CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of study

In term of that purposes, leadership has become an important factor in

managing organization to contribute economic growth and development. By looking at
the relationship between leadership style and job satisfaction of employee, it will give
good information that will help employees and manager or supervisor to develop a
better culture in organization to have better satisfaction with the job among employees
(Illescu, 2007). Leadership has been defined and understood in terms of traits,
qualities and situation in which leader behaves (Slavica, 2011). The right leadership
practices in the organization will help an organization stay in industries and enable to
continuously motivate employees to work perfectly and to make good technical
decisions (Francis, 2010).

Furthermore, an effective leader can be as a guidance to encourage employees

to think out of glass in problem solving (Bennett, 2009). According to Bernadatte
(2008), the failure of an organization causes of poor leadership practices in the
organization. Therefore, the right leadership practices need in an organization to
achieve goals and still compete in the industries.

1.2 Statement of Problems

Based on Javaid (2012) the most important determinant to increase employee’s

satisfaction is leadership style. So that, he reported that there is relationship between
leadership style and job satisfaction. Satisfaction of job is important for organizations
to achieve their goals. A study by Kim & Shim (2003) reported leadership style plays
a significant role in employee satisfaction and it will affect the organizational
performance if the right leadership style had not been used such as lack of efficiency
in performing task. Oluwole (2007) also said that lack of leadership competency
affects job satisfaction of the employees and influencing project delivery of the
organization. There were few research have looked at antecedents of job satisfaction
of the employee beyond individual level and find that leadership style practices have
an impact towards employee of job satisfaction (Freyr, 2008). A study by Adel (2011)
stated that all leadership styles which is autocratic, democratic and laissez-faire have
weak relationship with job satisfaction. The organization did not know the right
leadership style should be practices (Francis, 2010). Therefore, the study aims to know

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 the relationship of leadership style practices in organization and job satisfaction
among staff of government organization.

1.4 Research objective

1.4.1 To identify the leadership style of government organizations

1.4.2 To identify the level of job satisfaction among the staff of government
organizations

1.4.3 To determine the relationship between leadership style towards job

satisfaction among staff of government organizations

1.6 Significant of study

This study provided a detailed analysis of the relationship between leadership

styles towards job satisfaction of the staff in government organization. By
understanding the leadership style required by the employee it can increase the
awareness of leader and their knowledge about effect different leadership styles which
may impact the staff satisfaction. It also helps the manager designing effective
strategies in enhancing employee’s job satisfaction. Besides that, by understanding the
leadership style required by the employee, it can sustain the employee in the
organization. This finding also has an important impact or feedback on leadership
style needed in the organization. The result may be able to give them an idea to
improve their current leadership style and generate idea to enhance job satisfaction of
the employees.

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

The objective of the study was the relationship between leadership styles
towards job satisfaction. The organizational success is dependent upon the quality and
performance of managers (Afzan & Rashidah., 2011). Without leader, the employees
cannot perform their task well (Randeree & Chaudhry, 2012). One reason to identify
the current leadership styles is because effective leadership can be the key success for
the organizations. The best manager should be hired to create best teamwork (Afzan &
Rashidah., 2011). Leadership is defined as the ability to lead a group of individuals to
accomplish a specific goal (Brooke, 2015). According to Chulho (2013), leadership is
defined as the process of influencing others to achieve organizational goals. Autocratic
leaders prefer to not communicate with the employees beyond limit and give order or
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 instruction to the follower with expectation that the follower will comply (Amanda,
2008). Democratic leadership style allows followers to participate actively in decision
making process regarding training methods, game strategies and the setting of team
goals (Chulho, 2013). Laissez-faire leadership style none exist of leadership which
without decision, correction and responsibilities (Guy, 2011). Job satisfaction can
describe as a positive emotional condition which come out from employee’s
appreciation for their work and occupation experience (Randeree & Chaudhry, 2012).

Relationship between leadership style and job satisfaction that study by Adel
(2011) stated that all leadership styles which is autocratic, democratic and laissez-faire
have weak relationship with job satisfaction. Goh (2005) results indicate that
leadership styles which are autocratic, democratic and lasses-faire were important
towards job satisfaction of the employees. Moreover, employee’s feeling of job
satisfaction has been studied parallel with leadership.

2.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Figure 1 show framework that explained the relationship between leadership

styles and job satisfaction of the employees either increase or decrease on job
satisfaction.

INDEPENDENT
VARIABLES DEPENDENT
VARIABLES

Types of leadership:
- Autocratic Job Satisfaction
- Democratic
- Laissez-faire
CHAPTER 3

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 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY

3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN

The research design been chosen for this study is a survey research design
which is survey approach. Survey approach will be used by distributing questionnaire
to the respondent.

3.3.1 Sampling

The population of the study in government organizations staff include

three organization consist of 179 staffs.

The sample size is 123 of samples had been chosen which consist of
employees in UiTM Seremban 3, Selangor State Sport Council and Selangor
Department of Youth and Sport.

Sampling technique used is Simple Random Sampling. Simple Random

Sampling is a subset has an equal probability of being chosen.

3.2 INSTRUMENTATION

The questionnaire had been in dual language which is in English and Malay.
Method of collection data set by questionnaire with scale. The scale is from one to five
representatives as 1=strongly disagree, 2=disagree, 3=neutral, 4=agree and 5=strongly
agree. The instrument in this study was a questionnaire that has been adopted and
adapt by the researcher from previous studies as stated below. The questionnaire had
been used in this study are shown below:

a) Demographic profile (self-develop)

- Section A
b) Leadership style adopts and adopt from Northhouse, 2014 and Leadership
Managerial grid, Blake & Mouton, 1985).
- Section B: Autocratic leadership style (Reliability=0.98, 9 items)
- Section C: Democratic leadership style (Reliability=0.98, 9 items)
- Section D: Laissez-faire leadership style (Reliability=0.96, 9 items)

c) Job Satisfaction adopt and adapt from Scott Smith, 2013)

- Section E (Reliability=0.88, 15 items

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 Pilot Study:

- The researcher will done the pilot study for the study in order to measure the
reliability of the question used. Based on pilot study, the researcher has
measure the reliability for autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire and job
satisfaction

3.3 DATA COLLLECTION

The initiation of the study, the first things to do is seek ethic approval from
UiTM to proceed with the study. The questionnaires were distributed to the
respondents after get an approval letter from the Faculty of Sport Science Seremban 3
to prove that researcher is student of UiTM Seremban 3 and this study for the
educational purpose. Researcher also explained that all information is private and
confidential. After gain the permission the questionnaire was briefly explain to the
respondents. After a brief explain about the questionnaire the respondents fill in the
questionnaire. The questionnaire was collected after the respondents completed the
questionnaires.

3.4 DATA ANALYSIS

A descriptive statistic had been used to describe the demographic data of the
subject. The statistical significant is set at alpha level p<0.05. Data will be presented
as mean and standard deviation.To identify the leadership style will used mean,
standard deviation and rank. To identify level of job satisfaction employee will
analyze by descriptive data statistic which is for mean and standard deviation.. Pearson
correlation will be used to determine the relationship style and job satisfaction of the
employees of government organization. All the data had been analysed using the IBM
SPSS version 23.0.

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