International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018
IoT based Home Security and Automation
System: A Review
Anuja Damkonde
Department of Computer Science and Information Technology,
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad 431004.
Abstract: Home automation is becoming popular due to its
various benefits. Home automation refers to the control of home
appliances and domestic features by local networking or by
remote control. Artificial Intelligence provides us the framework
to go real-time decision and automation for Internet of Things
(IoT).The work deals with discussion about different intelligent
home automation systems and technologies from a various
features standpoint. The work focuses on concept of home
automation where the monitoring and control operations are
facilitating through smart devices installed in residential
buildings. Heterogeneous home-automation systems and
technologies considered in review with central controller based
(Arduino or Raspberry pi), web based, email based, Bluetooth-
based, ZigBee based, Wi-Fi based, GSM based, cloud-based and
the Internet with performance.
Keywords: Internet of Things (IoT), Wireless Sensor
Network (WSN), Home Automation Microcontroller
(Raspberry pi, Arduino), Home Automation System
(HAS), Smart Home Energy Management System
(SHEMS), Message Queue Telemetry Transportation
(MQTT), General packet radio service (GPRS), Radio
Frequency Identification (RFID), Global System for Mobile
communication (GSM), Amazon Web Service (AWS),
World Health Organization (WHO), Support Vector
Machine (SVM)
1. INTRODUCTION
The concept of home automation has been around since the
late 1970s. But with the advancement of technology and
services, people’s expectations of what a home should do
or how the services should be provided and accessed at
home has changed a lot during the course of time, and so
has the idea of home automation systems.
Automation can be quoted as a technique or system of
monitoring or controlling a process by electronic devices
with reduced human involvement. The fundamental of
building an automation system for an office or home is
increasing day-by-day with numerous benefits. Industrialist
and researchers are working to build efficient and
affordable automatic systems to monitor and control
different machines like lights, fans and AC etc. based on
the requirement. Automation not only helps in increasing
efficiency but also in economical use of the electricity and
water reducing their wastage [1].
IoT grant people and things to be connected any-time,
anyplace, with anyone, ideally using some network and
service [2]. Automation is an important application of IoT
technology. It constitutes the monitoring of the energy
consumption and controlling the environment in buildings,
Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018
ISSN 2278-6856
schools, offices and museums by using different types of
sensors and actuators that control lights, temperature, and
humidity.
Nowadays, the security level is also a very
important, always emphasized and enhanced system.
Different ways of security system have been enhanced
such as use a large number of security officers, the use
of sophisticated weapons, the use alarms, monitoring
system, through the production of electronic hardware and
software and much more. All of this improvement depends
on their usage. One of the most important safety
system and required for all social group is home security.
Houses need to be monitored at all times such as from
theft, fire and short circuits. Recently, the rate of
crimes involving robbery, murder and fires is increasing
and worrying all of us. So, home surveillance system
must be upgraded to be more effective to keep up with the
increasing crime rate.
Internet of things based home security and automation is
too much beneficial due to some reasons.
1) It is less costly for installation.
2) It had a wide range of control of appliances.
3) It is also an energy saving system.
4) It is better for the security of your home.
5) Control is easily access able to your cell phone or PC
The rest of the paper is organized as follows. In section 2
we provide a Features and Challenges on the Home
Automation system. Section 3 describes the theory behind
Wireless Communication technologies. In section 4, we
describe the Smart home security objectives while section 5
provide Literature review on the different technologies such
as ZigBee, Wi-Fi, GSM, Bluetooth and voice controlled
Home applications. Lastly we have concluded this paper.
2. HOME AUTOMATION
The smart home is also quoted as Home automation,
with the use of various technology, to make the domestic
activities more convenient, cost-effective, comfortable and
secure.
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 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018
Figure 1: Block diagram of Home Automation System
The main components of home automation system are as
follows:
1) User Interface: Devices or Appliances that can give
commands to control a system such as a monitor, computer
or a phone.
2) Mode of communication technology: wired connections
(e.g. Ethernet, Power Line Communication, Multimedia
over Coax, ITU-T G.hn) or Wireless connections (Radio
waves, Bluetooth, GSM, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, Z-Wave,
EnOcean,) etc.
3) Controller: It is a hardware interface that communicates
with user interface to control the home electrical
appliances
4) Electronic Devices: A home electrical appliances like
bulb, an AC or a heater, which is suitable with the
communication mode, and connected to the essential
control system.
2.1 FEATURES OF HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM
In recent years, wireless systems like Remote Control have
become more popular in home networking. Also in
automation systems, the use of wireless technologies
provide several advantages that could not be achieved with
the use of a wired network only[3].
1) Installation cost is reduced : In this system no cabling
is necessary so installation costs are essentially lessened.
Wired systems oblige cabling, yet the material utilized for
wires and the proficient establishing about cables (e.g. into
walls, underground) may be expensive.
2) System is easy to scalable and extent: Due to the use of
wireless network, It is easy to degree our network
according to changing requirement of the system, instead
of wired installations, in which cabling extension is
tedious[4].
3) Home automation is very flexible: All the operations
are combined at a time like switching on the bulb(lights)
and they even control the music system. All these
operations could a chance to be completed ahead a solitary
try. It is highly efficient. It is turning into simpler to
decrease those power bill by utilizing the pro-active based
home-automated appliances.
4) It is less time consuming: Home automation makes
the
Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018
ISSN 2278-6856
work easier in a way that the work will be finished with
the
less time.
5) It is also called Assistive Domestics: It focuses mainly
on making it possible for the elderly and disabled to remain
at home, safe and comfortable.
2.2 CHALLENGES IN HOME AUTOMATION
SYSTEM
The smart Home Automation challenges are as follows:
Figure 2: Challenges of the HAS
1) Reliability:
For home automation to succeed, developers ought to
location consideration in regards the reliability for sensible
devices compared with ancient home appliances and
equipments.
If connected devices don't have comparable practicality
with forerunner appliance, they might generate an
reinstatement classification of issues, such as how to
guarantee service stability within the event of a sudden
breakdown or service disappointment.
A large-scale service outage is one factor; however a
connected device or home automation merchandiser is
additionally at the mercy of the consumer's broadband
affiliation[5].
If your product cannot fall back to some lower normal of
helpful practicality once an web association may be
unavailable, the consumer's valuation for your product are
harmed when their net connection has issue. This makes a
oversized third-party reliance for sensible device
companies.
2) Date Collection and Use:
Many connected home and smart products rely on value
propositions that need aid to some degree around new
functionality, and in part about the 'smarter' utilization of
assets. In place should accomplish this, data flows between
the devices and servers operated by the device providers,
between devices, and to and from the consumer's smart
phone or computer. This creates opportunities to collect
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 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018
information that may be used to improve the service, or be
analysed by marketers to learn regarding consumers' habits
to create and grow existing relationships.
Much of the information being generated and collected is
'personal information' inside the that means of Directive
95/46/EC, and with the overall information Protection
Regulation (GDPR) set to come back into force within the
EU on twenty five could 2018, any businesses wanting to
require advantage of those opportunities ought to keep
information privacy at the highest of their agendas[5]. Even
if the systems aren't hacked by malicious third parties, users
and customers should be confident that the vendors
provision these product and services area unit by
themselves trustworthy.
Vendors ought to see compliance with information
protection laws as a value differentiator when developing
their product offerings and selling methods. Vendors that
fail to do this may step by step lose and more and more
information and privacy aware market. In addition, failing
clearly to tell customers concerning however their
information is collected, hold on and processed could
breach the GDPR and end in fines of up to €20m or four
per cent of world annual turnover, whichever is higher[5].
3) Data transformation and integration
Those evolving 'connected home' implies that huge
numbers related professions, for example, locksmith,
heating engineer and electrician, need to consider putting
software at the heart of their businesses and transforming
themselves into digital providers to keep up with the
market.
These experts still represent key intermediaries for
consumer choices about major installation projects.
Vendors that see this, Furthermore provide software tools
which can be deployed to interrelate with particular
products, are more likely to profit from the goodwill
generated in the professional community.
Another aspect to consider is standardization and the ability
to connect to systems/devices from other manufacturers.
Having APIs or other standards-based connectivity
solutions that allow devices to control/be controlled by
other devices can add significantly to the overall value
proposition to the consumer.
This raises the question of which company owns particular
standards for device interconnectivity. Where any
partnerships with other device manufacturers, platform
providers or app developers are to be considered, both
parties should address and carefully document how any
newly created intellectual property will be owned at the
outset to avoid difficulties down the line[5].
4) Liability:
Solutions to smart device problems often come in the form
of updates and patches, which aren't continuously totally
dependable. Developers also need to tolerate in mind that
not all users will download updates as they become
available, leading to 'version lag' as devices continue to run
older software.
Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018
ISSN 2278-6856
In addition to making support challenges for vendors, this
could leave devices vulnerable to attack. All of this creates
a complex situation from a product liability perspective, as
the device being used at any given point may function very
differently to the device the consumer first bought. Since
many connected devices need an ongoing service
component from the vendor to program, the consumer
facing T&Cs associated with a service are one way for
manufacturers to try to limit and exclude liability.
Those adequacy of this methodology will vary by
jurisdiction, and the law is probable will venture in with
render exclusions or limitations invalid in jurisdictions with
a more protective attitude to consumer privileges.
Where the relevant manufacturer has partnered with
another device manufacturer or platform provider, these
kinds of liability issues might be tended in the agreements
that legislate the commercial relationship.
In large number of cases, where manufacturers simply
follow a distributed standard for device interaction,
alternately use a recorded government funded API,
liabilities will a chance to be clearly delineated, and
vendors will have to proceed on the supposition that they
might bear an significant and only those hazard regardless
of there are outward elements included.
3. WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGIES
There are other different technologies which are used in the
wireless sensor networks .these are : ZigBee , Z-Wave, Wi-
Fi , Bluetooth, 6LoWPAN, RFID etc.
1) ZigBee is an IEEE 802.15.4 based communication
protocol for creating small Personal Area Network. The
ZigBee technology is simpler and less expensive than other
personal area network technologies such as Bluetooth. It
can transmit data for distances to 10-100 meters line-of-
sight due to its low power consumption. It is normally used
in the applications which require low data rate and long
battery life while ensuring secure transmission.
2) Wi-Fi is a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network)
technology based on the IEEE 820.11 standards. Wi-Fi uses
radio waves to exchange data amongst things within 100 m
range. Wi-Fi enables smart devices to communicate and
exchange information without using a router with some ad
hoc configurations. Devices that can use Wi-Fi technology
include personal computers, smart phones, digital cameras,
tablet computers, smart TVs, digital audio players, modern
printers etc. Wi-Fi compatible devices can connect to the
Internet via a WLAN and a wireless access point.
3) Bluetooth presents a communication technology that
operates over short distances using short-wavelength radio
to exchange data between devices and with minimized
power consumption. Bluetooth's standard area network
range is about 10 meters i.e. for indoor applications.
Bluetooth low energy (BLE) a short range radio with a
reduced amount of power consumption to operate for a
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 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018 ISSN 2278-6856

