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HIGH-VALUE
PROPERTY
ASCOTECH SPRINKLER
Fire & Security s.r.l.
Via De Gasperi,8 20010 Bareggio (MI) Tel/Fax 02 90361454
e-mail: ascotech_spkr@ascotech-spkr.it
C.F./P.I.07771840969 Reg. Imp. R.E.A. 1980787
www.ascotech-spkr.it
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
WARRANTY
ASCOTECH SPRINKLER, warrant its products to be of good materials and
workmanship, except that any material, equipment or part not made by Ascotech
will bear only the same warranty from Ascotech as the supplier shall give to it. This
warranty is effective only if the products are used as directed, are not subjected to
misuse, negligence or accident and are not altered, treated or repaired by others
than Ascotech in any respect which, in Ascotech judgment, effects its condition or
operation. Ascotech makes no warranties of freedom from patent infringement, of
merchantability, of fitness for a particular purpose or arising from a course of
dealing or usage of trade or other like or different express or implied warranties
except as made above.
The exclusive remedy for breach of this warranty shall be to give Ascotech written
notice thereof and to return the non-conforming product to Ascotech f.o.b. Its plant
within thirty days after the buyer has received the same. Thereupon Ascotech at
its election shall repair or replace the same or repay the price thereof. No
proximate, incidental, consequential or other damages shall be recoverable.
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
FUNDAMENTALS OF FOAM
SECTION
Why Foam Works Foam Quality General Rules A
of Foam Application ... Proportioning How INTRODUCTION
Proportioning Equipment Works
FOAM SECTION
What it is . . . How it work . . . What it Does . . . B
How To Apply it . . . Recommended Application FOAM
GLOSSARY SECTION
Foam Glossary ... Rules Reference G
GLOSSARY
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
A
INTRODUCTION
A-1M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
A
INTRODUCTION
A-2M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
A
INTRODUCTION
A-3M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
A
INTRODUCTION
A-4M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
A
INTRODUCTION
A-5M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
A
INTRODUCTION
A-6M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
B
FOAM
B-1M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
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B
FOAM
B-2M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
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B
FOAM
B-3M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
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B
FOAM
B-4M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
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C
PROPORTIONING
METHODS &
EQUIPMENT
C-1M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
C
PROPORTIONING
METHODS &
EQUIPMENT
C-2M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
C
PROPORTIONING
METHODS &
EQUIPMENT
C-3M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
C
PROPORTIONING
METHODS &
EQUIPMENT
C-4M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
C
PROPORTIONING
METHODS &
EQUIPMENT
C-5M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
C
PROPORTIONING
METHODS &
EQUIPMENT
C-6M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
D
STORAGE TANK
PROTECTION
D-1M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
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D
STORAGE TANK
PROTECTION
D-2M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
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D
STORAGE TANK
PROTECTION
D-3M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
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D
STORAGE TANK
PROTECTION
D-4M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
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D
STORAGE TANK
PROTECTION
D-5M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
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D
STORAGE TANK
PROTECTION
D-6M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
ENGINEERING SYSTEM E
FROM CONCEPT-THROUGH-TO COMPLETION ENGINEERING
E-1M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
E
ENGINEERING
SURFACE APPLICATION
The application of foam to the fuel surface is accomplished with a dedicated foam
supply pipe to either foam chambers or floating roof foam makers. Both devices
are air-aspirating and direct the stream down the inside wall of the tank. Tank
style dictates which type of discharge device can be used.
Cone roof tanks (with or without internal floaters) require the use of foam
chambers for surface application. Because foam chambers contain a vapor seal,
they prevent the entrance of flammable vapors into the supply piping. Unlike
foam chambers, floating roof foam makers do not contain vapor seals and
therefore cannot be used with cone roof tanks. See page E-2M for cone roof
surface application flow chart.
Floating roof tanks can be protected with either floating roof foam makes or
foam chambers.
Because piping from the floating roof foam maker is above the floating roof of the
tank an open to atmosphere, flammable vapors are minimized and a vapor seal
is not required. See page E-12M for floating roof surface application flow chart.
E-2M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
E
ENGINEERING
CLASSIFY FUEL
(PAGE E-1M)
DETERMINATE
DISCHARGE TIME
AND APPLICATION RATE
(PAGE E-6M & E-7M
CALCULATE
SUPPLEMENTARY CALCULATE PRIMARY
FOAM QUANTITY FOAM QUANTITY
(PAGE E-14M) (E-8M)
CALCULATE TOTAL
FOAM QUANTITY
(PRIMARY+SUPPLEMENTARY)
COMPLETE E-3M
BILL OF MATERIALS
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
E
ENGINEERING
SURFACE AREA = r²
When hall tanks contain the same fuel, the largest tank will require the most
foam concentrate and is therefore considered the most severe hazard.
