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Prior to proceeding further in the User Manual it is essential that personnel are familiar
with the safety, warnings and procedures for this installation.
Therefore proceed to view the safety, warnings and procedures
before undertaking any task.
I have read and understood the Safety Measures and Procedures and wish to proceed.
SOCAR AMMONIA & UREA COMPLEX PROJECT 1121-A-500 Rev. 0
5.1 BOILER
TITAN M s are watertube, natural circulation steam generators designed for
continuous operation.
The boiler is bottom supported type with drum and water wall saddles.
It has been designed with full use of structural strength of the tubing to transmit boiler load to the
foundations via water drum and water wall saddles.
The boiler is fired under positive pressure and the products of the combustion travel the full
length of the furnace before entering into the evaporator bank tubes.
The boiler mainly consists of the following parts:
Steam drum with internals
Water drum with saddles
Furnace with membrane waterwalls
Evaporator bank tubes (hereinafter called boiler bank)
Feeders and risers tubes
Superheater split in two stages (primary and final)
Economizer
Insulation with lagging and refractories
The supplied drum internals are designed to effectively provide both functions and consist of:
Deflecting and separating plates
Cyclones
Steam driers
The drum is also fitted with the following internals pipes:
Perforated BFW pipe
Continuous blow down pipe
Provision for future installation of phosphate injection pipe
The internals are suitably supported by lugs attached to the drum shell.
Steam drum is also equipped with the connections for:
Saturated steam
Level transmitters
Level gauges
Pressure safety valves
Continuous blowdown
BFW inlet
Instruments
5.1.3 Furnace
The furnace is the combustion chamber designed to provide a suitable volume and retention
time to ensure a complete combustion of the fuel before flue gases enter the convective section.
The combustion chamber is enclosed by membraned walls (waterwalls).
Waterwalls are realized by sealing the spaces between the tubes with continuously welded steel
fins. The waterwalls are heated by the combustion flames, while being cooled by the steam-
water mixture that flows internally.
This type of construction is completely gas-tight and reduces to the minimum the use of the
refractory required for small specific areas (e.g.: boiler enclosures, housing of the burners,
peepholes and the furnace floor).
Front and rear walls are connected to the lower and upper headers by welding.
D shaped tubes and boiler bank division wall are connected to the steam and water
drums by expanding.
Peepholes and access doors are provided.
The furnace is composed by the following sections:
Front wall furnace housing the burners
Upper and lower front wall headers
Furnace rear wall forming the rear side of the furnace
Upper and lower rear wall headers
D-tubes forming the floor, lateral and roof furnace walls
Boiler bank division wall
5.1.6 Superheater
The superheater is divided in two stages: primary superheater (W-H-401A-E-02) and final
superheater (W-H-401A-E-03). One intermediate spray water desuperheater is provided.
The superheater is installed at the end of the furnace before the boiler bank.
The superheater is drainable and consists of:
Bent bare tubes
Tube supports and spacers
Inlet/outlet headers with welded nozzles
Interconnecting piping between steam drum and primary superheater bank inlet header
Interconnecting piping between primary superheater outlet header and final superheater
bank inlet header
Piping from final superheater bank outlet header up to battery limit
5.2 ECONOMIZER
The economizer (W-H-401A-E-01) is located at boiler flue gas path outlet. It is drainable type
and made of horizontal carbon steel finned tubes.
The economizer scope is to recover heat from the flue gases flowing out of the boiler to heat-up
the feedwater in order to achieve the optimal efficiency.
The economizer is externally insulated for heat conservation and personnel protection purpose.
5.3 DESUPERHEATER
One spray water desuperheater (W-H-401A-DS-01) is provided. It is installed between primary
and final superheater stages in order to keep the superheated steam temperature steady within
the specified control range. The desuperheating medium is BFW supplied by a line branched
from main BFW line to economizer.
The desuperheating water flow rate is controlled by the steam temperature control loop which
acts on the control valve FV-4503.
To control the steam temperature on FD fan steam turbine exhaust line, one desuperheater
(W-H-401A-DS-02) is provided. The desuperheating medium is BFW supplied by a line
branched from main BFW line to economizer and the water flow rate is controlled by the steam
temperature control loop which acts on the control valve TV-4520.
The ejector has a particular shape with six lobes. The combustion air passing through the lobes
is accelerated in order to create eight low pressure zones.
These zones promote the recirculation of a great amount of flue gas using the combustion air a
driving media.
The burner design allows also the steam injection into the air side in order to improve the NOx
reduction.