longer time (even for years). Its communication range is
range is ten times higher than a classic Bluetooth and
therefore it is very ideal and widely used in IoT
applications.
4) 6LoWPAN stands for IPv6 over Low power Wireless
Personal Area Network. So it is integration of Low power
IEEE 802.15.4 devices into IPv6 networks. It defines set of
protocols to be utilized as a part of integration of sensor
nodes into IPv6 network. The application areas for low
power radio communication includes home automation,
offices and environmental monitoring since they require
wireless internet connectivity at lower data rates.
any authorized entity. Such resources are also protected
against any incident that threatens their availability.
4) Authenticity: the validation that communicating parties
are who they claim they are, and that messages supposedly
sent by them are indeed sent by them.
5) Authorization: the assurance that the access rights of
every entity in the system are defined for the purposes of
access control.
6) Non repudiation: the assurance that undeniable proof
will exist to verify the truthfulness of any claim of an
entity.
5. LITERATURE REVIEW

5) RFID is known as radio-frequency identification. It is a Different technologies used to build up a home automation
bidirectional radio frequency identification system, which system will be discussed in this section (Figure 3) along
consists of tags and readers that can be interfaced to with their benefits, features and their applications:
handheld computing devices or personal computers. It
follows the electronic product code (EPC) protocol. It can
coexist with other technologies, such as ¬ZigBee and Wi-
Fi. RFID operates under a wide range of frequency bands,
which vary from 120 kHz - 10 GHz and the detection
distance can vary from 10 cm - 200 m. It can provide the
data rate of up to 4 Mbps. RFID is used in home area
network applications such as lighting control, etc.