When the tanks contain different fuels, the most severe hazard may not be the
largest tank. In these cases, it is necessary to determinate the surface are,
discharge time, and application rate for each tank and then select the tank
which require the most foam concentrate for primary protection.
E-4M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
E
ENGINEERING
Typically, foam chambers are used to protect cone roof storage tanks.
However , in certain cases, foam monitors or hand hose lines may be used
for smaller tanks.
The use of hand hose lines or monitors as primary foam protection is subject to
the following conditions:
- Hand hose lines shall not be considered for cone roof tanks over 30 ft. (9 m)
diameter nor when tanks are over 20 ft. (6 m) high.
- Monitors shall not be considered for cone roof tanks over 60 ft. (18 m)
diameter.
When using hand hose lines or monitors for primary protection, the
application rates and discharge times are greater than those for foam
chambers and therefore more foam concentrate is required. This is due to
the adverse conditions that may arise when applying the foam stream to the
fuel surface through the damaged roof. When applying foam to polar solvent
fuels using monitors or handlines, it is important that streams be directed at
the internal tank sidewall to avoid plunging the foam into the fuel.
E-5M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
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E
ENGINEERING
E-1
E-6M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
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E
ENGINEERING
E-2
E-7M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
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E
ENGINEERING
E-8M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
E
ENGINEERING
DETERMINATE
TYPE OF SEAL
(PAGE E-10M)
REVIEW
PROTECTION OPTION
(PAGE E-11M)
CALCULATE TOTAL
FOAM QUANTITY
(PRIMARY+SUPPLEMENTARY)
COMPLETE
BILL OF MATERIALS
E-9M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
E
ENGINEERING
E-10M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
E
ENGINEERING
E-11M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
E
ENGINEERING
E-12M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
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E
ENGINEERING
E-13M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
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E
ENGINEERING
E-14M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
5.
Fuel Oil No. 4 Class III Fuel, Flashpoint: 61-116 CALCULATE PRIMARY
FOAM QUANTITY
°C, Not Water Soluble. (PAGE E8-M)
6. SECTION
DETERMINATE
SUPPLEMENTARY
E
HOSE LINES ENGINEERING
AND DISCHARGE TIME
(PAGE E-14M)
NOTICE
7. CALCULATE
SUPPLEMENTARY
FOAM QUANTITY
This is example only. Selection of agent
(PAGE E14-M) and proportioning equipment will vary
with each application. For detection and
QUANTITY = NO. OF HOSE LINES X 1082 LPM X DISCHARGE TIME X CONC. % control system recommendations,
consult Ascotech Fire Protection.
QUANTITY = 2 hose lines X 1082 Lpm x 30 minutes X .03 (3% fluoroprotein)
QUANTITY = 341 L
Quantity Description
1 3100 L. Atmospheric Storage Tank
8.
CALCULATE TOTAL 1 Balanced Pressure Pump
FOAM QUANTITY Proportioning System, BPS-4
(PAGE E-14M)
2 Foam Chamber
2 Handline Nozzle, 50 gpm (189
Lpm)
Primary ........................ 2971 Lpm.
3100 L. Ascotech 3% Fluoroprotein
Supplementary ............ 341 Lpm.
Concentrate
Total foam quantity ...... 3017 L (3%)
Fluoroprotein Concentrate As Test Foam, Ascotech 3%
Required Fluoroprotein Concentrate
9.
DETERMINATE
NUMBER OF
DISCHARGE DEVICES
(PAGE E-8M)
SECTION
E
ENGINEERING
E-17M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
EXAMPLE SYSTEM - SURFACE APPLICATION
E
- FLOATING ROOF TANK
ENGINEERING
Hazard specifications
6. CALCULATE
SUPPLEMENTARY SECTION
FOAM QUANTITY E
(PAGE E-14M) ENGINEERING
QUANTITY = 2 hose lines X 189 LPM x 20 minutes X .03 (3% AFFF) 10.
QUANTITY = 227 L
COMPILE
BILL OF MATERIALS
7.
CALCULATE TOTAL
FOAM QUANTITY
NOTICE
(PRIMARY+SUPPLEMENTARY)
8.
DETERMINATE Quantity Description
SPACING OF
1 600 L Gallon Bladder Tank
DISCHARGE DEVICES
(PAGE E-13M) 1 Proportioner, Sized for 189-939
Lpm - Total System
The foam dam is 30 cm high and the top of the seal 7 Floating Roof Foam Maker
is less than 15 cm from the top of the floating roof. 2 Handline Nozzle, 189 Lpm
Therefore, Top of Seal protection, the maximum
600 L Ascotech AFFF 3% Concentrate
spacing between discharge devices is 12.2 m.
