Organic Chemistry

Lecture Notes, Study Materials and Important questions answers

Subject : Organic Chemistry

Structure and bonding
1. Atomic structure of carbon - Answer (click here)
2. Covalent bonding and hybridization - Answer (click here)
3. sp3 Hybridization - Answer (click here)
4. sp2 Hybridization - Answer (click here)
5. sp Hybridization - Answer (click here)
6. Bonds and hybridized centers - Answer (click here)

Alkanes and cycloalkanes

1. Alkanes and cycloalkanes - Answer (click here)
2. Alkanes and cycloalkanes: Drawing structures - Answer (click here)
3. Alkanes and cycloalkanes: Nomenclature - Answer (click here)

Functional groups
1. Organic Chemistry: Recognition of functional groups - Answer (click here)
2. Aliphatic and aromatic functional groups - Answer (click here)
3. Intermolecular bonding - Answer (click here)
4. Functional groups: Properties and reactions - Answer (click here)
5. Nomenclature of compounds with functional groups - Answer (click here)
6. Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary nomenclature - Answer (click
here)

Stereochemistry
1. Constitutional isomers - Answer (click here)
2. Configurational isomers – alkenes and cycloalkanes - Answer (click here)
3. Configurational isomers - optical isomers - Answer (click here)
4. Conformational isomers - Answer (click here)
Nucleophiles and electrophiles
1. Nucleophiles and electrophiles: Definition - Answer (click here)
2. Nucleophiles and electrophiles: Charged species - Answer (click here)
3. Nucleophiles and electrophiles: Neutral inorganic species - Answer (click
here)
4. Nucleophiles and electrophiles: Organic structures - Answer (click here)

Reactions and mechanisms

1. Organic Chemistry Reactions - Answer (click here)
2. Organic Chemistry Mechanisms - Answer (click here)

Acidbase reactions
1. Brønsted–Lowry acids and bases - Answer (click here)
2. Acid strength - Answer (click here)
3. Base strength - Answer (click here)
4. Lewis acids and bases - Answer (click here)
5. Enolates - Answer (click here)

Alkenes and alkynes

1. Preparation of alkenes and alkynes - Answer (click here)
2. Properties of alkenes and alkynes - Answer (click here)
3. Electrophilic addition to symmetrical alkenes - Answer (click here)
4. Electrophilic addition to unsymmetrical alkenes - Answer (click here)
5. Carbocation stabilization - Answer (click here)
6. Reduction and oxidation of alkenes - Answer (click here)
7. Hydroboration of alkenes - Answer (click here)
8. Electrophilic additions to alkynes - Answer (click here)
9. Reduction of alkynes - Answer (click here)
10. Alkylation of terminal alkynes - Answer (click here)
11. Conjugated dienes - Answer (click here)

Aromatic chemistry
1. Aromaticity - Answer (click here)
2. Aromatic chemistry: Preparation and properties - Answer (click here)
3. Electrophilic substitutions of benzene - Answer (click here)
4. Synthesis of mono-substituted benzenes - Answer (click here)
5. Electrophilic substitutions of mono-substituted aromatic rings - Answer
 (click here)
6. Synthesis of di- and tri-substituted benzenes - Answer (click here)
7. Aromatic chemistry: Oxidation and reduction - Answer (click here)

Aldehydes and ketones

1. Preparation of Aldehydes and ketones - Answer (click here)
2. Properties of Aldehydes and ketones - Answer (click here)
3. Nucleophilic addition - Aldehydes and ketones - Answer (click here)
4. Nucleophilic addition – charged nucleophiles - Answer (click here)
5. Aldehydes and ketones: Electronic and steric effects - Answer (click here)
6. Nucleophilic addition - nitrogen nucleophiles - Answer (click here)
7. Nucleophilic addition - oxygen and sulfur nucleophiles - Answer (click
here)
8. Aldehydes and ketones: Reactions of enolate ions - Answer (click here)
9. Aldehydes and ketones: α-Halogenation - Answer (click here)
10. Aldehydes and ketones: Reduction and oxidation - Answer (click here)
11. Aldehydes and ketones: α,β-Unsaturated aldehydes and ketones - Answer
(click here)

Carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid derivatives

1. Structure and properties of Carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid
derivatives - Answer (click here)
2. Nucleophilic substitution - Carboxylic acids - Answer (click here)
3. Reactivity of Carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid derivatives - Answer
(click here)
4. Preparations of carboxylic acids - Answer (click here)
5. Preparations of carboxylic acid derivatives - Answer (click here)
6. Reactions of Carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid derivatives - Answer
(click here)
7. Enolate reactions - Carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid derivatives -
Answer (click here)

Alkyl halides
1. Preparation and physical properties of alkyl halides - Answer (click here)
2. Alkyl halides: Nucleophilic substitution - Answer (click here)
3. Alkyl halides: Factors affecting SN2 versus SN1 reactions - Answer (click
here)
4. Alkyl halides: Elimination - Answer (click here)
5. Alkyl halides: Elimination versus substitution - Answer (click here)
6. Reactions of alkyl halides - Answer (click here)
 7. Alkyl halides: Organometallic reactions - Answer (click here)

Alcohols phenols and thiols

1. Preparation of alcohols - Answer (click here)
2. Preparation of phenols - Answer (click here)
3. Properties of alcohols and phenols - Answer (click here)
4. Reactions of alcohols - Answer (click here)
5. Reactions of phenols - Answer (click here)
6. Chemistry of thiols - Answer (click here)

Ethers epoxides and thioethers

1. Preparation of ethers, epoxides, and thioethers - Answer (click here)
2. Properties of ethers, epoxides, and thioethers - Answer (click here)
3. Reactions of ethers, epoxides, and thioethers - Answer (click here)

Amines and nitriles

1. Preparation of amines - Answer (click here)
2. Properties of amines - Answer (click here)
3. Reactions of amines - Answer (click here)
4. Chemistry of nitriles - Answer (click here)

Organic spectroscopy and analysis

1. Spectroscopy - Answer (click here)
2. Visible and ultra violet spectroscopy - Answer (click here)
3. Infra-red spectroscopy - Answer (click here)
4. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: Introduction - Answer
(click here)
5. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Answer (click here)
6. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: Spin-spin coupling -
Answer (click here)
7. 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Answer (click here)
8. Mass spectroscopy - Answer (click here)