6) Z-Wave is a reliable, low-power, low-cost proprietary

wireless communication technology that is suitable for
short-range communications. It is designed specifically for
remote control applications in residential and light
commercial environments. It supports the data rate of up to
40 kbps and the coverage distance of up to 30 meters. Z-
Wave supports mesh networks, which makes it a good
candidate for CPNs. However, it provides short-range
communications and has low data transmission rate. It
operates in 900MHz unlicensed radio frequency band used
in Australia and North America, while 2.4GHz is
unlicensed band used worldwide including Australia. Figure 3: Types of Home automation and security
Generally, 900MHz solutions provide significantly longer system
range and lower power.
5.1 ZIGBEE BASED WIRELESS HOME
4. SMART HOME SECURITY OBJECTIVES AUTOMATION SYSTEM

The protection afforded to an automated information
system in order to attain the applicable objectives of
preserving the confidentiality, integrity, availability,
authenticity, authorization and non repudiation of
information system resources (includes hardware, software,
firmware, information/ data, and telecommunications)
The smart home security objectives are as follows:
1) Confidentiality: the assurance that data will be
disclosed only to authorized individuals or systems.
2) Integrity: the assurance that the accuracy and
consistency of data will be maintained. No unauthorized
modifications, destruction or losses of data will go
undetected.
3) Availability: the assurance that any network resource
(data/ bandwidth/equipment) will always be available for
A ZigBee based low cost and flexible home automation
system has been introduced in reference [6]. The
controlling and monitoring of the home's low and high date
rate such as multimedia applications was implemented by
using ZigBee and Wi-Fi standard. A home gateway has
been developed to provide interoperability between these
networks. The Home Gateway was integrated with a virtual
home. The home gateway was used to overcome the
problem of insufficient network interoperability, identified
in existing home automation approaches and also it reduces
the inflexibility in the control modes of existing home
automation systems. The virtual home was used to prevent
any event that may pose a security or safety concern from
implementation in the home networks.

Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018 Page 4

 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018
Figure 4: ZigBee based HAS Overview
Another Smart Home Energy Management System
(SHEMS) based on an IEEE802.15.4 and ZigBee was
developed by [7]. The sensor node was classified into two
types: First Generic sensor and Second actuators. The
Generic sensor was used to detect the general physical
sensing measurements such as temperature, humidity and
light or check for the special events such as gas leaks,
window status and human movement detection. Actuators
was used to gather home environment information and
controlling various consumer home devices. The actuators
modules are Infra-Red module supports IR communication
that can control TV, DVD and air conditioners and the
relay modules can switch power on/off in electronic
devices and control a motor. In some cases, friends and
family may visit the home while the resident was absent.
The visitor activate the doorbell and the doorbell event was
generated in the active sensor network. Therefore the user
can communicate using a cellular phone, and visitors also
respond using a mike and speaker in the door. The
implementation of a smart security system based on
emerging wireless technology ZigBee and wide covered
technology GSM was described in reference [8]. The
system was used hardware Atmega128 MCU to program
various sensors like motion, light, vibration, smoke and
communication technology such as ZigBee and Sony
Ericson T290i GSM mobile phone. Each sensor and
actuators was connected with ZigBee sensor node. The
vibration sensor was used for detection of window
breaking, PIR for human motion detection and magnetic
contact sensor for sensing door opening. The GSM module
used to communicate with system and user. If any intrusion
occurred, then SMS or call sent by using GSM mobile
phone.
Another effective Low cost android based energy-efficient
home automation system has been implemented in
reference [9]. The system has used Arduino microcontroller
board, various sensors and actuators, and communication
technology like X10 and ZigBee. The sensor and actuators
was used to sense the information of the home appliances
and sent to the user by using XBee router via the Arduino.
The smart home system based on ZigBee and ARM has
been presented in reference [10]. The system has used
ARM9 S3C2440 microcontroller and Chipcon’s CC2430
micro-processors to program the various sensors such as
Gas, Temperature, Infrared and communication
Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018
ISSN 2278-6856
technologies such as ZigBee, GSM. the sensors were used
to monitor the real time value and when the values of any
sensor exceeds the preset threshold value, an alarm short
message was automatically sent to the user by the system.
The collected information of various sensors and
equipment’ timing was displayed on the local interface.
The users can also complete the setting of electrical timing
such as the time to open or close for the device, and the
setting of sensors such as sensor alarm threshold value and
the buzzer switch by using GSM module. The
ATMEGA128 hardware platform based home automation
system using ZigBee has been implemented in reference
[11]. The system control the refrigerator, fan, AC etc by
sending the command via computer. The system has used
ATMEGA microcontroller, various sensors or actuators and
ZigBee and XBee wireless network. The system has two
parts: Transmitter and Receiver. The command was
transmitted through ZigBee transmitter. The ZigBee
receiver receive the command and after it will send to
ATMEGA128 microcontroller respond according to the
command.
Furthermore, The HAS-ZP was a wireless home
automation system has been implemented in reference [12].
The system has used 8051 microcontroller and Panda
Board as a gateway, various sensors and wireless trans-
receiver. The Panda Board was used to handle and monitor
each appliance in the home, in
the other hand ZigBee was working as a coordinator which
transmits & receives commands from Panda Board to the
device & transmits it to the 8051 micro-controller. 8051
micro-controller processes the data, relatively commands
the appliances such as fan, ac, bulb, door etc. and transmits
the feedback data to the gateway. The system consists of
any smart phone or laptop which has the facility of internet
connectivity to access the appliances from anyplace. A
wireless irrigation system for home garden was developed
by [13]. The system consists of three modules: slave,
master and server modules. The slave node and master
station each of which was equipped with wireless or single
chip microcontroller. The slave node was equipped with a
temperature sensor, a soil-moister sensor, a water valve, a
microcontroller and a ZigBee ad-hoc network. In the
system, the two slaves was used, First monitors and
irrigates the garden trees through one valve while the other
monitors and irrigates the garden grass through another
valve and then it forwarded to the master station via a
ZigBee ad-hoc network. The master station has an
embedded fuzzy logic irrigation algorithm to water the
grass and trees based on a set of rules. A home web-server
was interfaced with the master station for remote access
monitoring and operation.
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 3 2 1 Sr. No.