As Test Foam, Ascotech AFFF 3%
Required Concentrate
9. CALCULATE NUMBER
OF DISCHARGE
DEVICES
(PAGE E-13M)
CIRCUMFERENCE OF TANK ( d)
NUMBER OF DISCHARGE DEVICES =
MAXIMUM SPACING BETWEEN DEVICES
76,6 m
NUMBER OF DISCHARGE DEVICES =
12 m
SECTION
E
ENGINEERING
E-20M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
F
CONTROL DETECTOR
F-1M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
F
CONTROL DETECTOR
F-2M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
G
GLOSSARY
FOAM GLOSSARY
Foam Maker: A device designed to introduce air into a pressurized foam solution stream.
Foam Solution: A mixture of water and foam concentrate.
Heat Resistance: The ability of a foam to withstand exposure to heat.
High Expression Foam: Special foam designed for high air to solution ratios that have up to
1000 parts air 1 part solution.
Hydrocarbon: An organic compound containing only carbon and hydrogen.
Hydrocarbon Pickup: The characteristic of a fuel that is suspended or absorbed by expanded
foam.
Line Proportioner: A device that siphons foam from a container to form a foam solution.
Minimum Operating Temperature: The lowest temperature at which a foam concentrate will
proporption with venturi devices in accordance with UL requirements.
Pickup: the induction of foam concentrate into a water stream by venturi.
Polar Solvent: In fire fighting, any flammable liquid which destroys regular foams. Examples of
polar solvents are amines, ethers, alcohols, esters, aldehydes, and ketones.
Polymeric Membrane: A thin, durable, plastic layer formed on a polar solvent fuel surface
protecting the foam cells from destruction by the fuel.
Pour Point: The lowest temperature at which a foam concentrate is fluid enough to pour,
generally about 5°F (2.8 °C) above the freezing po int.
Product: Another name that can be applied to flammable liquid.
Proportioner: The device where foam concentrate and water are mixed to form solution.
Protein Foam: A hydrolyzed natural protein solid combined with additives to form an organic
based concentrate.
Quarter Drain Time: The time required for 25% of the total liquid solution to drain from the foam.
Also referred to as 25% drain time or quarter-life.
Skin Fire: A flammable liquid fire, such as a spill on a solid surface where the liquid is present in a
depth not exceeding one inch (2.5 cm).
Soluble: The ability to become readily dissolved or mixed with.
Submergence: The plunging of foam beneath the surface of burning liquid resulting in a partial
breakdown of the foam structure and coating of the foam with the burning liquid.
Surfactant: Chemicals that have the ability to alter the surface properties of water.
Upstream: Opposite the direction in which water is flowing or will flow.
Venturi: The constricted portion of a pipe or tube which increases water velocity and momentarily
reduces water pressure. It is in this reduced pressure area that foam concentrate is introduced
into the water stream.
G-1M
Ascotech Sprinkler Fire Engineering And Safety Technology
SECTION
G
GLOSSARY
REFERENCES
NFPA 11 Low Expansion Foam and Combined Agent Systems
NFPA 11A Medium and High Expansion Foam Systems
NFPA 11C Mobile Foam Apparatus
NFPA 13 Installation of Sprinkler Systems
NFPA 16 Deluge Foam-Water Sprinklers and Spry Systems
NFPA 16A Close Head Foam-Water Sprinkler Systems
NFPA SPP 44 Fire Fighting Foams and Systems
NFPA 325M Fire Hazard Properties of Flammable Liquids, Gases, Volatile Solids
NFPA 409 Aircraft Hangars
API Pub 2021 Guides for Fighting Fires In and Around Petroleum Storage Tanks
ASP TR-74-32 Fire Fighting Foam Proportioning System Technology
MIL-F-24385C Fire Fighting Agent, Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF) Liquid
Concentrate, For Fresh and Sea Water
AC No. 150/5390-1B Federal Aviation Administration Heliport Design Guide
UL 162 Standard for Safety Air Foam Equipment and Liquid Concentrates
G-2M
Ascotech
HIGH-VALUE PROPERTY
PROTECTION SYSTEM
ASCOTECH SPRINKLER
Fire & Security s.r.l.
Via De Gasperi,8 20010 Bareggio (MI) Tel/Fax 02 90361454 e-mail: ascotech_spkr@ascotech-spkr.it
C.F./P.I.07771840969 Reg. Imp. R.E.A. 1980787
www.ascotech-spkr.it