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3. Clamping Unit:
Before the molten plastic injection into mold, Two halves of
mold must be tightly closed by clamping units. When it is
attached to molding machine, each half of it is fixed to large
plate called platen.
The clamping mechanism in done with hydraulic clam or
toggle.
In a hydraulic clamping, motor activates the clamping bars
which pushes the movable pattern towards stationary pattern
and make the mold tightly closed.
After required cooling time, mold is opened by clamping
motor and solidified material is pushed out from cavity by
ejector bar.
Important Points:
1. Plastic granules should be melted enough and injected at high temperature.
It is important to match heating with resin.
2. water is channeled through the mold for Colling purposes and to control the
crystallization rate.
3. Large shot takes more heat. Typically shot size ranges rom 20g to 20kg.
Shot size depends upon density of material.
4. Long runner required high temperature of melt.
5. For thick part, low molding temperature and high cooling time.
Raw materials:
Thermoplastic Thermosetting
Disadvantages:
Highly investment and running costs.
Raw material contamination affect the product quality.
High pressure involved.
Problems in designing molds.
Applications:
Aerospace components
Automotive components
Computer and electronics
Engineering prototypes
Household equipment's
Instrumentation
Marketing samples
Medical and dental products
Toys, Model shops etc.
Test Specimens
Cable assemblies
And much more.!
Research article (1):
Towards Nano-Injection Molding
Authors: Nan Zhang, Cormac J. Byrne, David J. Browne, and Michael D. Gilchrist Volume15, Issue15, Date: May 2012,
Page:216-221
A Micro-injection molding is cost-effective method for production of a micro polymer components.
Plastic components have ranges up to sub-micron (≤ 10-6m) and nanometer scales (≤ 10-7m) size. the
need for plastic component with increasingly smaller features are recognized, particularly for
information storage and bio-analytical applications.
Most of these devices are fabricated using silicon or glass so as to take advantage of well-developed
patterning technologies. These high volume production of polymers having size from mm to cm are of
high accuracy and good reproducibility.
Research article(2):
Measurement of sink marks on injection molding parts
by a new fast processing model
Authors: Dieter P. Gruber , Johannes Macher , Dietmar Haba , Gerald R. Berger , Gernot Pacher , Walter
Friesenbichler , Volume: 33, Page:7-13, Date: October 2013
To present the novel methodology in assessing of the visual perceptibility of sink marks on surface of
injection molded parts. A new model for the calculation of visibility of sink marks from CCD-images was
developed. A new calculated surface model function is used in determining of amplitude second
derivatives as a measure of visual perceptibility of sink marks. Injection molding parts were produced
using pre-defined processing conditions. Its Influence on visual perceptibility was assessed. The
perceptibility of detected sink marks was calculate by using the amplitude of second derivative (ASD) of
the molded sink marks.
Fig 1 Shows the Measured ASD value in dependence on the holding pressure as a measure of the visual perceptibility
of sink marks. Each point shows the mean ASD value of five specimens produced at the same holding pressure level.
Conclusion
The injection molding is considered as most important process
in the production of plastic items, involving intricate shapes and
vast production of identical items. Its production services is highly
acquired by the defense and aerospace industry due to
manufacturing of precision engineering components.
References:
For Slides:
Plastic processing technology by Edward A. Muccio,(1999) Ch#6
http://www.custompartnet.com/wu/InjectionMolding
http://www.polyplastics.com/en/support/mold/outline/
http://www.technologystudent.com/equip1/inject1.htm
web.mit.edu/2.810/www/lecture/Injection Molding
For Articles:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702112700925
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941813002158