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HOPE
• Helps us to desire heaven & eternal
happiness, trusting firmly in Christ’s promises
& relying, not on our own efforts but on the
help & graces of the Holy Spirit.
• It gives us the strength to carry on.
LOVE
• Enables us to love God above
everything for his own sake and
to love our neighbor as God
loves us.
• perfectly binds together all other
virtues.
• We cannot work for justice
without love.
• To be just is to be loving and vice
versa.
Cardinal Virtues
“ habits or powers developed by a person
through practice which are the source of
and controlling influence over, all other
virtues. All other virtues are specifications
and modifications of these...”
(Stravinskas 1965,176)
They are:
Prudence, Justice,
Temperance, Fortitude
PRUDENCE
• Is good common sense.
• “Right reason in action” –St. Thomas A.
• Helps us to discover what is good in every
situation & helps us to choose the right
ways of achieving it.
• A prudent person always seeks the most
loving & just thing to do in a given
circumstance.
Prudence
• The exercise of conscience is always
guided by PRUDENCE.
• It is the capacity for DICERNMENT.
• It formulates & imposes the correct
dictates of reason.
• “What is the best way for me, in this
situation, to do the right thing?”
• The prudent person must
investigate the situation & take
counsel from others.
Prudence presupposes
the ff. qualities:
humility
• One considers his/her own defects.
• Has a lowly opinion of himself
• Willingly submits himself/herself to
God and to others for God’s sake
Filial Piety
• Respect for one’s parents and
ancestors
• Means to be good to one’s parents
Obedience
• The act of carrying out commands
• The moral habit by which one carries out
the order of his superior with the precise
intent of fulfilling the injunction
Chastity
• A form of temperance
• Controls according to the right of reason the
desire for and use of those things which
afford the greatest sensual pleasures
Veracity
• Moral truth
• Correspondence of the outward
expression given to thought with the
light of the thought itself
Patience
• Virtue of the mind
• The ability to wait calmly for
something to happen without
complaining or giving up.
Liberality
• A spirit of generosity for a proper and
worthy charity that may involve the
donation of our time, our money or
other possessions
Brotherly Love
• The happiness in response to another’s
success.
Meekness
• A form of temperance that controls every
inordinate resentment at another’s
character or behavior
Diligence
• The decision to fulfill all of the responsibilities
in our vocation or state of life
The moral virtues grow through:
1. Education --- Knowledge
2. Deliberate acts -- Action
3. Perseverance -- Practice
DIVINE GRACE
purifies & elevates them.
References/Sources:
• CATECHISM OF THE CATHOLIC
CHURCH
• A PILGRIM’S NOTES by Fr.
Fausto Gomez, O.P.