Implementation of ZigBee-GSM based Design and Implementation of Smart Home Energy

A ZigBee-Based Home Automation System System
Home Security Monitoring and Remote Control system Management Systems based on ZigBee

Communication
ZigBee EM357, GSM IEEE 802.15.4 , ZigBee, RFID ZigBee, Wi-Fi
interface

Atmega128 MCU ZigBee controller Controller

-
Sony Ericsson T290i mobile
Mobile phone PC or Computer User interface
phone

Safety Sensor, Radiator Valve, the monitoring and

Vibration, Smoke detection, door contact sensor, PIR
Temperature, Humidity, CO2, PIR, Light, Gas, control of Applications
sensor

Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018

household devices
AUTOMATION SYSTEM
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018

low cost, low power consumption and flexible and scalable, reduce the system’s complexity
user friendly way of a reliable portable monitoring and Flexible and scalable and Benefits
TABLE 1: ZIGBEE BASED WIRELESS HOME

control of the secured environment lower fiscal costs

8 7 6 5 4

Home Automation System using Low cost Arduino/Android-based Energy-

ZigBee-Based Irrigation System for Home appliance controlling using ZigBee Smart Home System Based on ZigBee
ZigBee and Panda Board as a Gateway Efficient Home Automation System with
Home Gardens on ATMEGA128 hardware platform and ARM
(HAS-ZP) Smart Task Scheduling

ZigBee, Panda Board (Inbuilt Wi-Fi

ZigBee, XBee ZigBee TC35i GSM, ZigBee, SMS ZigBee, X10
& LAN port)
ARM9
Single chip Microcontroller Microcontroller(8051) ATMEGA128 S3C2440 Arduino

smart phone or laptop or tablet Computer Mobile phone Android app

Personal computer

Temperature, Soil, Moisture, Water

Light, Temperature, Sound Gas, Temperature, Infrared Temperature, Light
valve Smoke detector, Water leakage alarm
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com

low power cost-efficient, highly

International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Low data rate, low power consumption, low

consumption, size, afford ability and reliable and efficient system Low cost, simple to install flexible and scalable and can be expanded
cost, security and reliability
durability to large households
ISSN 2278-6856

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 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018 ISSN 2278-6856

5.2 GSM BASED HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM The design and implementation of home security system
based GSM cellular communication network was described
The design and implementation of low cost, low power in reference [18]. The system was used switch, monitoring
consumption and GSM/GPRS based home security system for any interrupt or intrusion. When any interrupt was
was described in reference [14]. The system contains a detected, then it send to the 8051 microcontroller. Then the
GSM/GPRS gateway and three wireless security sensor microcontroller send warning SMS message to the Android
nodes: door security nodes, infrared security nodes and fire phone via GSM network. If user replied immediately in
alarm nodes. The system has used two 8-bit PSoC given or defined time period, a reply SMS is sent back to
(Programmable System on Chip) to process the the remote modem and then the buzzer in the remote place
various sensors and should be triggered alarming about a possible intrusion as
shown in Figure 5 .
GSM/GPRS wireless technology. The system receives
information of sensor nodes and it send to the Another effective digital notice board and a home
microprocessor. If any node alarms, then it display alarm automation system using a GSM SIM900 module was
message on the LCD and sends SMS messages to user. The presented in reference [19]. The system has used 32-bit
low-power consumption remote home security alarm ARM based microcontroller LPC2148, GSM SIM900
system developed by applying WSN and GSM technology module, a motor, an LCD and an android application for
was presented in reference [15]. The system has used user interface with the hardware. The android application
C8051F310 MCU controller to program different sensors was used to monitor and control the home appliances like
such as Gas, Temperature, PIR, Pyroelectric infrared light, fan etc. and the status of the home appliances and
detector, smoke detector and SIMENS TC35 GSM network message can be displayed on the LCD. To control the home
and WSN (Wireless Sensor Network). The sensor node was appliances, the user can sent SMS to the Microcontroller
used to collect the information and send to the via GSM module from any location in the world. The home
microcontroller. If it can detect the theft, leaking of raw gas automation based GSM module using Raspberry Pi has
and fire then it send alarm short message remotely to the been implemented in reference [20]. The Home automation
user. system may contain Raspberry Pi controller to control
Another widely used microcontroller is 8-bit ATmega328 lightning in the house, HAVC( Heating, Ventilation and air
microcontroller board. The model described by [16] was an conditioning),Security locks of gates, doors etc. via SMS
GSM Based home security system primarily equipped with service using GSM communication network. The Smart
Gas detector, Smoke detector, PIR sensor and wireless Home Automation Security and Energy Efficient Wireless
technology GSM. The system was designed to detect System using GSM was developed by [21]. The system has
burglary, leaking of gas, smoke caused due to fire and after used PIC18F452 microcontroller to program the various
detecting suspicious activity it sends a alarm short message sensors like temperature sensor, motion sensor, etc and
to the user's cell phone. The whole process was controlled communication technology GSM . The system control the
by a android cell phone application. The analysis and light, fan etc Moreover, it also control the outside
implementation of the home automation technology using environment such as main door , garage door and irrigation.
Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) modem If the system detects a motion then send a signal to the
to control home appliances such as light, conditional microcontroller and microcontroller send a SMS message
system, and security system via Short Message Service to the user through GSM module to take a necessary action
(SMS) was presented in reference [17]. The collected like call the police station.
information of sensors was send to the PIC16F887 TABLE 2: GSM BASED HOME AUTOMATION
microcontroller and any suspicious activity was occurred, SYSTEM
then SMS was send to the user via GSM network. The S Use
Commu
users will be able to receive feedback status of any home r. r Appli
nication Control Benefi
appliances under control whether switched on or off N System inte cation
interfac ler ts
remotely from their mobile phones. o rfac s
e
. e
low
A Low
cost,
Cost
low
GSM/G
power
PRS PIR,
Mo consu
Based Temp
GSM/G 8-bit bile mptio
1 Wireles eratur
PRS PSoC pho n,
s e, Fire
ne
Home alarm
Securit
y
Figure 5: Overview of GSM based home security system
System

Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018 Page 7

 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018 ISSN 2278-6856

A light , as
Pyroel
Remote fan well
ectric
Home etc as
infrare
Securit ensure
d
y s
detect
System energ
SIMEN or, Low
Based Mo y
S TC35 C8051F tempe power
on bile consu
2 GSM, 310 rature consu
Wireles pho mptio
GPRS, MCU sensor mptio
s ne n
WSN , n
Sensor manag
smoke
Networ ement
detect
k and Using
or
GSM Raspbe windo
,Gas,
Techno rry Pi w smart,
PIR
logy and Mo sensor econo
low GSM Raspbe bile , mic
7 GSM
cost , Survey rry Pi pho motio and
Design
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and
friendl Home detect nt
Implem
y Autom ors
entatio
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n of a
ATmeg Gas, ce, Smart
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microc e size, Autom L
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ontrolle detect Very ation AT89S
home app Temp highly
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applian 8 SIM90 Smok e and
time, Efficie r, pho
ce 0 e, cost-
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system on ve
covera s microc
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4 Home 5.3 WI-FI BASED WIRELESS HOME
SMS 887 pho eratur reliabl
Autom AUTOMATION SYSTEM
ne e e
ation The smart home automation system using Wi-Fi low
System power devices was developed by [22]. The system has used
Androi Tag4M hardware device for security, temperature control
d Monit and smoke detector. The system has also used the
8051
Interfac oring user LabVIEWTM graphical programming environment, which
Microc
e based And the friendl used the NI LabVIEWTM Statechart Module for collecting
ontrolle
5 GSM GSM roid intrusi y, data from different sensors like Temperature, Humidity,
r
Home app on, highly Light, Smoke, Shock, Pressure etc. and it also reduces the
(P89V5
Securit interru robust energy power consumption. When unwanted event
1 RD2)
y pt occurred then specific action takes place. The design and
System implementation of Wi-Fi based home automation system
Monit cheap, home automation system has been presented in reference
GSM
oring quick, [23].The system has used Arduino Microcontroller to
based ARM
and reliabl program the different sensors like Temperature, Humidity,
Smart LPC21 Smoke, Light ant Motion etc. through Wi-Fi
GSM And contro e and
Home 48
6 SIM90 roid lling reduce communication network. The HAS system consists of three
and Microc
0 app home s main modules: the server, the hardware interface module,
Digital ontrolle
applia physic and the software package. Secure Wi-Fi technology was
Notice r
nce al used by server, and hardware interface module to
Board
like effort
Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018 Page 8
 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018
communicate with each other. User may used the same
technology to login to the server web based application.
Another smart control system based on the technologies of
IoT has been introduced by [24]. The system used a
ARM-based STM32F100C8T6B Microcontroller to set up
a radio frequency wireless sensor and actuator network
(WSAN). The
control modules, have been developed in the WSAN to
control
home appliances. Application servers, client computers,
tablets or smart phones can communicate with the
Microcontroller through a wireless router via a Wi-Fi
interface. The design and implementation of a smart home
system based on Wi-Fi network was described in reference
[25].The system consists home gateway and IoT devices
connected via Wi-Fi. Each IoT device can only
communicate with the gateway. Based on user preferences,
the information from one device can also trigger the
gateway to send a message to another device in order to
response with appropriate action. The Raspberry Pi Linux
computer board with Wi-Fi transceiver was used to
implement the home gateway. The user can access the
gateway via the mobile phone to get the list of events from
all devices and setup different response actions for different
devices.
Furthermost, IoT based Smart Home Design using Power
and Security Management using Ethernet based INTEL
GALILEO 2ND generation development board has been
implemented by [26]. The system was used various sensors
like temperature sensor and smoke sensor to check for fire
and PIR sensor for the unwanted event at their home and
also monitor and control the real time tracking and
switching of all electrical home appliances through an
android based mobile app. The smart home system has also
an option of controlling appliances by either sending voice
commands or by simple tap-to-touch system. An IoT home
security and automation system has been presented in
reference [27]. The system has used TI CC3200 Launchpad
board, and PIR motion detector sensor and Wi-Fi network.
If any intruder was occurred then the signal send to the
microcontroller. The user, who may or may not be present
in the home, will be receiving a voice call on mobile phone
stating that ’There is an Intruder in the Home’. To turn ON
the lights and alarm at home so that the intruder will be
warned. Moreover if the user finds that the home was not
safe then user can send an SMS to the concerned authority
in police department explaining the situation.
Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018
ISSN 2278-6856
Figure 6: Overview of the smart home security and automation
The different approach for Home Automation was a Room
Temperature Control and Fire Alarm/Suppression IoT
Service Using Message Queue Telemetry Transportation
(MQTT) on Amazon Web Service (AWS) has been
implemented in reference [28]. The system has used three
Arduino, Temperature sensor, Fire alarm flame sensor and
sprinkler. Arduino were equipped with Wi-Fi module to
communicate with MQTT broker. MQTT broker would be
installed on AWS. Android Smart phone application was
monitor and control the room temperature, get fire alarm
message on fire event, check sprinkler status, and active the
sprinkler when not in action on fire event. A Low Cost
Home Automation System
Using Wi-Fi Based Wireless Sensor Network has been
developed in reference [29]. The system has used Atmel
ATmega microcontroller was equipped with different
sensors (DHT11 Temperature and Humidity, HC-SR501
PIR motion sensor, Water level sensor, MQ2 LPG Gas
sensor, ACS-712 Current sensor, M009 Rain sensor,
Ultrasonic sensor, LM393 IR Flame sensor) used to capture
the readings of temperature, humidity, water level, gas
leakage and the flame sensing devices making it an
efficient system for security as well as for monitoring. The
Smart phone application has been used to monitor and
control multiple devices of the home. If the reading values
exceeds the defined threshold value then user can start the
alarm. Raspberry Pi based home automation system was
used to controlling the electrical appliances with remote or
a Smartphone and Android for live monitoring to get the
continuous updates of the home has been described in
reference [30].The system also developed the Bill
Calculation System from which one can compare it with the
actual one. The system has a few Sensors, Detectors which
was embedded with the Raspberry Pi. The user can monitor
and control the home electrical home appliances through
smart phone from any place in the world. If anyone enters
in the room motion detectors was send the signals to
raspberry Pi to turn on the lights or fans. If user wants how
much electricity consumption has been occurred, then user
can get the result of every minute Monitored with the graph
of electricity consumed versus time and what was the bill
and can take preventive measures.
Page 9
 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018 ISSN 2278-6856

