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Short Answers Chapter #2

1. What is Information Networks?
Information networks are the computer networks that communicate with
public telecommunication networks. Information networks, two important
technologies: computing and telecommunications work together.
2. Define the Network.
Network (or computer network) is a way to connect computers together
so that they can communicate with each other and share information.
3. What is Local Area Network?
Local Area Network (LAN) is a network system in which computers are
interconnected in a limited geographical area, such as network of
computers in college computer laboratory or network of computers in
office building etc)
4. What is Network-Interface Card?
network interface card (NIC) is used to connect a computer to other
computers in the local area network. It is a circuit board that is installed
inside the computer's internal expansion slots.
5. What is Bridge?
A bridge is an electronic device that connects two similar networks and
controls the data flow between them. A bridge recognizes the messages
on a network and passes on those addressed to nodes in other network.
6. What is Gateway?
A gateway is also an electronic device or system (collection of hardware
and software resources) that connects two networks and translates
information from one to the other. It enables a computer or node to
communicate with a computer on another different network.
7. What is Router?
Router is a communication device that connects two or more networks
is called router and transmits data to the correct destination on the
network. It uses the routing protocols.
8. What is Network Protocol?
All machine-base communications must follow certain set of rules for
exchange of data between nodes connected to a network. The rules to
send and receive data are called protocols.
9. What is Ethernet?
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Ethernet is the most commonly used protocol in LAN. It uses a high-

speed network cable and bus topology, so it is relatively simple and
cheaper.
10. What is CSMA/CD?
Before transmitting the data, a node must find out if the cable is in use.
If so, the node must wait. When the cable is free, the node must begin
transmitting immediately. This process is also known as CSMA/CD
(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection).
11. Define the term token used in networking.
A token is a special electronic signal. It consists of a series of bits, which
functions like a ticket. The computer with the token can transmit data
over the network. Only one token exists per network.
12. What is Token ring?
A computer network in which each node is connected to two adjacent
nodes or neighbors form a closed ring or loop is called ring network
topology. The token ring protocol is used in this type of network. The
token ring is closely associated with IBM, which works on the concept of
a ring network and a token.
13. What is Token passing?
The method of controlling access to the shared network cable is called
token passing.

14. What is ARCnet?

ARCnet stands for Attached Resource Computer network. It uses either
twisted pair wire or coaxial cable, and the star topology with hub
attached to the network.
15. What is Wide Area Network (WAN)?
A Wide Area Network is a network system that covers a large (or wide)
geographical area such as different cities of country or different
countries of the world)
16. What is Metropolitan Area Network?
A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a communication network system
that covers a geographical area of a single city. Usually, MAN connects
more than one LANs in a city or town and covers a smaller geographical
area than a WAN. Mobile phones (cellular) systems are often MANs.
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17. What is Network Standards?

The standards are the precise documents containing technical and
physical specifications about the network being designed) Normally
those standards are taken into consideration and are worldwide
acceptable.
18. What is De Facto Standard?
De facto means "by tradition" or "by facts". These standards were
developed without any formal plan and came to existence because of
historical developments. These standards are most commonly used by
the organizations worldwide.
19. What is De Jure Standard?
De Jure means "according to law or regulation". These standards have
been properly approved by the networks governing body.
20. Write names of some networks governing bodies.
• The names of most popular networks governing bodies are:
• American National Standard Institute (ANSI)
• The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
• The International Standard Organization (ISO)
• The International Telecommunications Union-Telecommunication
Standards Sector (ITU-T, formally CCITT)
• The Electronic Industries Association (EIA)
21. What is client/server network model?
In client/server network (or arrangement), the clients are all computers
or nodes on the network and server is a central computer that controls
the network. In addition to control the network, the server also provides
a centralized storage area for programs and data) It has hard disks that
hold the shared data file or database. •
22. What is Peer-to-Peer Network model?
In peer-to-peer arrangement, all nodes (or computers) on the network
have equal status. No one has control over others. Each computer
stores files on its own storage devices and has its own peripheral
devices. The users can share each other's data and devices (or
resources) as and when needed)
23. What is Hybrid Network model?
The hybrid network has combined features of both client/server and
peer-to-peer networks (or arrangements). It has a server and the users
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can share the data and software. Similarly, each node can store its own
files, programs, and has its own peripheral devices.
24. Define the term network Topology.
In networking, the term topology is the way of connecting nodes (or
devices) on a network. In other words, a topology represents the shape
of network.

