Métodos numéricos y programación 1

DIEGO ANDRÉS URRUNAGA ESPINOZA

Abril 2018

1 Graficas en python
A continuación se mostrara algunos gráficos trabajados en el lenguaje de pro-
gramación python.

1.a Función Sen(X)

1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
f(x) = sen(x)

0.00
−0.25
−0.50
−0.75
−1.00
−6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6
Eje X

Figure 1: sen(x)

%matplotlib inline
def f(x):
return np.sin(x)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(-2*np.pi , 2*np.pi )
plt.plot(x , f(x), color=’b’) plt.xlabel(’X’)
plt.ylabel(r’$Y = sen(x)$’)
plt.grid()
plt.savefig(’Sen(x)aGraf.eps’)

1
 1.b Función cos(X)

1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
f(x) = cos(x)

0.00
−0.25
−0.50
−0.75
−1.00
−6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6
Eje X

Figure 2: cos(x)

%matplotlib inline
def cos(x): return np.cos(x)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(-2*np.pi , 2*np.pi )
plt.plot(x , f(x), color=’b’)
plt.xlabel(’X’)
plt.ylabel(r’$Y = cos(x)$’)
plt.grid()
plt.savefig(’Cos(x)aGraf.eps’)

2
 1.c Función abs(x)

100

80
f(x) = abs(x)

60

40

20

0
−100 −75 −50 −25 0 25 50 75 100
Eje X

Figure 3: abs(x)

%matplotlib inline
def f(x):
return np.abs(x)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(-100 , 100 )
plt.plot(x , f(x), color=’b’)
plt.xlabel(’X’)
plt.ylabel(r’$Y = abs(x)$’)
plt.grid() plt.savefig(’Abs(x)aGraf.eps’)

3
 1.d Función ex

1e43

2.5

2.0
f(x) = exp(x)

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0
−100 −75 −50 −25 0 25 50 75 100
Eje X

Figure 4: ex

%matplotlib inline
def f(x):
return np.exp(x)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(-100, 100)
plt.plot(x , f(x),color=’b’)
plt.xlabel(’X’)
plt.ylabel(r’$Y = exp(x)$’) plt.grid() plt.savefig(’Exp(x)aGraf.eps’)

4
 1.e Función log(x)

3
( ) = log(x)

2
f x

0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Eje X

Figure 5: log(x)

%matplotlib inline
def f(x):
return np.log(x)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(1 , 100)
plt.plot(x , f(x),color=’b’)
plt.xlabel(’X’)
plt.ylabel(r’$Y = log(x)$’)
plt.grid()
plt.savefig(’Log(x)aGraf.eps’)

5
 1.f Función tan(x)

30

20

10
f(x) = tan(x)

−10

−20

−30
−6 −4 −2 0 2 4 6
Eje X

Figure 6: tan(x)

%matplotlib inline
def f(x):
return np.tan(x)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(0 , 2*np.pi )
plt.plot(x , f(x),color=’b’)
plt.xlabel(’X’)
plt.ylabel(r’$Y = tan(x)$’)
plt.grid()
plt.savefig(’Tan(x)aGraf.eps’)

6
 1.g Función arcsen(x)

1.5

1.0

0.5
f(x) = arcsen(x)

0.0

−0.5

−1.0

−1.5
−1.00 −0.75 −0.50 −0.25 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00
Eje X

Figure 7: arcsen(x)

%matplotlib inline
def f(x):
return np.arcsin(x)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(-1 , 1 )
plt.plot(x , f(x),color=’b’)
plt.xlabel(’X’)
plt.ylabel(r’$Y = arcsen(x)$’)
plt.grid()
plt.savefig(’ArcSen(x)aGraf.eps’)

7
 1.h Función arccos(x)

3.0

2.5
f(x) = arccos(x)

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0
−1.00 −0.75 −0.50 −0.25 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00
Eje X

Figure 8: arccos(x)

%matplotlib inline
def f(x):
return np.arccos(x)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(-1 , 1 )
plt.plot(x , f(x),color=’b’)
plt.xlabel(’X’)
plt.ylabel(r’Y = arccos(x)’)
plt.grid()
plt.savefig(’ArcCos(x)aGraf.eps’

8
 1.i Función arctan(x)

0.8
0.6
0.4
f(x) = arctan(x)

0.2
0.0
−0.2
−0.4
−0.6
−0.8
−1.00 −0.75 −0.50 −0.25 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00
Eje X

Figure 9: arctan(x)

%matplotlib inline
def f(x):
return np.arctan(x)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(-1 , 1 )
plt.plot(x , f(x),color=’b’)
plt.xlabel(’X’)
plt.ylabel(r’$Y = arctan(x)$’)
plt.grid()
plt.savefig(’ArcTan(x)aGraf.eps’)

