Grammar: Shopping For Clothes

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GRAMMAR
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Shopping for Clothes
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Module 1, Lesson 5
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LINC HOME STUDY Module 1 Lesson 5
PART A: Singular and Plural Nouns
Singular – means ONE

Plural – means TWO or more
Do you know how to make nouns plural?
(How can you say there is more than one thing?)
Plural Nouns:
To show there is more than one of something - add “s” to most nouns
ONE (singular) TWO or more (plural)
1 boot 2 or more boots
1 shoe 2 or more shoes
1 hat 2 or more hats
2
Examples:
car cars
student students
friend friends
teacher teachers
ball balls
Spelling Rules:
What is a vowel? What is a consonant?
The English alphabet has 26 letters. There are two kinds of letters in the English alphabet: vowels and
consonants. These two terms are very important when we are studying spelling rules.
Vowel:
There are 5 vowels in the English language:

a e i o u
Consonant:
There are 21 consonants in the English language:

b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w x y z
3
Exercise 1
Some of the letters below are vowels, and some of the letters are consonants. Write
vowel or consonant on the line after each letter.
Example: f consonant o vowel
1. d 10. i
2. g 11. m
3. a 12. b
4. s 13. t
5. o 14. e
6. w 15. j
7. h 16. k
8. x 17. y
9. u 18. v
4
Special Plural Spellings:
a) When a noun ends in s, ss, ch, x, add ‘”es” to make the plural.
bus buses
dress dresses
church churches
box boxes
(b) when a word (noun) ends with “y” we have to look at the letter that comes before the “y”
before making it plural:
(i) If the letter before the “y” is a vowel, is add “s” to make it plural.
toy toys
boy boys
(ii) If the letter before the “y” is a consonant, change the “y” to “i” and add “es” to
make it plural.
party parties
baby babies
dictionary dictionaries
(c) When a (noun) ends in “f” or “fe”, change the “f” or “fe” into a “v” and add “es” to
make it plural.
scarf scarves
knife knives
wife wives 5
life lives
(e) Some (nouns) have irregular plural forms. That means they do not follow any rules to make
them plural.
man men
child children
woman women
(f) The words for many clothes are already plural in their meaning.
Clothes which you can say “a pair of “ or “a set of “ are already plural
in meaning.
Examples:
pants
shorts
glasses
To make these plural, use the word “pair” or “set”
Examples:
I have two pairs of pants.
She has ten pairs of shorts.
They have three sets of glasses.
6
Exercise 2
Write the plural of these words.
1. shirt ______________________________
2. sweater ______________________________
3. dress ______________________________
4. shorts ______________________________
5. umbrella ______________________________
6. bracelet ______________________________
7. jeans ______________________________
8. coat ______________________________
9. watch ______________________________
10. blouse ______________________________
Exercise 3
Some of the nouns below have the wrong plural forms. Correct these mistakes. If
they are correct, put a check mark (√) on the line.
1. echo echos _________________
2. bus buss __________________
3. doctor doctors ________________
4. pen pens __________________
5. house houses ________________
6. hero heros __________________
7. game games _________________
8. box boxes _________________
7
Exercise 4
Write plural forms
1. pen ______________________________
2. lesson ______________________________
3. country ______________________________
4. husband ______________________________
5. university ______________________________
6. witch ______________________________
7. brush ______________________________
8. tomato ______________________________
Exercise 5
Fill in the blank with the correct plural form.

1. one blouse for $20.00 two for $40.00
2. one dress for $50.00 three ____ for $150.00
3. one belt for $22.00 five for $110.00
4. one necklace for $10.00 two for $20.00
5. one tie for $9.50 four for $38.00
6. one watch for $65.00 two for $130.00
7. one hat for $25.00 three __ for $75.00
8. one purse for $40.00 two for $80.00
8
PART B: The verb “To be”

is/are – Use the verb “to be” with this, that, those, to talk about nouns.
Use with is (singular) Use with are (plural)

it is they are
this is my car These are my children.
that is your friend Those are your books.
Exercise 6
Write “this” or “these” on the line.
1. _________________skirt is too big.
2. _________________glasses are too small.
3. _________________coat is too long.
4. _________________ shoes are just right.
5. _________________ hat is too big.
6. _________________shirt is too short.
Exercise 7
Write “that” or “those” on the line.
1. _________________boots are on sale.
2. _________________shirt is on sale.
3. _________________ gloves are on sale.
4. _________________blouse is on sale.
5. _________________shoes are on sale.
6. _________________ socks are on sale.
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PART C: Asking questions
Asking Questions
1. Where – asks questions about location

example: Where are your boots? They are behind the shoes.
2. How – asks questions about description

example: How are they? They’re too small.
3. How much – asks questions about price

example: How much are they? They’re $75.00.
Exercise 8
Complete these questions by using WHERE, HOW, or HOW MUCH.
1. Question: _________________ is it?

Answer: It’s too big
2. Question: _________________is it?

Answer: It’s fourteen dollars.
3. Question: _________________is it?

