5/18/2018 Durability of Structures and How to Calculate Concrete Cover (Eurocode 2) - Structville...

Home About Contact     

A HUB FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING RELATED

DESIGNS, ANALYSIS, DISCUSSION,
INFORMATION, AND KNOWLEDGE.....

 HOME STRUCTVILLE RESEARCH ABOUT US CONTACT US OUR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

 TRENDING POSTS: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS An Introduction To Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) EUROCODE 2 Structville Design Competition for Stud

  Eurocode 2  Reinforced Concrete Design  Durability of Structures and How to Calculate Concrete Cover (Eurocode 2)

Durability of Structures and How to Calculate FACEBOOK

Concrete Cover (Eurocode 2) Structville Engineering

5,896 likes

by Ubani Obinna Ranks on November 10, 2017 in Eurocode 2, Reinforced Concrete Design

Like Page

Be the first of your friends to like this

STRUCTVILLE RESEARCH

According to clause 4.1 of EN 1992-1-1:2004, a durable structure should meet the requirements of serviceability, strength Welcome to the unique page of Structville
and stability throughout its design working life, without significant loss of utility or excessive unforeseen maintenance. can easily download research papers, arti
drawings, textbooks, and even upload you

STRUCTVILLE DESIGN MANUAL

https://www.structville.com/2017/11/durability-of-structures-and-how-to.html?m=1 1/6
5/18/2018 Durability of Structures and How to Calculate Concrete Cover (Eurocode 2) - Structville...

You can purchase or download the previe

highly interactive design manual by clickin

GOOGLE+ BADGE

Ubani Obinna Ranks

Ubani Obinna Ranks

Follow

224 followers

Fig. 1: Typical Carbonation Problem Leading to Lack of Durability in a Reinforced Concrete Structure

ABOUT ME
The required protection of any structure is established by considering the intended use of the structure, the design working
life, maintenance programme, significance of possible direct and indirect actions, environmental conditions etc. Ubani Obinna Ranks
Follow 224
Environmental conditions that can be considered may include storage of aggressive chemicals, chlorides in the concrete,
acid solutions, alkali-aggregate reactions etc which are generally categorised as chemical attacks. Issues like abrasion, Purpose driven personality
Bachelors Degree (B.Eng) i
water penetration, temperature change etc are categorised as physical attacks.
Engineering from Nnamdi Azikiwe Univers
Passionate about civil engineering profes
According to clause 4.3 of Eurocode 2, in order to achieve the required design working life of a structure, adequate experienced in structural analysis and des

measures shall be taken to protect each structural element against the relevant environmental actions. The requirements View my complete profile

for durability shall be included when considering the following:

 Structural conception,
 Material selection, FOLLOW BY EMAIL
 Construction details,
 Execution, Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog
notifications of new posts by email.
 Quality Control,
Email address...
 Inspection,
 Verifications, SUBMIT

 Special measures (e.g. use of stainless steel, coatings, cathodic protection).

POPULAR POSTS

Structural Design of Steel F

Connection
An important aspect of durability of reinforced concrete structure is the anticipated exposure of the element under
consideration. Some exposure conditions are given in the table below (Table 4.1 of EN 1992-1-1:2004);
Analysis and Design of Cur
Circular Beams in a Reserv

Analysis of Column Loads i

By Considering Beam Supp
Reactions

Preparation of Bar Bending

For Floor Slabs

PRACTICAL ANALYSIS AN
OF STEEL ROOF TRUSSES
EUROCODE 3: A SAMPLE

https://www.structville.com/2017/11/durability-of-structures-and-how-to.html?m=1 2/6
5/18/2018 Durability of Structures and How to Calculate Concrete Cover (Eurocode 2) - Structville...

What is wrong with this se

structural detailing?