TABLE 1: WI-FI BASED WIRELESS HOME provid

Securin
AUTOMATION SYSTEM ea
g IoT Mo
better High
S Comm Use for Raspber bile
4 Wi-Fi authent secur
r. unicati r Smart ry Pi pho
Controll Applic Bene ication ity
N System on inte Home ne
er ations fits proces
o interfa rfac System
s
. ce e IoT
HIH- based
5030 comf user
Smart
Humid ort, frien
Home Light,
ity, flexi dly
Design INTEL And Tempe
MP3H bility and
5 using Wi-Fi GALIL roid rature,
6115A , easy
Power EO app Smoke
Smart 6U elega to
and , PIR
Home Pressur nce, mana
Security
Automa e, Gas, secur ge.
PC Manage
tion TC104 ity, a ment
Tag4M or
System 6VNB relia IoT
1 Wi-Fi hardwar com
Using Tempe ble, Based
e device pute
Wi-Fi rature, low Smart
r TI- Sma low
Low LX179 cost Security PIR
Power 2 light and CC3200 rt cost
6 and sensor,
Devices sensor, low Wi-Fi Launchp pho syste
Home Light
SQ- powe ad board ne m
Automa
SEN- r tion
200 cons System
shock umin Room
sensor, g quali
Temper
Smoke ty of
ature
a low servi
Control Tempe
Design cost, And ce,
PC and Fire rature
and secur roid retai
or Tempe Alarm/S sensor,
Implem e, Sma ned
Co rature, 7 uppressi Wi-Fi Arduino fire
entation ubiq rt mess
mpu Humid on IoT alarm
of a Wi- Arduino uitou pho ages,
Wi-Fi, ter ity, Service flame
2 Fi Microco sly ne persi
LAN or Light, Using sensor
Based ntroller acces stent
Mo Smoke MQTT
Home sible, sessi
bile , on
Automa auto- on
pho Motion AWS
tion confi A Low DHT1
ne
System gura Cost 1
ble Home Tempe
lowe Automa rature
An IoT- com
ARM- r tion and
based pute
based energ System Humid
Applian r, a
STM32 Humid y Using ity
ce tabl And
F100C8 ity, costs Wi-Fi ESP82 sensor, Low
3 Control Wi-Fi et, Atmel roid
T6B Tempe and Based 66 Wi- HC- cost,
System Sma ATmega Sma
micro rature reduc 8 Wireles Fi SR501 cost-
for rt microco rt
controlle ing s Sensor modul PIR effec
Smart pho ntrollers pho
r emis Networ e motion tive
Homes ne ne
sions k sensor,
Incorpo Water
rating level
Internet sensor,
of MQ2
Things( LPG
IoT) Gas
Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018 Page 10
 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018 ISSN 2278-6856