Answer: It’s near the door.
4. Question: _________________ are those?

Answer: They’re ten dollars.
5. Question: _________________ are those?

Answer: They’re good.
10
Exercise 9
Write the correct word. Use THIS, THAT, THESE or THOSE.
1. How much is ______________________coat?
2. How are ______________________ shoes?
3. Do you like ______________________? (hat)
4. How much is ______________________car?
5. How are ______________________ books?
6. Where are ______________________ keys?
7. How is ______________________coffee?
8. How much do ___________________ties cost?
Exercise 10
Use “is” or “are” to make these sentences. Circle the correct answer.
1. How much is / are those shoes?
2. How is / are my book?
3. How is / are my glasses?
4. How much is / are this coat?
5. Where is / are my boots?
6. How is/are my hat?
7. Where is/are my keys?
8. Where is/are the stores?
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PART D: The Adverb “Too”
TOO
We use “too” to say how something is not acceptable in some way.
Example
This hat is too small.

These shoes are too big.
This shirt is too long.
This dress is too expensive.
Exercise 11
Look at the picture and tell what is wrong?
1.___________________________________
2.___________________________________
3.___________________________________
4.___________________________________
5._______________________________
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PART E: Prepositions of Direction
Prepositions of Direction:
around, up, across, down, along, into, out of, through, to, from
13
1. The street goes around the movie theatre.
2. The man is walking up the street.
3. The coffee shop is across the street.
4. The woman is falling down.
5. A woman is walking her dog along the street.
6. The man is getting into his car.
7. The boy is getting out of the taxi.
8. The children are going to school.
9. The woman is waving from the phone booth.
Prepositions
Prepositions relate words in a sentence. They show direction, time, location or relationship.
14
PART F: Prepositions of Time
Prepositions of Time:
before, after, during, for, until, around (about)
HOURS
Mon. 9:00-3:00
Tues. 9:00-3:00
Wed. 9:00-3:00
Thurs. 9:00-3:00
Fri. 9:00-
3:00
Sat. Closed
Sun. Closed
1. The bank does not open before 9:00a.m.
2. The bank is closed after 3:00p.m.
3. From 9:00am to 3:00pm the bank is open.
4. The bank is open for six hours each day, Monday until Friday.
5. The bank is open during the week until 3:00p.m.
6. At 3p.m. each weekday, The bank closes.
7. During the weekend, the bank is closed.
8. Around 9a.m., someone unlocks the bank door each weekday morning.
15
PART G: Prepositions of Place
Preposition of Place:
under, over, behind, in front of, between, next to, in, beside, above
1. The pants are hanging under the boxes.
2. The purses are on the shelf over the jackets.
3. The suitcase is behind the purses.
4. The purses are in front of the suitcase.
5. The running shoes are between the boots.
6. The jackets are next to the pants.
7. The belts are in the drawer.
8. The hats are beside the pants.
9. The boxes are above the pants.

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PART H: Prepositions of Relationship
Preposition of Relationship:
by (communication) We will do it by phone.
I will send it to you by mail.
by (transportation) I go to school by bus.
of (materials) This ring is made of gold.
of (possession) Ottawa is the capital of Canada.
with (tools) I will cut the steak with a knife.
with (together) She is walking with her mother.
without (not with) I will do it without you.
for We will have eggs for breakfast.
from (location) She is from Japan.
Examples:
1. You can now shop by phone.
2. I will be going to the mall by subway.
3. This belt is made of leather.
4. Toronto is the capital of Ontario.
5. I clear the snow with a shovel.
6. I like shopping with my husband.
7. I will never shop without someone.
8. I am waiting for the next bus.
9. I am from Canada.
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PART I: Prepositions of Expression

Expressions with Prepositions “in”, “on”, and “at”
Expressions with “in”
in the evening  We go to work in the evening.
in the morning  In the morning we go to school.
in the afternoon  We will go shopping in the afternoon.
in spring  Flowers bloom in spring.
in 1999  There was a hurricane in 1999.
in March  Spring is in March.
Expressions with “on”
on Monday  We have an appointment on Monday.
on January 16  We will go skiing on January 16.
on weekends  We work on weekends.
on time  He is never on time for class.
Expressions with “at”
at night  I work only at night.
at 5 a.m.  I get up at 5 a.m.
at midnight  We always go to bed at midnight.
at noon  She has lunch at noon.
at the moment  We are busy at the moment.
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Exercise 12
Fill in the blanks.

1. I always go to work _________________ bus.
2. She lives _________________ to me. We are neighbours.
3. Keiko can’t refuse going _________________ a shoe store.
4. I will come _________________ 8 pm.
5. She is sitting _________________ John and Marco.
6. Paula is getting _________________ her car.
7. Misha is hitting the nail _________________ a hammer.
8. He is first in the line. I’m standing right _________________ him.

9. What are you going to have _________________ dinner?
10. The plane is flying _________________ the building.
11. I will see you _________________ June.
12. Petra usually gets up _________________ 6:45 am.