Design of Pile Foundation

Load Test (Eurocode 7)

How to Prepare the Gener

Arrangement (GA) of a Bui

RECENT POPULAR COM

Structville Design Competit

Students (Prizes to be won)
 Ubani Obinna Ranks  May

Geotechnical Design of Can

Retaining Walls to Eurocod
Example
2.0 Concrete Cover
 Ubani Obinna Ranks  May
Concrete cover is the distance between the surface of the reinforcement closest to the nearest concrete surface (including
links and stirrups and surface reinforcement where relevant) and the nearest concrete surface. How To Apply Wind Load on
Buildings
 Ubani Obinna Ranks  May
Concrete cover is defined as a minimum cover, cmin, plus an allowance in design for deviation, Δcdev;

Simple Proofs Why Shorter

cnom = cmin + Δcdev ---------- (1) More Critical in Slab Design
 Ubani Obinna Ranks  May

Minimum concrete cover, cmin, shall be provided in order to ensure the safe transmission of bond forces, protection of the
An Introduction To Isogeom
steel against corrosion (durability) and for an adequate fire resistance. Analysis (IGA)
 Ubani Obinna Ranks  Apr

The greater value for cmin satisfying the above mentioned requirements shall be used. This is given by;

FOLLOW US
cmin = max {cmin,b; cmin,dur + Δcdur,γ - Δcdur,st - Δcdur,add; 10 mm} ---------- (2)

 Facebook
where;
cmin,b  is the minimum cover due to bond requirement  Twitter

cmin,dur   is the minimum cover due to environmental conditions

 Google+
Δcdur,γ  is for additive safety element

Δcdur,st  is the reduction of minimum cover for use of stainless steel  Follow up on Linkedin
Δcdur,add  is the reduction of minimum cover for use of additional protection
 Follow us on Instagram

In order to transmit bond forces safely and to ensure adequate compaction of the concrete,
the minimum cover should not be less than cmin,b given in Table 4.2 of EN 1992-1-1:2004 and given in Table 2 below; FACEBOOK

Structville Engineering
5,896 likes

Like Page

Be the first of your friends to like this

The cover due to environmental conditions (durability) is given in the table below; (Table 4.4 EN 1992-1-1:2004).

BLOG ARCHIVE

November (4)

TAGS

BEAMS (24) BRIDGES (5)

CABLE STRUCTURES (1) COLUMN (10)

https://www.structville.com/2017/11/durability-of-structures-and-how-to.html?m=1 3/6
5/18/2018 Durability of Structures and How to Calculate Concrete Cover (Eurocode 2) - Structville...

CONCRETE (1) CONNECTION DESIGN (1

3.0 Solved Example

CONSTRUCTION (12) DYNAMIC ANALYSIS
Design the concrete cover of an external reinforced concrete beam.. The concrete in use has resistance class C30/37.
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS (1) EUROCO
Bottom longitudinal bars are H16; the stirrups are H8
The max aggregate size is: dg = 20 mm (< 32 mm). EUROCODE 3 (11) EUROCODE 7 (3)
The design working life of the structure is 50 years.
FORCE METHOD (9) FOUNDATIONS (7)
Normal quality control is put in place.
FRAMES (17) GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERIN

GUIDES (8) INFORMATIVE POSTS (11)

LITERATURE REVIEW (1)

Solution
From table 4.1 of EN 1992-1-1:2004, the appropriate exposure class is XC3 (assuming the beam is sheltered from rain). MATERIALS ENGINEERING (1) OPINION

PLASTIC ANALYSIS (1) PROGRAMMING

The recommended structural class (design life of 50 years) is S4.
PROMOTIONS (4) QUANTITY ESTIMATION

First, the concrete cover for the stirrups is calculated. REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN (33)

STAAD PRO (5)

cmin,b = 8 mm
STATICALLY DETERMINATE STRUCTURES (10)

We obtain from table 4.4N - EC2: STATICALLY INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES (1

STEEL STRUCTURES (15)

cmin,dur = 25 mm
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS (48) TALL BUILDI
Moreover:
THIN PLATES (2) TIMBER STRUCTURES
Δcdur,γ = 0 ;

Δcdur,st = 0 ; TRUSSES (7) WIND LOAD (1)

Δcdur,add = 0 .