9
2 Graficas en Rstudio
A continuación, presentaremos algunas gráficas en lenguaje de programación R
hecho en el programa Rstudio.
2.a Función sen(x)

> x = seq(0, 2 ∗ pi, length = 100)

> plot(x, sin(x), type = ”l”, col = ”blue”, lwd = 3)
1.0
0.5
sin(x)

0.0
−0.5
−1.0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Figure 10: rsen(x)

10
 2.b Función cos(x)

> x = seq(0, 2 ∗ pi, length = 100)

> plot(x, cos(x), type = ”l”, col = ”blue”, lwd = 3)
1.0
0.5
cos(x)

0.0
−1.0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Figure 11: cos(x)

11
 2.c Función abs(x)

> x = seq(−100, 100, length = 100)

> plot(x, abs(x), type = ”l”, col = ”blue”, lwd = 3)
20 40 60 80
abs(x)

−100 −50 0 50 100

Figure 12: abs(x)

12
 2.d Función ex

> x = seq(−100, 100, length = 100)

> plot(x, exp(x), type = ”l”, col = ”blue”, lwd = 3)
1.5e+43
exp(x)

0.0e+00

−100 −50 0 50 100

Figure 13: ex

13
 2.e Función log(x)

> x = seq(0, 100, length = 100)

> plot(x, log(x), type = ”l”, col = ”blue”, lwd = 3)
4
3
log(x)

2
1
0

0 20 40 60 80 100

Figure 14: log(x)

14
 2.f Función tan(x)

> x = seq(0, 2 ∗ pi, length = 100)

> plot(x, tan(x), type = ”l”, col = ”blue”, lwd = 3)
60
20
tan(x)

−20
−60

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Figure 15: tan(x)

15
 2.g Función arcsen(x)

> x = seq(−1, 1, length = 100)

> plot(x, asin(x), type = ”l”, col = ”blue”, lwd = 3)
1.5
0.5
asin(x)

−0.5
−1.5

−1.0 −0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0

Figure 16: arcsen(x)

16
 2.h Función arccos(x)

> x = seq(−1, 1, length = 100)

> plot(x, acos(x), type = ”l”, col = ”blue”, lwd = 3)
3.0
2.0
acos(x)

1.0
0.0

−1.0 −0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0

Figure 17: arccos(x)

17
 2.i Función arctan(x)

> x = seq(−1, 1, length = 100)

> plot(x, atan(x), type = ”l”, col = ”blue”, lwd = 3)
0.5
atan(x)

0.0
−0.5

−1.0 −0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0

Figure 18: arctan(x)

18
3 Gráficas en matlab
A continuación presentaremos algunas gráficas en lenguaje de programación
matlab.

3.a Función Sen(X)

>> clear
>> clc
>> x = 0 : 0.2 : 3 ∗ pi;
>> plot(x, sin(x),0 blue0 );
>> grid on

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

-0.8

-1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Figure 19: sen(x)

19
 3.b Función cos(X)

>> clear
>> clc
>> x = 0 : 0.2 : 3 ∗ pi;
>> plot(x, cos(x),0 blue0 );
>> grid on

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

-0.8

-1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Figure 20: cos(x)

20
 3.c Función abs(x)

>> clear
>> clc
>> x = −4 : 5;
>> plot(x, abs(x),0 blue0 );
>> grid on

4.5

3.5

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5

Figure 21: abs(x)

21
 3.d Función ex

>> clear
>> clc
>> x = −8 : 8;
>> plot(x, exp(x),0 red0 );
>> grid on

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8

Figure 22: ex

22
 3.e Función log(x)

>> clear
>> clc
>> x = 0 : 7;
>> plot(x, log(x),0 blue0 );
>> grid on

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Figure 23: log(x)

23
 3.f Función tan(x)

>> clear
>> clc
>> x = 0 : 2 ∗ pi;
>> plot(x, tan(x),0 blue0 );
>> grid on

-1

-2

-3

-4
0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Figure 24: tan(x)

24
 3.g Función arcsen(x)

1.5

0.5

-0.5

-1

-1.5

-2
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

Figure 25: arcsen(x)

>> clear
>> clc
>> x = −1 : 0.05 : 1;
>> plot(x, asin(x),0 blue0 );
>> grid on

25
 3.h Función arccos(x)

>> clear
>> clc
>> x = −1 : 0.05 : 1;
>> plot(x, acos(x),0 blue0 );
>> grid on

3.5

2.5

1.5

0.5

0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

Figure 26: arccos(x)

26
 3.i Función arctan(x)

>> clear
>> clc
>> x = −1 : 0.01 : 1;
>> plot(x, atan(x),0 blue0 );
>> grid on

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

-0.8
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

Figure 27: arctan(x)

27