sensor,
ACS-
712
Curren
t
sensor,
M009
Rain
sensor,
Ultraso
nic
sensor,
LM39
3 IR
Flame Figure 7: structure of home security application
sensor
Ease
of Another Smart Home System for Disabled People Via
Raspber Tempe Acce Wireless Bluetooth has been presented in reference [33].
ry Pi rature ss to The system has used PIC16F877A microcontroller
Based and handi equipped with various sensors like Temperature, Humidity
Home Humid capp etc. and communication wireless Bluetooth technology.
Automa ity ed The user can monitor and control the home appliances
Sma
tion sensor, peopl using controller via Bluetooth by triggering of relays
Raspber rt
9 Using Wi-Fi Light e, connected to the microcontroller. The input data of the
ry Pi pho
Wi-Fi, sensor, Good humidity and temperature sensors connected to the
ne
IOT & PIR and microcontroller which will be updated periodically on the
Android motion user user interface. Additionally to the system, the IP camera
for Live detecto frien was accessed via Wi-Fi to the Internet where user can
Monitor r dly control and monitor the condition of the home in real time.
ing sensor envir A low-cost Smart home system, which uses Android based
onme User Interface for control of home appliances has been
nt presented in reference [34].The system has used Arduino
Ethernet as main controller which consist Arduino Mega
5.4 BLUETOOTH BASED HOME AUTOMATION 2560 and Arduino Ethernet Shield with other hardware
SYSTEM such as the nRF24L01+ radio module, siren which was
used to communicate the other sensor nodes within the
The design and implementation of a low cost, flexible and home environment and the Bluetooth module The Android
secure cell phone based home automation system has been based smart home app was designed using the
described in reference [31]. The system has used Arduino Massachusetts Institute of Technology App Inventor that
BT board and the home appliances were equipped with this was provided by Google. For Bluetooth connection,
board via relays. The communication between the Cell selecting the device and entering a password was required
phone and the Arduino BT board was wireless. Password whereas for internet connectivity, the user has to enter the
protection was being used to only allow authorized users IP address and a password. If entered details was correct
from accessing the appliances at home. Exploiting then it grant the access and if the entered details was
Bluetooth on Android Mobile Devices for Home Security incorrect then appropriate messages were displayed on the
Application has been described in reference [32]. The user app. The system also supports voice activation for all
system has used Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller and a switching functionalities by using the Google Speech
BlueSmirf gold Bluetooth wireless technology as shown Recognizer. On the other hand, the sensor nodes deployed
in Figure7. The Arduino board was equipped with door and in the home environment monitor the status of the
window and their position was determined by using appliances and if there was a change in the status or
magnetic switch. In addition to using the Android device to fire/intrusion was detected, it sends the signal to the main
lock or unlock the door, a switch that used a physical key controller via the RF link. Once data was received, the
was installed in the door jamb along with status lights of status was updated by the micro-web server and if the data
the system. So the system can check the status of the door was that of fire or intrusion the siren was turned on and an
and window on the mobile phone. email notification will be sent to the user.

Furthermost, Bluetooth Based Sophisticated Home

Automation System Using Smartphone has been
Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018 Page 11
 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018 ISSN 2278-6856

implemented in reference [35]. The system has used Securi

Arduino UNO microcontroller and HC-05 Bluetooth ty
module has been used for wireless communication. The Appli
Arduino UNO microcontroller board was equipped with cation
LED lights (Switching & Regulation), D.C Motor and Smart safety
Servo Motor and these components was accessed & Home and
controlled by using smart phone. The system has a Syste comfo
password which was used while pairing the system to a Humi
m for rtable
phone via Ardudoid app. Ardudoid was a simple tool to PIC16F dity
Disabl Bluetoo Mobi for
control Arduino Uno microcontroller from Android phone 877A and
ed th le disabl
via the HC- 05 Bluetooth module. Various signals can be 3 microc Temp
Peopl modem phon ed
generated by microcontroller and the intensity of the LEDs, ontrolle eratur
e Via , Wi-Fi e and
Position of DC Servo motor and the speed of DC motor can r e
Wirel elderl
be controlled by Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) sensor
ess y
technique. A low cost and user friendly remote controlled Blueto peopl
home automation system using Bluetooth technology has oth e
been presented in reference [36]. The system consist of Andro
three main components: Smartphone, Arduino board and id
Bluetooth module. The system has used Arduino UNO Based
microcontroller which was equipped with Various sensors A
Smart Temp
such as Soil moisture sensor, HC-SR0 Ultrasonic sensor low-
Home eratur
and HC-05 Bluetooth module has been used for wireless cost
Syste Arduin e,
communication between Arduino board and smart phone. and
m o Andr Humi
The ultrasonic sensor was used for water level detection flexib
with Bluetoo Etherne oid dity,
and soil moisture sensor was used for automatic plant le
4 Contr th and t Smart Light,
irrigation system. In the system, The user has been control standa
ol via Internet microc phon Gas,
maximum 18 appliances and sensors and the status of these lone
Blueto ontrolle e PIR
appliances and sensors can be report on smart phone smart
oth r motio
application using Bluetooth technology. home
and n
TABLE 4: BLUETOOTH BASED HOME syste
Intern sensor
AUTOMATION SYSTEM m
et
S Conne
Commu
r. User Appli ctivity
Syste nication Control Benef
N interf cation A
m interfac ler its
o ace s Blueto
e
. oth
Blueto Based
oth low a
Sophi
based cost, reliabl
Bluegig sticate
Home flexib e,
a d
autom Arduin Cell le and Bluetoo Smart comp
WT11 Light Home Arduin
1 ation o BT phon wirele 5 th HC- phon Light act,
Bluetoo sensor Auto o UNO
Syste board e ss 05 e fast
th matio
m soluti and
module n
using on to low
Syste
Cell HAS cost
m
Phone Using
Exploi Smart
ting phone
Blueto Smart low
BlueSm Arduin Low Soil
oth on Home cost
irf o Andr cost, moist
Andro Auto and
gold Mega2 oid Magn Low ure
id matio user
2 Bluetoo 560 Smart etic power Smart sensor
Mobil n Bluetoo Arduin friend
th microc phon sensor consu 6 phon , HC-
e Syste th o Uno ly,
transcei ontrolle e mptio e SR0
Devic m suitab
ver r n Ultras
es Using le for
for onic
Blueto elderl
Home sensor
oth y and
Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018 Page 12
 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018
Techn
ology
5.5 VOICE OR SPEECH RECOGNITION BASED
HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM
Voice controlled home automation systems have drawn
considerable attention in the recent years. Initially, home
automation systems were designed for the people seeking
luxury and sophisticated home. But, there was always a
need to develop home automation system for the people
with special needs like the elderly and the disabled.
According to a report published by the World Health
Organization (WHO) around 785 million people of 15
years and older live with disability [37]. Of these, the
World Health Survey reports that 110 million people have
significant difficulties in functioning. Another report
published by the Population Division of United Nations
show that about 10% of the World’s population is older
than 60 years and it is estimated that this figure will reach
up to 21% by 2050 [38]. In order to assist the old people
and the people with disability home automation
technologies are adopting voice control or voice
recognition techniques. The main idea is to control and
monitor home appliances by using voice command. The
motivation behind this work is also the same.
Figure 8: Overview of the Voice recognition based HAS
The design and implementation of home automation system
where a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication),
internet and speech have been used in reference [39]. The
system has used PIC16F876, temperature sensor and
motion sensor and RF communication standard as shown in
Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018
ISSN 2278-6856
handi Figure 8. It can also monitor and control the real time home
cappe appliances through an mobile phone and Internet or Speech
d and Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) was used for speech
peopl recognition. To improve the security of home, a password
e, based door lock system was developed. If three repeated
reduc wrong attempts occur then the system sends SMS to the
e user through the default GSM number.
huma
n Another home automation approach based on voice
labor command using Android was implemented by [40].
and Initially, it had 3 main components: Arduino UNO
save controller, Bluetooth module and Smartphone for Android
energ user application. It can monitor and control the home
y electrical appliances through voice command using android
via smart phone. Bluetooth module in the Smartphone
transmits the command from android to the Arduino Uno to
process the home appliances. Another ZigBee based voice
controlled home automation system was presented in [41].
Automatic speech recognition (ASR) system can be used as
computer driven transcription of spoken language that
allows a computer to identify the spoken words captured
from a microphone and convert it into written texts and it
send to the specified application address via ZigBee
wireless communication protocol. The status of each device
was monitored by toggle circuit. LabView software has
been used to support human-computer interactions to
realize multiple functions. Intelligent Interface Based
Speech Recognition for Home Automation using Android
Application was described by [42].The system has used
microcontroller board to program various sensors like Light
sensor, Current sensor and communication technology like
General packet radio service (GPRS). By using the voice
commands, the home automation system allows controlling
of home appliances by recognizing speech and speech
recognition was done by Support Vector Machine (SVM).
The system was controlled and monitored from the remote
location using Android Smart Phone. The voice command
function to control any home electrical appliances using
Raspberry Pi has been presented in reference [43].The
system has three different way to control electrical devices :
automatic control system using a schedule, manual button
click on its web interface and, voice commands. Cloud-
based API and Wolfram Alpha was deployed to record
voice command which was converted it into text to be
processed by Raspberry Pi. Speech based home automation
uses voice command to monitor and control the electrical
appliances in the home has been introduced in reference
[44]. The system has used ARM11 Raspberry Pi
microcontroller board, PIR sensor and communication
technologies such as HC-05 Bluetooth , SIM 900
GSM/GPRS a shown in Figure 9. It was used two schemes
for home automation and control i.e. Bluetooth technology
and GSM/GPRS technology was used for controlling
electrical appliances. Google "Speech to text app" was
deployed to record voice command which was converted it
into text to be processed by Raspberry Pi. PIR sensor was
used to detect the human intrusion in the home and if any
intrusion occurred. the GSM modem alerts through SMS to
user.
Page 13
 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018 ISSN 2278-6856