13. You need to go _________________ this door to get to the main building.
14. I want to go ________ to the 6th floor and then I will go ________ to the 3rd floor.
15. We will meet _________________ Tuesday.
16. I’m very busy now. I will talk _________________ you later.
17. The moment Keiko walked _________________ the store she felt comfortable.
18. We will wait here _________________ 20 minutes.
19. I have an appointment _________________ May 4th.
20. I will stay here _________________ midnight.
21. He is telling us to be quiet _________________ the movie.
22. I will never go on vacation _________________ you.
23. He is waiting for me _________________ my building.
24. This ring is made _________________ silver.
25. I always eat dinner _________________ a knife and fork.
26.Where do you come _________________ ?
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PART J: Using Can and Cannot (Can’t)
Can / Cannot (can’t)
You use “can” when you want to say what you know how to do.
Example: I know how to drive a car. = I can drive a car.
You use “cannot” or “can’t” when you want to say what you don’t know how to do.
Example: He doesn’t know how to cook. = He can’t cook.
Table #1: Positive Statements
Subject Pronoun
I
You
She
He + can + verb (play, run, skate)
It
We
They
Table #2: Negative Statements
Subject Pronoun
I
You
She
He + can’t (cannot) + verb (speak, study, swim)
It
We
They
Questions:
We put the word “can” in front of the subject pronoun to make questions.
Example: How fast can you type?
20
Table #3: Questions
Subject Pronoun
I
you
she
can + he + verb (dance, laugh, act)
it
we
they
21
Exercise 13
Write what you can or can’t do.

Example: I can speak English.
I can’t speak Latin.
Exercise 14
Form questions with “can.”

Example: she, Chinese, speak
Can she speak Chinese?
1. he, fast, run ___________________________________________________
2. a motorcycle, they, ride _________________________________________
3. they, with, computers, work_______________________________________
4. do, the laundry, your son _________________________________________
5. very well, swim, you ____________________________________________
6. the car, repair, John _____________________________________________
7. math, teach, my daughter, you _____________________________________
8. room, paint, he, my _____________________________________________
22
Exercise 15
Ask your learning partner eight questions about things that she/he can or cannot do.
Write down your questions and your partner’s answers.
Example: Can you ?

You write: Can you dance rock and roll?
Your partner says: Yes, I can.
You write: Yes, she/he can.
1. Can you ___________________________________________________?
_____________________________________________________________
2. Can you ______________________________________________________?

_____________________________________________________________
3. Can you ______________________________________________________?

_____________________________________________________________
4. Can you ______________________________________________________?

_____________________________________________________________
5. Can you ______________________________________________________?

____________________________________________________________
6. Can you ______________________________________________________?

____________________________________________________________
7. Can you ______________________________________________________?

_____________________________________________________________
8. Can you ______________________________________________________?

____________________________________________________________
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Grammar: Shopping For Clothes

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qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui

PART A: Singular and Plural Nouns

Singular – means ONE

Do you know how to make nouns plural?

(How can you say there is more than one thing?)

ONE (singular) TWO or more (plural)

1 boot 2 or more boots

1 shoe 2 or more shoes

1 hat 2 or more hats

What is a vowel? What is a consonant?

There are 5 vowels in the English language:

There are 21 consonants in the English language:

Example: f consonant o vowel

Special Plural Spellings:

ONE (singular) TWO or more (plural)

ONE (singular) TWO or more (plural)

ONE (singular) TWO or more (plural)

Write the plural of these words.

10. blouse ______________________________

1. echo echos _________________

2. bus buss __________________

3. doctor doctors ________________

4. pen pens __________________

5. house houses ________________

6. hero heros __________________

7. game games _________________

8. box boxes _________________

Write plural forms

Fill in the blank with the correct plural form.

2. one dress for $50.00 three ____ for $150.00

3. one belt for $22.00 five for $110.00

4. one necklace for $10.00 two for $20.00

5. one tie for $9.50 four for $38.00

6. one watch for $65.00 two for $130.00

7. one hat for $25.00 three __ for $75.00

8. one purse for $40.00 two for $80.00

PART B: The verb “To be”

Use with is (singular) Use with are (plural)

Write “this” or “these” on the line.

1. _________________skirt is too big.

2. _________________glasses are too small.

3. _________________coat is too long.

4. _________________ shoes are just right.

5. _________________ hat is too big.

6. _________________shirt is too short.

Write “that” or “those” on the line.

1. _________________boots are on sale.

3. _________________ gloves are on sale.

5. _________________shoes are on sale.

6. _________________ socks are on sale.

PART C: Asking questions

1. Where – asks questions about location

2. How – asks questions about description

3. How much – asks questions about price

Complete these questions by using WHERE, HOW, or HOW MUCH.

1. Question: _________________ is it?

2. Question: _________________is it?

3. Question: _________________is it?

4. Question: _________________ are those?

5. Question: _________________ are those?

Write the correct word. Use THIS, THAT, THESE or THOSE.

1. How much is ______________________coat?

2. How are ______________________ shoes?