VERB (V) – czasownik = action, activity or state, for example:

be, speak, go, learn, have, work, sit, stand, love, like, hate, can

VERB in the present – czasownik w czasie teraźniejszym:

1. BE (I am; you, we, they are; he, she, it is)

Negatives: V + not (I'm, you aren't, he isn't)

Questions: inversion (am I? are you? is he? Where am I? Who are you? Why isn't he here?)

To talk about jobs, age, married/single/divorced, functions in the family: I am a wife/mother/sister.

2. OTHER VERBS (I, you, we, they live; he, she, it lives)

Negatives: don't, doesn't (I don't work, he doesn't work)

Questions: do, does (do I work? does he work? Where do you work? Where does she work?)

To talk about facts (I live in Krakow), routines (He never/sometimes/often/usually/always drives a

car, We learn English every day/week/month/year) and what we like/don't like (I love
summer)

!!!!!!!

Some of the verbs only exist in Present Simple:

I understand. I remember. I like. – MIND AND FEELINGS

Also: BE (At the moment I am nice. NOT: At the moment I am being nice.)

HAVE – mieć, posiadać

I have a garden.

Jeśli HAVE ma inne znaczenie, może wystąpić w czasie Present Continuous:

At the moment I am having a party (= I am dancing and drinking)

At the moment I am having dinner (= I am eating and drinking)

At the moment I am having a shower (= I am taking a shower)

3. BE + V+ing (I am sitting, we are learning)

Negatives: BE + not + V+ing (I am not dancing, we aren't working)

Questions: inversion (am I sitting? Are we learning? Where am I sitting? What are we learning?)
 To talk about now, at the moment, today, this week/month/year)

4. OPINION

Like/love/hate + V+ing

Negatives and questions: Present Simple

I like learning English.

He loves playing the guitar, but he doesn't like going to concerts.

5. CAN + V (I can speak English. He can drive a car.)

Negatives: CAN+NOT + V (I can't swim. She can't speak Chinese.)

QUESTIONS: inversion (Can you swim? Can they speak Vietnamese?)

To talk about talents and abilities (-umiejętności)