25. What is Bus Topology?

In bus network, all nodes (or devices) are connected to a common
communication medium or central single cable. This single cable is
called bus. The devices or nodes are attached with the central cable (or
bus) through interface connector.
26. What is Ring Topology?
In a ring network, each node is connected to two adjacent nodes or
neighbors for communication purpose and forms a closed ring or loop.
In this way the last node connects to the first node to complete the ring.
In this network, all messages travel through a ring in one direction
(clockwise or anti-clockwise) from node to node.
27. What is Star Topology?
In a star network, each node or device is directly connected to a central
connection point known as 'Hub'. The central connection may be an
actual Hub or a switch. Typically, the nodes or devices are connected to
the Hub with unshielded twisted pair (UTP) Ethernet.
28. What is tree topology?
In tree network, the nodes are connected to each other in such a way
that forms a tree like structure. Typically to form a tree network, multiple
star topologies are combined together onto a bus. In this simplest form,
only Hub devices connect directly to the tree bus. Each Hub functions
as the root of a tree of devices.
29. What is Mesh Topology?
In mesh network, each node is directly connected to all node on the
network. This type of network involves the concept of routes. In this type
of network, each node may send message to destination through
multiple paths.
30. What is Workgroup?
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In a computer network, people can work together as a group even when

they are thousands of miles away from each other. This concept of
working together is called workgroups.
31. What is collaborative computing?
A group of people (teams of certain projects) can share work together
by means of linked computers. The phenomenon of sharing information
by various members of workgroup is called Workgroup Computing. The
workgroup computing is also known as collaborative computing.
32. What is Groupware?
A technique to share information, in which many users or researchers
can work on their projects by sharing the same domain of information
online, is called groupware.
33. What is OSI Model?
OSI stands for Open System Interconnection. OSI model is also known
as OSI Reference Model. It is used for networking. It was created by the
International Standard Organization (ISO) to provide a logical framework
for how data allocation processes should take place across networks.
34. Define Application Layer of OSI model.
This layer of OSI model provides network services to user applications.
It is responsible for exchanging information between programs running
on the machine, such as e-mail programs, and other services running
on a network such as a print server or another computer's application.
35. Define Presentation Layer of OSI model.
This layer of OSI model performs data transformations to provide a
common interface for user applications. It means that data is translated
between the formats the network requires and the format the computers
of the end-users expect.
36. Define Session Layer of OSI model.
This layer of OSI model establishes, maintains and manages
connections between devices, so that they can talk to each other. These
connections are called sessions.

37. Define Transport Layer of OSI model.

This layer of OSI model is responsible for breaking the data into
segments, establishing an end-to-end logical connection between
machines, and providing for error handling.
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38. Define Network Layer of OSI model.

The Network layer of OSI model is responsible for establishing,
maintaining, and terminating connections of networks. It means that the
function of the network layer is to manage communication between
computers/terminals.
39. Define Data link Layer of OSI model.
This layer of OSI model is responsible for the reliability of the physical
link established at physical layer. This layer provides for the error free
transfer of data from one computer to another.
40. Define Physical Layer of OSI model.
This layer of OSI model specifies how data is processed into bits and
physically transferred over medium, such as cables. It's responsible for
activating and maintaining the physical link between systems

