PRHWER EN INEERING Arner tomer Enno How To: Determine The Minimum Required Thickness Of A Boiler Drum by Power Engineering 101 sf§fBene In ASME code calculations involving cylindrical components you will be required to determine the minimum required thickness of a boiler drum. All referenced page numbers are from the 2007 ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code. Formula To determine the minimum required thickness of a boiler drum required for various applications you will use a formula contained within ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code PG-27 Cylindrical Components Under Internal Pressure page 10. Specifically PG-27.2.2 page 10 PG-27.2.2 Piping, Drums, and Headers. (based on strength of weakest course) /t is important to remember any cylinder with an outside diameter less then 125mm is to be considered tubing and the equation provided in PG-27.2.1 page 8 must be used. PG-16.3 Minimum Thicknesses /t s also important to note that according to PG-16.3 that the minimum thickness of any boiler plate under pressure shall be 1/4in (6mm) except for electric boilers constructed under the rules of Part PEB PG-27.2.2 Formula to calculate the minimum required thickness: Outside Diameter Equation PD seat 2SE+2yPPR Sopa TE SE-(1-y)P Formula Variables The symbols used within the PG-27 formulas are contained within paragraph PG-27.3 page 10and are defined as follows. inimum allowance for threading and structural stability (mm) (PG-27.4, note 3) page 11 D = Or OD..is Outside diameter of cylinder (mm) “In this case piping" E = Efficiency of longitudinal welded joints or of ligaments between openings, whichever is lower (the values allowed for E are listed in PG-27.4, note 1) page 11 ¢= Thickness factor for expanded tube ends (mm) (see PG-27.4, note 4) page 11 P = Maximum allowable working pressure "Gauge Pressure" (MPa) (see PG-21, refers to gauge pressure) R= Inside radius of cylinder (mm) "In this case boiler drum’ ‘= Maximum allowable stress value at the operating temperature of the metal Section Il, Part D, Table 1A. See PG-27.4, note 2) page 11. It is important when determining the maximum allowable stress value to check (PG-6 plate materials) page 4and (PG-9 boiler tube materials) page 5 before starting calculations as this information will determine the correct stress table to use by indicating whether the material is carbon steel or analloy steel. {t= minimum required thickness (mm) (see PG-27.4, note 7) page 12 y= temperature coefficient (see PG-27.4, note 6) page 11 [table id=1/] How to: Determine the minimum required thickness of a boiler drum questionsNote: All code questions are to be calculated in (mm) and (MPa) unless otherwise stated. Convert accordingly and properly before the calculation. Question #9 Question #9 Calculate if plate of SA-302-A with a thickness of 4.5mm being made into a boiler drum meets code Design Details: LD. = 0.350m MAW.P. = 1450kPa ‘Temperature = 475°C 7 0 Note: All code questions are fo be calculated in mm and MPa.2A1 Question #9 Question #9 Calculate if a plate of SA-302-A with a thickness of 4.5mm being made into a boiler drum meets code. Design Details: LD. = 0.350m MAW. = 1450kPa ‘Temperature = 475°C 7 Note: All code questions are to be calculated in mm and MPa. PG-27.2.2 2007 ASME Boller & Pressure Vessel Code 1D, = 0.350m-x 1000mm/m = 350mm R=LD.= 350mm = 175mm 2 2 P= 1450K?: 45MPa 145 04P 000KRs/MPa Tea7sec 7 (given) (given) ction Il, Part D, Table 1A at 475°C = 107MPa Y= 04 (PG-27.4 Note 6, 475°C < 480°C) PR ‘“se-a-yp 7° (1.45MPa)(175mm = ~G@O7MPa)(0.7) - (1 0.4)(LASMPay 253.75MPamm 74.9MPa - 0.87MPa +o 253,75MBamm 74.03MPa 4276mm +0 43mm ‘The plates does not meet code as PG-16.3 minimum thickness ~ The minimum thickness of any boiler plate under pressure shall be 1/4in (6mm)2A1 Solution #9 Question #10 Question #10 Calculate the minimum thickness required by code for a boiler drum constructed of SA-202-A with a design temperature of 400°C. The outside diameter is 1.4m. ‘The MAWP is 2000kPa and the ligament efficiency between the tube holes is O55. Note: All code questions are to be calculated in mm and MPa.2A1 Question #10 Question #10 Calculate the minimum thickness required by code for a boiler drum constructed of SA-202-A with a design temperature of 400°C. The outside diameter is 1.4m. ‘The MAWP is 2000kPa and the ligament efficiency between the tube holes is 055. Note: All code questions are to be calculated in mm and MPa PG-27.2.2 2007 ASME Boller & Pressure Vessel Code $= Section Il, Part D, Table 1A at 400°C = 107MPa D= 1.4m x 1000mm/# = 1400mm 000KPA=__2000KBa P= 2MPa 1000KRa/MPa E=055 C= 0 (PG-27.4 Note 3) y= 0.4 (PG-27.4 Note 6, 400°C < 480°C) pb 25E + 2yP +C 2MPa)(1400mm) TF 2(LO7MPa)(0.55) + 2(0.4)(2MPa) 2800MPamm -Ti77MPa+1omPa *+° 2800MPamm. 119.3MPa 347mm +0 347mm, ‘The minimum thickness required by code for the boiler drum is 23.47mm.21 Solution #10 Summary Did the examples provided help you understand how to calculate the minimum required thickness for a boiler drum? 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