © Score 2.6 - 5.0: rather dirty water -— average; © Score 1.0 - 2.5: dirty water; ©@ Score 0: very dirty water (no life at all) INDICATOR MACROINVERTEBRATE Score Stonefly nymph 10 Flattened mayfly nymphs 10 Prong-gilied mayfly nymphs 10 Spiny crawling mayfly nymphs 10 Caddisfly larvae with sand/gravel_— | 4g cases Caseless caddisfly larvae (except) | 10 Long-mouthed saucer bugs 10 Dobsonfly larvae River prawns. Caddisfly larvae with cases made from leat Dragonfly nymph Damsetfly nymph Freshwater timpets Swan mussels Pagoda snails Lesser water boatmen Greater water boatmen Other water bugs Adult beetles Beetle larvae Flatworms Other fly larvae (except *) Common net spinner larvae" Swimming mayfly nymphs Square-gilled mayfly nymphs Freshwater shrimps Alderfly larvae Other snails Pea cockles Water hoglouse River crabs Leeches Rat-tailed maggots* Non-biting midge larvae* Segmented worms apne flees ele le lelelole]a[a[e[elelel s [ale Total Score Number of animal types WATER QUALITY INDEX Assessment of water quality of streamL IL II. Iv. dsszes taxon szama Indikatorcsoportok we Pp kenység Bh oe) G x Mi / Mi Alkérészek (Plecoptera) Erezett kérészek (Heptagentidae) Fee P Hezas tegzesek (Trichoptera) f { ~ 3 ‘Sapkacsigak (Ancylitae) —Kerészek (Ephemeroptera) Kivétel a Heptageniidae . Vy VY 5 goa Y y - : \ 1A ee i \ S 4 [Fenékjaré poloska — Saitakoték Boharak Puhatestek (Aphetocharus) (Odonata). «= (Gammanidac} (Mottisca) litl spreerze bs Areyhie i ( 5 Vizidsoke Miectis Gombkagylik Poloskak fAsefus) [Hinsdinea) (Sohaeridae) (Hemiptera) {kivétel az Aphelocheirus) i ‘ eo 6 Csbvédféreg (Tubifcidae) Arvasatnyogok (Chtonamus humm pumosus) comer 7 Herelégr/ pecker Syrpnidae)Fauna: When describing soil fauna, use the name (Figure 2.3), e.g., few earthworms, several nematodes. Label Fauna Label Fauna A Mites (Acarina) G Woodlice (Isopoda) B Springtails H Centipedes and millipedes (Collembola) (Myriapoda) G Spiders (Araneida) I Termites (Isoptera) D Fly larvae (Diptera) J Earthworms (Lumbricida) E Beetles and larvae K Potworms (Enchytraeida) (Coleoptera) F Ants (Hymenoptera) L Nematodes (Nematoda)