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Computer Networks MCQ #2

1. Which of the following network covers a short distance?

a) LAN b) WAN
c) MAN d) NAN
2. Which of the following component is not related to LAN?
a) Communication media b) Bridge
c) Modem d) Gateway
3. Which of the following media is used in LAN?
a) Coaxial cable b) Microwave
c) Satellite d) None of these
4. Which of the following media is used in low cost LANs?
a) Fiber optical cable b) Coaxial cable
c) Twisted wire pairs d) Aluminum Wire
5. Which of the following is not a LAN protocol?
a) Ethernet b) Token ring
c) ARCnet d) Internet
6. Which of the following protocol in used is bus topology?
a) Ethernet b) Token ring
c) ARCne d) TCP/IP
7. Which of the following topology uses ARCnet protocol?
a) Bus topology b) Star topology
c) Mesh topology d) Tree topology
8. Which of the following protocol is used to access Internet?
a) Ethernet b) ARCnet
c) TCP/IP d) DSC
9. Which of the following protocol is associated with IBM, which
works on the concept of a ring network
and a token?
a) Ethernet b) ARCnet
c) TCP/IP d) Token ring
10. The Internet is an example of:
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a) LAN b) WAN
c) MAN d) NAN
11. Which of the following network type is used by mobile phone
systems?
a) LAN b) WAN
c) MAN d) NAN
12. Which of the following is not a governing body that approve the
network standard?
a) ANSI b) IEEE
c) IBM d) EIA
13. All nodes are connected to a single cable in a:
a) Ring topology b) Bus topology
c) Star topology d) Mesh topology
14. Which of the following network topology uses the token passing
scheme?
a) Bus b) Ring
c) Star d) Mesh
15. Which of the following network topology is formed by using
multiple star topologies?
a) Bus b) Ring
c) Star d) Mesh
16. Which of the following network topology involves the concept of
routes?
a) Bus b) Ring
c) Star d) Mesh
17. How many layers of OSI model?
a) 5 b) 6
c) 4 d) 7
18. Which of the following layer of OSI model provides network
services to user applications?
a) Presentation b) Network
c) Session d) Application
19. Which of the following layer of OSI model is responsible for
breaking data into segments?
a) Presentation b) Transport
c) Data link d) Session
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20. Which of the following layer of OSI model controls transmission of

data in the form of bits over the transmission medium such as cables
etc?
a) Presentation b) Transport
c) Data link d) Physical
21. A collection of computers connected together is called:
a Processing b) Network
c) Chatting d) Centralized system
22. The technology of long-distance communication is known as:
a Mass communication b Telephony
c) Telecommunications d) Non-
23. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of computer networks?
a Reduce hardware costs b) Connect people
c) Enable shared applications d Produce high
quality programs-
24. Each computer on a network is called a:
a Bus b) Server
c) Node d) None
25. Companies that use networks can save time and money because
networks allow users to share:
a) Hardware devices b) Software programs
c) Information d) All
26. Many networks include a central computer that may be called:
a Server b) Bridges
c) Gateways d) None
27. A device used to connect two computers lying in same office or
building is called:
a) Ethernet Card b) Graphics Card
c) Modem d) Sound Card
28. Which of the following is not a category of network?
a WAN b) LAN
c) MAN d) NAN.

29. LAN stands for:

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a) Local area nodes. b) Logical arrangement of

networks.
c) Local area network. d) Linked-area network.
30. A network that covers a limited geographic distance such as an
office is called:
a) Centralized network b) Distributed network
c) Local area network d) Wide area network
31. In a traditional LAN, each node on the network is connected
through:
a) Cables. b) Satellites.
c) Microwaves, d) Wireless transmission.
32. Which of the following is NOT a component of LAN?
a) Cable b) Gateway
c) Bridge d) Modem
33. A LAN is a combination of
a) Network adapter cards b) LAN cables
c) LAN Application software d) All
34. Which problem occurs when two workstations on shared Ethernet
try to access LAN at the same time?
a) Local Talk b) Deadlock
c) Collision d) Concession
35. A network that covers a large geographic distance such as a
country is called a:
a) Centralized network. b) Distributed network,
c) Local area network. d) Wide area network
36. The primary difference between a LAN and a WAN is:
a) The number of software programs available, b) Distance.
c) The variety of hardware devices. d) The number of
hardware devices.
37. Crossing from one LAN to another LAN or a WAN is done over:
a) Bridges and gateways. b) Routers
c) Backbones, d) MANs
38. What type of network is the Internet?
a) LAN b) MAN
c) WAN d) None
39. In WAN, the communication software that allows a personal
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computer to appear as terminal is called:

