MOBILITY

Definition

Mobility is the ability to get B point from A point and lots

of factors matter. Citizen mobility affected by such factors as
quality of environment, availability of parking lots, comfortable
public transport, convinience of routes and many others. Eco-
nomics of city based on its mobility and various options should
be available to support it. For logistic companies mobility is
the key factor and it should be predictable. For citizens it’s im-
portant to provide local mobility to achieve routine needs with
comfort and global mobility to participate in urban life. Local
mobility is focused on neighbourhood scale and based on qual-
ity of details and human-powered transport. Global mobility is
based on district interconnections and motorized transport.
There are three types of existing transport – private, pub-
lic and shared. Major portion is human-driven; however, the
self-driving cars are currently being tested. Transport politics
is to reduce number of vehicles on the road, by motivating peo-
ple to use public network.
Mobility is the key factor of air pollution and land use – up
to 70% of emission produced by cars, also in car-oriented cit-
ies free space very often become parking. In big cities mobility
shouldn’t be the element of status, but the efficient system that
provides its major function in the most effective way.
MOBILITY
Methodology

Scale Actors Methods

city habitants by foot
district municipal service wheelchair
block logistics bicycle
building emergency carriage
employers car
walkers bus
tourists train
visitors tram
trolleybus
metro
van
motorcycle
scooter
kick cycle
MOBILITY
Moscow

Public transport Private transport

3,8mln units;
307 cars/1000 inhabitants

1,8mln units

Land transport
Shared transport
More then 2 mln passengers per day

700 000 per day

1 800 cars

Subway
More then 5 mln passengers per day Capacity of roads in Moscow 400 000
Peak usage 700 000 and encreasing
MOBILITY
Where people go?

LABOUR
More the 50% of Muscovites work. Average citizen spends al-
most one hour to reach the place of work. He overcomes the
path of 18 kilometers. It is stereotype that all people use cars,
actually 30% do.

LEISURE
In modern Moscow Shopping Mall was the place for leisure for
long time. For now situation is slightly changing. People fed-up
with consumerism choose another way for rest – revitalization
of parks and new pedestrian routes take plase – citizens walk
more, but new routs appear principally in center.

STUDY
According urban planning policy schools should cover all living
area with radius of 500 meters. Same for kindergarden, ex-
cept radius - 250 meters. In ideal conditions pupils can achieve
schools by foots, otherwise parents choose one located on the
way to work.
SHOPPING
In Moscow there are some distributed food chains of different
scale for everyday use. Also there are hypermarkets for holiday
trip. Local stores are appearing in last time, but also in format of
chains. Very few retail streets are compensated by huge malls,
where dosens of brands are located under one roof.

FACILITIES
Most of policlinics, gyms, cinemas, etc are located in the area of
pedestrian accessibility.
MOBILITY
How people get goods?
There are two principal ways to get goods:
When person get goods by delivery mechanism of logistics runs
When person get goods by delivery logistics mechanism runs.
Delivery provides by service with calculated schedule and optimized
routes.
Companies use different models of delivery, usually combining some
orders thereby reducing the number of units on the road.
Weak points of this concept are waiting period and necessety of commu-
nicatition with delivery provider.
When person get goods by himself mechanism of mobility runs
When person get goods by himself mobility mechanism runs.
Citizen chooses time and place by his own, process of connecting pro-
vided with mobility infrastructure. It means that all the way from flat to
object and vice versa consists of vertical and horisontal communications,
transport systems, traffic and other obstacles.
Weak points of this concept appear when quantity of obstacles outweight
the desire to get goods.
40 % 1 % 7 % 30 % 15 % 7 %

228 5,7 39,9 171 85,5 39,9

182,4 4,56 31,92 136,8 68,4 31,92

MOBILITY
Commute

1000 inhabitants 245 METRO 114 WALK+METRO

57% employers
36min riding 22min walking

Distance 18km 20min walking+waiting 10min riding

Time 53min 21km average distance 9km average distance

64min average time 38min average time

Metro Tram Bus Car Walking Stay home

Tram Bus
1 % 7 % 171 CARS 40 BUS
Metro
40 %
Car
2200m2 parking 12min walking+waiting
30 %
21,5km average distance 31min riding

