Reliance Industries Limited

MISCIBLE / IMMISCIBLE GAS EOR

 MISCIBLE / IMMISCIBLE GAS EOR

Miscible Gas EOR Recovery Mechanisms

LPG slug driven by Lean NG
Dry Gas
N2 / Flue Gas
Enriched HC Gas (WAG / SWAG / FAWAG)
CO2 WAG / SWAG / FAWAG
CCS + CO2 WAG / SWAG

Immiscible Gas EOR CO2 vs. Other Gases

CO2 / HC Gas Cyclic Stimulation
GAGD

2
MISCIBLE / IMMISCIBLE GAS EOR STATS

3
Advantages of Different Miscible Processes

4
Limitations of Different Miscible Processes

5
Limitations of Different Miscible Processes

6
Challenges in Gas EOR

7
WAG Process

8
GAGD Process

9
HC Miscible Flooding

10
Screening Criteria for HC & N2 Miscible EOR

1
Pseudo-Ternary Diagram

12
First Contact Miscible (FCM)

13
MCM via Vaporizing Drive Mechanism

14
MCM via Condensing Drive Mechanism

Laboratory Studies

15
MCM via Combined Drive Mechanism

16
Slime Tube Displacement & RBA

Slime Tube Experiment

RBA

17
 MMP or MME Estimation Methods

MMP or MME Estimation Limiting Tie-Line Method

Si l Cell
Single C ll Simulation
Si l ti

Intersecting Tie-Line Method

Multi-Cell Simulation

18
Impact of Dispersion on Miscible Displacement

19
Impact of WAG Ratio

Why WAG Process?

‰ Improved Areal & Vertical Sweep
‰ Improved Mobility Control
‰ Lower cost due to less gas injection
‰ Improved Displacement Efficiency
‰ 72 field cases show 5-10% increase in recovery

20
Case Study of HCMF - India

21
Recovery Efficiency of HCMF – Canada

2
NORTH SEA HCMF PROJECTS

23
Case Study of HCMF – Magnum, UK, North Sea

Discovered 1974
Magnus 20 slot platform
1979
constructed

First oil 1983

Gas import from West of Shetland 2002

Miscible WAG injection EOR
started

Magnus extension
project added 8 slots 2006

Infill drilling from new 2008

slots

First 5 infill wells 2010

drilled from new slots

24
Gas Supply & Export– Magnum, UK, North Sea

Magnus
g
Schiehallion Clair
EoS P/L
200 km

Northern Leg
Gas P/L
Crude Oil
WoS P/L Ninian P/L
200 km Sullom Voe
Brent
Foinaven

Flags P/L
Shetland Islands

Gas and LPG Market

25
 Production History– Magnum, UK, North Sea

Water Rate Oil Rate Water Inj Gas Inj

300

200

100

0
1983

1985

1987

1989

1991

1993

1995

1997

1999

2001

2003

2005

2007

2009
1

2
10 yrs Plateau
Gas
First oil Injection
Water
breakthrough

• STOOIP: 1.6 Billion STB First well

from new
• 39°API oil slot
l t

26
 Stratigraphy– Magnum, UK, North Sea
„ Late Jurassic
„ Sheet-like Turbidite deposition in deep water setting
„ ~ 10 m thick sand packages
GR TVDSS ILD RHOB
CPI Log 0 200 0.2 200 Principal Zonation Sequence
MD NPHI

2850
Equivalents
Typical Biostrat Control

MSM
High NTG MSM G
> 70% MSM F

290 0
Upper J64
WAG

Thickness MSM E
~ 150m MSM
MSM C / MSBRZ

2950
B Shale
J60
Lower J63
MSM A
MSM
50m

3000
LKCF
LK90
Low NTG
~ 20%
WF
F

LK80
3050

Thickness J62
~ 100m LKCF
LK60
3100

LK40 J50 J56

base not shown here LK20, LK10 J54/52

27
 WAG contribution– Magnum, UK, North Sea

„ Miscible gas with alternating water injection

EOR contribution to Magnus Main Field Oil Production
– Driving residual oil saturation below 80%
that achieved under waterflood
EOR contribution New EOR
„ Sor (WF) = 25% producer
„ Sorm = 8% (core flood) 60%

– S Sweeping
eep g byby-passed
passed oil
o trapped
t apped under
u de
shale barriers 40%

– Vaporising drive
20%

„ 4 active EOR patterns since 2002

– WAG injectors converted from WI 0%
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
– 145 bscf gas injected
– 14 mmstb EOR oil produced

„ Currently expanding EOR patterns

– Infill drilling
– Dedicated WAG injectors

28
CO2 MISCIBLE EOR

29
CO2 MISCIBLE EOR

30
CO2 EOR SCREENING

31
CO2 EOR FIELD PROJECTS

32
CO2 EOR FIELD PROJECTS (USA)

3
CO2 EOR ADVANTAGES

34
CO2 EOR RECOVERY FACTORS

35
CO2 EOR FIELD CHALLENGES

36
CO2 EOR FIELD CHALLENGES

37
CO2 EOR FIELD PROJECTS

38
CO2 EOR CASE HISTORY - SACROC

39
CO2 EOR CASE HISTORY - WEYBURN

40
CO2 EOR CASE HISTORY – SALT CREEK

41
CO2 EOR CASE HISTORY – MIDALE, CANADA

Source: Apache Canada, 200942

CO2 EOR CASE HISTORY – MIDALE, CANADA

Source: Apache Canada, 200943

CO2 EOR CASE HISTORY – MIDALE, CANADA

Source: Apache Canada, 20094

Thank You