a) Electronic mail software b) Teleconferencing
software
c) Terminal emulation software d) Bulletin board
system
40. MAN stands for:
a) Metropolitan area network. b Marked area
network.
c) Metropolitan arranged network. d) Manufactured
arrangement of networks.
41. A network that transmits data over citywide distances faster than
LAN is:
a) WAN b) LAN
c) MAN d) PAN
42. Remote access means that:
a) A computer is linked directly to a network.
b) You can access the Internet from anywhere.
c) You connect to a network through a phone line, television cable,
or satellite.
d) Your Internet connection is through a satellite rather than phone
lines.

43. NIC stands for:

a) Network internal card b) Newer industrial
computer.
c) Networking Internet connection. d) Network interface
card
44. NIC allows direct connection to:
a) The Internet. b) A network.
c) A printer. d) A modem.
45. Which of the following is a LAN protocol?
a) Ethernet b) Token Ring
c) ARCnet d) All
46. How many pairs of computers can simultaneously communicate on
Ethernet LAN?
a) 1 b) X
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c) 3 d) Multiple
47. CSMA/CD is a:
a) Technique for configuring client/server computer networks.
b) Method of avoiding and/or detecting collisions of Ethernet
transmissions.-
c) Protocol for bus and star topologies.
d) Category of multiplexing devices
48. The dominant LAN architecture is:
a) Ethernet. b) Token Ring
c) AppleTalk. d) Named Pipes.
49. The act of listening to the medium for a message is called:
a Contention, b) Carrier sensing.
c) Collision. d) Transparency.
50. A device that is used to connect two computers via an ordinary
telephone line is:
a) Ethernet Card b) Graphics Card
c) Modem d) Sound Card
51. Which of the following is not a LAN topology?
a) Bus b) Band
c) Star d) Ring
52. Which is the most common LAN topology for microcomputer
LANs?
a) Bus b) Band
c) Star d) Ring
53. The physical layout of a LAN is known as:
a) Topology b) Hub
c) Link d) None
54. A network that places all nodes on a single cable is called:
a) Star b) Ring
c) Band d) Bus
55. One or more computers connected to hub computer is called:
a) Ring Network b) Band
c) Bus d) Star Network
56. Topology that is used for a small number of computers is called:
a) Star b) Bus
c) Mesh d) Ring
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57. Which of the following topology uses routers?

a) Star b) Ring
c) Mesh d) Ring
58. Which topology uses multiple star topologies?
a) Tree b) Ring
c) Star d) Mesh
59. Which of the following protocol is used in bus topology?
a) Ethernet b) Token Ring
c) ARCnet d) TCP/IP
60. Which of the following topology uses ARCnet protocol?
a) Bus b) Mesh
c) Star d) Tree
61. FDDI is a:
a) Ring Network b) Star Network
c) Mesh Network d) Bus Network
62. Which protocol works on the concepts of ring network topology
and a token?
a) Token Ring b) Ethernet
c) TCP/IP d) ARCnet
63. A connection for similar networks uses:
a) Attenuation b) Gateway
c) Bridge d) None
64. The set of rules to exchange data in a communications network is
called:
a) Gateway b) Modem
c) Protocol d) Token
65. Which of the following is a type of protocol except:
a) Ethernet b) Token Bus
c) Token Ring d) CCIT
66. Ethernet, Token bus and Token Ring have been defined by:
a) IEEE b) CCIT
c) ISO d) Microsoft
67. A short message that travels around the communication medium is
called;
a) Ring b) Token
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c) Star d) None
68. Which of the following protocols were properly researched,
designed and finally published as a standard?
a) De facto b) Dejure
c) ISO d) CCIT
69. Two dissimilar networks can be connected by a:
a) Gateway b) Bridge
c) Bus d) None
70. The ITU was formerly known as:
a) CCIT b) ISO
c IBM d- SNA

