1. What are the elements of cultural?

Koetjaningrat (2002: 203) argues that there are 7 elements of culture that
can be found in all the nations of the world, namely:
• Language
• System knowledge
• Social Organizations
• System life equipment and technology
• System livelihood
• System of religion
• And art

Source: Panjaitan, Ade Putra., Alan Darmawan., Dkk.2014.Corelation of Culture

and Education: Building an Education based on Local Cultural.Jakarta: Yayasan
Pustaka Obor Indonesia

2. What social economic factors can influence our health?

Socio-ecnomic status variables related to educated level, family income,
and family structure all affected thr healt belief, healt practices, and
readiness to learn about health.
Source : Bastable, Susan B. 2002. Nurse As Educator. Jakarta : EGC

3. What are the obstacles of having healthy life?

Most people choose and easy-paced way of life and irregular in the long
term. Examples of such transports only want food which is too bad, lazy,
sleep, and lazy to move.
Source: Healthy Living Habits and Conduct Value of Character Education by
Suharjana

4. How the solution of the obstacle of having healthy life?

The solution of the obstacle of having healthy life is the obedience of individuals
in running a healthy life in which it is driven by the intention to live a healthy life
of the individual.

Source: Cahyono, J.B. Suharjo B. 2008. Modern Lifestyle and Disease. Yogyakarta:
Canisius
5. How can cultural differences Affect on health?
Culture affects habits, beliefs and attitudes towards health service.

Source: Morton, Patricia Gonce.2013.Health Inspection Guide with

documentation soapie . Jakarta: EGC

6. What are the characteristic of healthy lifestyle?

a) Eating foods with balanced nutrition.
b) Eat foods high in fiber, such as vegetables and fruit sugar every day.
c) Avoid foods that contain a lot of sugar, fat, or salt.
d) Consuming milk or milk products each day.
e) Calm and always think positive.
f) Weight within normal limits.
g) Exercise regularly.
h) Get enough rest.
i) 1.5-2 liters of drinking water every day
j) Do not smoke

Source: Suharjana. Behave 2012. Healthy Living Habits and The Values of
Character Education.Jurnal Character Education, Year II, No. 2.

7. What are the impact of unhealthy lifestyle?

When the body in unhealthy conditions then the daily activities will
be delayed and disrupted, the possibility of the emergence of various
degeneretive diseases (eg diabetes, cholesterol, stroke), and large
expenditures to treat the diseases because of unhealthy lifestyle
 Source: Dewo, Mas. 2013. gendola: The God of medicine for variouse
Disease. Jakarta: FMedia

8. How to Prevent obesity?

1. Changing lifestyles
2. Setting style food
3. Consultation psychiatric problems

Source: Irwan.2016.Epidemiology of Infectious disease.Yogyakarta: Deepublish

9. What is the factor that causes obesity?

1. Dietary factors
2. Heredity
3. Hormonal factors
4. psychological factors
5. Gender
6. Environmental factors
7. Lifestyle factors
8. Social economy

Source: Irwan.2016. Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Disease.

Yogyakarta: Deepublish

10.What are the risks of obesity?

1. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease
2. Diabetes mellitus type - 2
3. Obstructive sleep apnea
4. Orthopedic Disorders
5. Pseudo-cerebral

Source: Irwan.2016. Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Disease.

Yogyakarta: Deepublish
 11.Any type of type of obesity?
Based on body shape :
1. Obesity Type of Apple
In men, generally store their fat on under the skin of the abdominal
wall and the abdominal cavity so that the fat in the abdomen it causes
they have a body shape like an apples (apple type). Because many fat
gather in the abdominal cavity, obesity type of apple also called central
obesity. This obesity type also called android obesity because this
obesity many common in men.

2. Obesity type of pear

The excess of fat in women is stored on under the skin of the pelvic
region and thighs, so that the body is shaped like a pear. This obesity is
also often referred to as peripheral obesity and because there are many
in women also known as obesity-type female orobesity type gynoid.

Based on the circumstances of the fat

1. Obesity hyperplastic type

This obesity occurs because the number of fat cells more than normal
limits, but the size of the cell is not getting bigger. Obesity is common in
children.

2. Obesity types hypertropic

This obesity occurs because of the size of fat cells to be larger than
normal, but the number of fat cells does not increase much from the
normal. Obesity occurs in adulthood.

3. Obesity type hyperplastik and hypertropic

Obesity occurs due to the number and size of fat cells than normal. The
formation of new fat cells that occurs immediately after the degree of
hypertrophy reaches a maximum and an intermediate signal released
by fat cells that is experiencing hypertropic. This obesity begins in
childhood and continues into adulthood.
 Source: Irwan.2016. Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Disease.
Yogyakarta : Deepublish

12. Why urbanization can affect our health?

Movement of people from rural to urban or urbanized society urban health

problems, such as slums, prostitution, and crime.
Source: Siswanto, Hadi. 2003. Dictionary of Popular Environmental Health. Jakrta:
EGC
Urbanization causes changes in one’s lifestyle.That changes affect one
diet and health. For example in Indonesia urbanization drag most of
Indonesian people to love fast food wich contain not balanced
nutritional content.
Source: Khomsan, Ali.2008. Healthy is easy. Jakarta: Wisdom

13.What is the relationship between Urbanisation and westernisation?

Urbanisation and westernisation is a sign of modernization occurred in an area
where there is a wide range of changes for example changes in earning a living.
Source : Modernization and Monotheism : How Urbanization and Westernization
have Transformed the Religious Landscape of Korea

14.What led to urbanization and westernization?

Factors - factors causing urbanization are :

 Changes in marital status and participate siblings / other family (41.35%)
 Employment (39.65%)
 Education (14.96%)
 Housing (2.57%)
 Other (1.47%)
Source: Rustiadi, Ernan.2009. Plannning and regional development.Jakarta :
Pustaka Obor Indonesia

15.How can we as physicians with patients of different cultures?

The doctor should give special attention to patients who have cultural
differences with him. Caution is needed to lower the risk of misunderstandings
and reduced losses that may be caused because of language differences.

Source: Behrman, Richard E.1999. Pediatrics. Jakarta: EGC