From relation (2):

cmin = max {cmin,b; cmin,dur + Δcdur,γ - Δcdur,st - Δcdur,add; 10 mm}

cmin = max (8; 25 + 0 – 0 – 0; 10 mm) = 25 mm

Moreover:
Δcdev = 10 mm (recommended value)

We obtain from relation (1):

cnom = cmin + Δcdev = 25 + 10 = 35 mm .

Secondly, the concrete cover for the longitudinal main bars is calculated.

cmin,b = 16 mm

We obtain from table 4.4N - EC2:

cmin,dur = 25 mm

Moreover:
Δcdur,γ = 0 ;

Δcdur,st = 0 ;

Δcdur,add = 0 .

From relation (2):

cmin = max {cmin,b; cmin,dur + Δcdur,γ - Δcdur,st - Δcdur,add; 10 mm}

cmin = max (16; 25 + 0 – 0 – 0; 10 mm) = 25 mm

Δcdev = 10 mm.

We obtain from relation (1):

cnom = cmin + Δcdev = 25 + 10 = 35 mm.

https://www.structville.com/2017/11/durability-of-structures-and-how-to.html?m=1 4/6
5/18/2018 Durability of Structures and How to Calculate Concrete Cover (Eurocode 2) - Structville...
Since the cover for stirrups is more critical, the actual concrete cover for the main longitudinal bars is 35 + 8 = 43mm

NOTE:
According to Clause 4.4.1.2(9), where in-situ concrete is placed against other concrete elements (precast or in-situ) the
minimum concrete cover of the reinforcement to the interface may be reduced to a value corresponding to the requirement
for bond provided that:
- the strength class of concrete is at least C25/30,
- the exposure time of the concrete surface to an outdoor environment is short (< 28 days),
- the interface has been roughened.

Thank you for visiting Structville!!!

Our facebook page is at www.facebook.com/structville

Share This:  Facebook  Twitter  Google+  Pinterest  Linkedin

RECOMMENDED ARTICLES

Structville Design Competition for Students (Prizes to be won)

Structville Integrated Services is calling on civil engineering students in various universities and polytechnics
in Nigeria to participate in her fir...

Simple Proofs Why Shorter Spans Are More Critical in Slab Design
IntroductionA slab is a structural member whose depth is considerably smaller than the lateral dimensions.
They provide useful surfaces for supporting...

Use of Rice Husk Ash in Concrete: Literature Review

1.0 IntroductionA pozzolan is a siliceous or aluminosiliceous material that, in finely divided form and in the
presence of moisture, chemically reacts...

Structural Analysis of Free Standing Staircase: A Comparative Example

Free standing staircase offers very pleasing solution for vertical circulation in residential and commercial
buildings. They are usually constructed i...

Structural Design of Pile Caps Using Strut and Tie Model (EC 2)
Pile caps are concrete mats that rests on piles with adequate rigidity to transfer the column loads to the
piles. Piles are provided as alternatives t...

How to Prepare the General Arrangement (GA) of a Building

1.0 IntroductionThe general arrangement (GA) or structural layout is a document that clearly specifies the
disposition of the structural elements in a...

 NEWER ARTICLE OLDER ARTICLE 

Imperfection Analysis Of Structures With Solved Examples Hope For Fresh Graduate Engineers

NO COMMENTS: 

Enter your comment...

Comment as: Select profile.

Publish Preview

https://www.structville.com/2017/11/durability-of-structures-and-how-to.html?m=1 5/6
5/18/2018 Durability of Structures and How to Calculate Concrete Cover (Eurocode 2) - Structville...

PAGES ABOUT ME CONTACT FORM

Name
Home Ubani Obinna Ranks
Follow 224
Our Products and Services Email *
Purpose driven personality with a
About Us
Bachelors Degree (B.Eng) in Civil
Engineering from Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Message *
Disclaimer
Passionate about civil engineering profession, and
Our Policies experienced in structural analysis and design.
View my complete profile

Send

Copyright © 2018 Structville...      

https://www.structville.com/2017/11/durability-of-structures-and-how-to.html?m=1 6/6