Synchronous Motor Characteristics

PROBLEM 09 � 0327: (i) The inside diameter of the stator of a small, three-
phase,

six-pole synchronous machine is

0.300 m. and the length of

the stator stack is 0.250 m. If the

air-gap flux density is

sinusoidally distributed at the

inside surface of the stator,

and has a peak value of 0.96 T.

find the flux per pole.

(ii) The machine of Part-(i) has 36

slots in its stator; that is,

there are 6 slots per pole. Since

each pole corresponds to

180 electrical degrees, there are

(180� / 6) or 30 electrical

degrees per slot.(a) If each coil

has a span of 5 slots, what

are the coil pitch, p, and the

pitch factor, kp?

(b) What is the maximum flux

linkage with each coil, if the

coils have two turns?

(c) If the machine is running at

1000 rev/min, what rms

voltage is induced in each coil?

PROBLEM 09 � 0328: (i) A 20 pole, 40 hp, 660 V, 60 Hz, three-phase,

wye-connected, synchronous motor is

operating at no-load

with its generated voltage per

phase exactly equal to the

phase voltage applied to its

armature. At no-load, the rotor is

retarded 0.5 mechanical degree from

its synchronous

position. The synchronous reactance

is 10 ohms, and the
 effective armature resistance is 1
ohm per phase. Calculate:

(a) The rotor shift from the

synchronous position, in electrical

degrees

(b) The resultant emf across the

armature, per phase

(c) The armature current, per phase

(d) The power per phase, and the

total power drawn by the

motor from the bus

(e) The armature power loss, and

the developed

horsepower.

(ii) Repeat part- (i) with a

mechanical displacement of 5�

between rotor and synchronous

position.

PROBLEM 09 � 0329: The following test results were obtained from a 60-Hz,

6-pole, 15-kVA, 220-V synchronous

motor:

Open-Circuit Test

Field current = 6.7 A

Terminal potential difference = 220 V

Short-Circuit Test

Field current = 6.7 A

Average line current = 57 A

The motor is designed to operate at

a full-load leading power

factor of 0.8. Determine

(a) The required full-load field

current.
 (b) The reactive power absorbed by
the motor on full load.

PROBLEM 09 � 0330: The characteristic curves of a 45-kva six-pole three-

phase

Y-connected 220-volt 60-cycle

salient-pole synchronous

motor are given in Fig. 1. The

zero-power- factor curve in the

figure is for 118 amp per terminal.

Other data for the motor

are:

Field resistance = 30 ohms at 75�C

Friction and windage loss = 810

watts at 60 cycles

Stray-load loss = 540 watts at 60

cycles and rated armature

current

Direct-current armature resistance

= 0.050 ohm per phase at

75�C

Unsaturated quadrature synchronous

reactance = 0.53 ohm

per phase

Assume that the motor is operating

at rated kva load, with

rated voltage and frequency

impressed on its terminals, with

leading current and power factor at

0.8.

Calculate the field current and

efficiency of the motor using

the double-reactance method.

Torque, Torque Angle, Hunting Oscillation

PROBLEM 09 � 0331: A 2,000-hp 1.0-power-factor 3-phase Y-connected,

2,300-volt 30-pole 60-cps

synchronous motor has a

synchronous reactance of 1.95 ohms

per phase. For the

purposes of this problem all losses

may be neglected.

(a) Compute the maximum torque in

pound-feet which this

motor can deliver if it is supplied

with power from a

constant-voltage constant-frequency
source, commonly

called an infinite bus, and if its

field excitation is constant at

the value which would result in

1.00 power factor at rated

load.

(b) Instead of the infinite bus of

part a, suppose that the

motor were supplied with power from

a 3-phase Y-connected

2,300-volt 1,750-kva 2-pole 3,600-

rpm turbine-generator

whose synchronous reactance is 2.65

ohms per phase. The

generator is driven at rated speed,

and the field excitations

of generator and motor are adjusted

so that the motor runs

at 1.00 power factor and rated

terminal voltage at full load.

The field excitations of both

machines are then held

constant, and the mechanical load

on the synchronous

motor is gradually increased.

Compute the maximum motor

torque under these conditions. Also

compute the terminal

voltage when the motor is

delivering its maximum torque.

PROBLEM 09 � 0332: A 75-HP, three-phase, six-pole, 60-Hz, Y-connected,

cylindrical-rotor synchronous motor

has synchronous

reactance of 9.6 O per phase. Its

rated terminal voltage is

500 v per phase. (a) Find the value

of excitation voltage that

makes maximum torque to be 120

percent of rated torque.

(b) The machine is operated with

the excitation voltage set

as in part (a). For rated load

torque, find the armature

current, the power factor, and the

torque angle.
void speech(){
if (readString =="forward" || readString == "forwards" || readString ==
"umabante" || readString == "umaabante" || readString == "pasulong"){
motorSpeed = 255;
forward();
delay(500);
}
else if (readString =="slow forward" || readString == "slow forwards" ||
readString == "umaabante na mabagal" || readString == "mabagal na abante"){
motorSpeed = 200;
forward();
delay(500);
}
else if (readString =="backward" || readString == "backwards"|| readString ==
"umatras"){
motorSpeed = 255;
backward();
delay(500);
}
else if (readString =="slow backward" || readString == "slow backwards" ||
readString == "umatras na mabagal" || readString == "mabagal na umatras"){
motorSpeed = 200;
backward();
delay(500);
}
else if (readString =="right"){
motorSpeed = 255;
right();
delay(1900);
still();
delay(500);
}
else if (readString =="slow right"){
motorSpeed = 200;
right();
 delay(1900);
still();
delay(500);
}
else if (readString =="left" || readString == "kaliwa"){
motorSpeed = 255;
left();
delay(1900);
still();
}
else if (readString =="slow left" || readString == "mabagal na kaliwa " ||
readString == "mabagal na pakaliwa"){
motorSpeed = 250;
left();
delay(1900);
still();
}
else if (readString =="stop" || readString == "tumigil"){
still();
delay(500);
}
else if (readString =="rotate right"){
rightReverse();
delay(500);
}

else if (readString =="rotate left" || readString == "umikot sa kaliwa" ||

readString == "umikot pakaliwa" || readString == "ikot pakaliwa" || readString ==
"ikot sa kaliwa"){
leftReverse();
delay(500);
}