71. Which of the following is a governing body to approve the network

standards?
a) IEEE b) EIA
c) ANSI d) All
72. The network configuration that allows every computer to act as
client and as well as a server is:
a) Client/server model b) Host system
c) Server network d) Peer-to-peer network
73. Peer-to-peer networks are best suited for:
a) Wide area networks or the Internet. b) LANs with heavy
network traffic)
c) Database-oriented client/server networks. d Small
networks with light network traffic)
74. The process of copying data from server to a personal computer is
called:
a) Uploading. b) Terminal emulation,
c) Downloading. d) Server sharing.
75. ISO is an acronym for the:
a) International Systems Opportunities b) International
Systems organization
c) International Standards Organization d) Internal
Standard Organization
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76. The bandwidth is

a) Transmission Media)
b): Measure of how fast data can transmitted
c) Measure of how fast data can be transmitted at once
d) The size of memory in the communication processor
77. The abbreviation ISDN stands for
a) Integrate system device network b) Integrated services
digital network
c) Integrated satellite data network d) Integrated single
dialup network
78. A device used to connect similar or dissimilar network
a) Routers b) Gateway
c) Bridge: d) None
79. OSI Reference Model has:
a) 7 layers b) 3 layers
c) 6 layers d) 1 layers
80. The layer that is responsible for establishing, maintaining and
terminating a user connection is called:
a) Presentation b) Application
c) Transport d) Session
81. The layer that is concerned with addressing and routing is called:
a) Network b) Data Link
c) Physical d) Transport
82. Data link have two separate sub-layers:
a) LLC and MAC b) CS and MA
c) Token and Ring d) Ethernet
83. The top most layer of the OSI is:
a) Application b) Session
c) Transport d) Presentation
84. The bottom layer of OSI Model is:
a) Application b) Physical
c) Transport d) Presentation

85.The layer that is used to control how a bit-streams of data is sent

and received over the physical medium is called:
a) Application b) Session
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c) Transport d) Physical
86. The layer that is responsible for flow control and ensuring
messages are delivered without error free is called:
a) Application b) Session
c) Transport d) Physical
87. The layer that defines the formats the data uses as it in transmitted
on the communication line is called:
a) Application b) Presentation
c) Transport d) Physical
88. The layer that provides services that directly support user
application:
a) Application b) Presentation
c) Transport d) Physical
89. OSI stands for:
a) Open system Interconnection b) Open system
international
c) Open Small Internet d) Open system Interlink
90. What layer of OSI models performs data compression?
a) Network b) Data Link
c) Presentation d) Physical
91. LAN is a combination of:
a) Network cards b) LAN cables
c) LAN application software d) All
92. People on LAN can share:
a) Printer b) Modem
c) CD-ROM/disk Drive d) All
93. Project 802 defines standard for which layers of the OSI model:
a) Application and presentation layers b) Physical and data
link layers
c) Transport and network layers d) Network and data
link layers
94. Terminal is a:
a) Device to give power supply to computer
b) Point at which data enters or leaves the computer
c) The last instruction in a program d) Any input /output
device
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95. Collection of millions of computer interlinked to each other is

called:
a) Interlink b) Internet
c) Collection d) Group
96. A collection of documents stored on computes permanently
connected with Internet around the world is called:
a) Telnet b) WWW
c) LAN d) FTP
97. A collection of related web pages is called:
a) Web-link b) Web site
c) Internet d) Linking

98. FTP stands for:

a) File Transfer Protocol b) Finis Tele Program
c) Finding Tele Path d) Failed Transmission Pole
99. FTP Facility is used to:
a) Transfer Protocol b) Transfer File
c) Connect to the Internet d) Self-check
computer
100. Services on the Internet include
a) World Wide Web b) FTP
c) e-mail d) all of these
101. Transferring information from computer to Internet is called:
a) Downloading b) Down Seizing
c) Uploading d) Pasting
102. Software to peruse the internet is called:
a) Gateway b) EFT
c) Browser d) Teleconferencing
103. Cabling on a linear bus topology can be extended using which of
following?
a) Terminator b) Barrel connector
c) Network adapter card d) Medium attachment

************ ** Wish You Best of Luck ***********

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