Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
vishalnimavat@gmail.com, grkulkarni29264@rediffmail.com
ABSTRACT--Mobile radio communications in cellular radio take place between a fixed base station (bs) and
mobile stations (ms). From the research that have been taken place over the years, those involving
characterisation an modeling of the radio propagation channel are amongst the most important and
fundamental. The propagation channel is the principal contributor to many problems and limitations the best
mobile radio systems. One obvious example is multipath propagation which is the major characteristic of
mobile radio channels. It is caused by diffraction and scattering from terrain features and buildings, that
leads to distortion in analogue communication systems and severely affects the performance of digital systems
by reducing the carrier –to-noise and carrier-to interference ratios. A physical understanding on
mathematical modeling of the channel is very important because it facilitates more accurate prediction of
system performance and provides the mechanism to test and evaluate methods to see the effects caused by the
radio channel. The main objective of this paper is to select one of the propagation prediction model and used
this model to develop (GUI based) an interface using Matlab software. With this simulation, hope that this
interface can be one of the friendly interface to the user.
Keywords: FSPL, Okumura Model, Cost 231 Model, SUI Model, ECC-33 Model, Cost 231 W-I Model,
Ericsson Model
I.INTRODUCTION
By combining analytical and empirical methods A. Free Space Path Loss Model (FSPL):
the propagation models are derived. Propagation Path loss in FSPL defines how much strength of the
models are used for calculation of electromagnetic signal is lost during propagation from transmitter to
field strength for the purpose of wireless network receiver. FSPL is diverse on frequency and distance.
planning during preliminary deployment. It describes
the signal attenuation from transmitter to receiver
antenna as a function of distance, carrier frequency, The calculation is done by using the following
antenna heights and other significant parameters like equation.
terrain profile (e.g. urban, suburban and rural).
where d is in km and f is in MHz
Considered PATHLOSS B. Okumura Model
Hata Model is the popular model that being used to Okumura’s model is used to predict the path loss in
calculated the losses in urban, sub-urban and open suburban and rural environments.
areas. This model can improve the problems that
came from rough terrain, buildings, reflection,
(2)
moving vehicle and shadowing which bring bad
accuracy to the radio communication. This model is
where,
being extended from Okumura Model which all of
the graphical form is described into mathematical
form in Hata Model.
(3)
(13)
G. Ericsson Model
To predict the path loss, the network planning
engineers are used a software provided by Ericsson
company is called Ericsson model. This model also
stands on the modified Okumura-Hata model to
allow room for changing in parameters according to
(H) PATH LOSS IN SUB RURAL AREA FOR produce more accurate and reliable predictions of the
LARGE CITY path loss than the empirical methods. However they
are significantly more expensive in computational
effort and depend on the detailed and accurate
description of all objects in the propagation space
such as buildings, roofs, windows, doors and walls.
For these reasons they are used predominantly for
short propagation paths. Every propagation models
has its own advantage and disadvantage. Choosing a
method appropriate to the specific problem under
consideration is a vital step in reaching a valid
prediction.