Stay home
51min average time 16km average distance
Walking
7 %
15 %
55min average time

"1
MOBILITY
Transport characteristics

Motorized

5,6X2m

5,2X1,6m

2,1X0,8m

1,7X0,7m

1,7X0,7m
MOBILITY
Parking characteristics

2,5m 1,5m 3,3m

5,5m

2,5m
MOBILITY
Self-sufficiency in block

1,4mWT/day
MOBILITY
Scale

city building flat

within Garden ring mobility area mobility area

28% 16% 12%
within Third ring
14%
within Moscow Ring Road
6%
MOBILITY
Where people live?

500 1730s 200 1930s 3000 1960s

inhabitants inhabitants inhabitants
Kuznetsky Most Sokol Village Izmaylovo

Legend
1000
inhabitants

Building

7000 1970s 6000 1980s

inhabitants inhabitants
Lavochkina st. Fili
MOBILITY
Horisontal communications

Lane Corridor Gallery

Transit Connection Leisure
Open Closed Semi-open

Foyer Atrium Passage

Meeting Relax Retail
Closed Semi-open Closed
 MOBILITY
Vertical communications

Staircase Elevator Ramp

5,3X3 m 1,6X1,7 m 1:12 = 8% = 4,80

average dimension minimal dimension slope

33 persons/minute 3x4 m 0,5 m

capacity maximum dimension maximum height

1 m/s
average speed

60 seconds
waiting time
MOBILITY
Last Mile

Last mile is a term used in supply chain management and transportation planning to describe the movement of
people and goods from a transportation hub to a final destination in the home.
Transporting goods via freight rail networks and container ships is often the most efficient and cost-effective
manner of shipping. However, when goods arrive at a high-capacity freight station or port, they must then be
transported to their final destination. This last leg of the supply chain is often less efficient, comprising up to
28% of the total cost to move goods. The main challenges of last mile delivery include minimizing cost, ensuring
transparency, increasing efficiency, making delivery frictionless and improving infrastructure. Retail companies
like US based Amazon and China based Alibabahave researched and deployed drones for delivering goods pur-
chased online to consumers. Amazon has also set up lockers in some urban centers as a way of consolidating
packages. Automated parcel delivery is becoming a popular option these days. Europe has led the way in this
with Germany, Britain and Poland being the first markets for these services.
Last mile” has also been used to describe the difficulty in getting people from a transportation hub, especial-
ly railway stations, bus depots, and ferry slips, to their final destination. Traditional solutions to the first mile
problem in public transit have included the use of feeder buses, bicycling infrastructure, and urban planning
reform. Other methods of alleviating the last mile problem such as bicycle sharing systems, car sharing
programs, pod cars (personal rapid transit), and motorized shoes have been proposed with varying degrees of
adoption. Late in 2015, the Ford Motor Company received a patent for a “self-propelled unicycle engagable with
vehicle”, which is intended as a last mile commuter solution. Bicycle sharing programmes, however, have been
widely successful in Europe and Asia, and are beginning to be implemented on a large scale in North America.

A B
MOBILITY
How to reduce mobility?

40% of Muscovites older 18 have bicycles,

70% of them don’t use it at all.

Average distance to metro in Moscow is

1,42km.
MOBILITY
How to reduce mobility?

Multifunctional hub, located in last mile buffer,

give an opportunity to meet consumer and service provider
on the neutral territory, where inhabitant can go by foot or
by bicycle.
Small business get the option to work without own
office, but to provide services very close to the customer.
Inhabitant get the opportunity to spent less time
for routine things and achieve lots of companies in a foot
distance.
MOBILITY
Prospective

Existing scenario

= 35 % + +

Prospective scenario

+ =
MOBILITY
Drone delivery

Drone characteristics Table 1

Carrying
Width Length Height Distance
Weight (kg) capacity
(mm) (mm) (mm) (km)
(kg)

Drone 1 5kg 735mm 735mm 550 15km 2kg

Drone 2 12kg 780mm 780mm 550 15km 5kg

Dock
1500 1500 1000
station

Copter Express