d ation,
Suppo
rt to
elderl
y and
disabl
ed
people
at
home
access
ibility
Figure 9: structure of HAS using Raspberry Pi for
the
Another effective real time system using Gesture and Voice
deaf
recognition to Control the home automation system was
and
implemented in reference [45]. The system has used ARM
hard
Cortex-A8 processor and wireless connection technology
Zigbee of
ZigBee. With gesture and voice as input signals, the system
Based hearin
processes the control commands and transfers them into the
Voice g,
actuators via wireless connection Dynamic Time Wrapping low
Control Zigbee Xbee cost
(DTW) was use for voice recognition and to recognize Com cost
led RF and reduct
gesture by counting the number of fingers. 3 pute and
Wireles Module Arduin ion
r low
s s o throu
TABLE 2: VOICE OR SPEECH RECOGNITION power
Smart gh
BASED HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM
Home autom
System ation,
S
Commu cost
r. User Appli
nication Control Benefi reduct
N System inter cation
interfac ler ts ion
o face s
e throu
.
gh
Temp
autom
eratur
ation
A e and
GSM, Motio Low Intellig
Internet n cost, ent
and detect power Interfac
Low
e Based
Speech ion, ful cost,
Speech
Control Door and Reduc
Mob Recogn
led status, user es the
GSM, PIC16F ile ition Sma
1 Wireles Light friendl microc Light, wiring
SMS 876 phon for rt
s level y way 4 GPRS ontrolle Curre by
e Home phon
Interact ,Vide of r nt using
ive o real- Autom e
wirele
Home monit time ation
ss
Autom oring, monit using
netwo
ation Contr oring Androi
rks.
d
System olling
Applica
applia
nces tion
Voice User- Schedu Cloud
Control Contr friendl ler and - Low
of Sma olling y Voice web- based price
Sma
Recogn based API and
Home Bluetoo Arduin rt electri interfa Raspbe rt
2 5 ition on data & small
Applia th o Uno phon cal ce and rry Pi phon
nces e applia ease Home server Wolfr size
e
using nces of Autom am compu
Androi install ation Alpha ters
Control used

Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018 Page 14

 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018 ISSN 2278-6856

System for person occurred, SMS send to the user and it also triggers
record alarm in the home.
ing
voice Another door lock system using Handwriting Pattern
comm Recognition technology was described in reference [48].
and Arduino was the main controller and Wi-Fi as a
Acces communication technology. The system has two phases:
sibilit First, the user must input the username and password on a
y, smart phone and Second, the user must use a handwritten
Implem way, to write the text or pattern of previous settings on
PIR , Comf
entatio smart phones. Users entered a handwriting pattern on the
Contr ort,
n of phone , if pattern identity recognition was successfully
ol & Energ
Speech HC-05 confirmed, then the login will be able to command the
monit y
based Bluetoo electronic door open or closed. Access Control of Door and
ARM1 Sma oring efficie
Home th and Home Security using Raspberry Pi Through Internet has
1 rt of ncy,
6 Autom SIM been presented in reference [49]. The system has used
Raspbe phon applia Useful
ation 900 minicomputer Raspberry Pi was equipped with Wi-Fi
rry Pi e nces, for
System GSM/G dongle. PIR sensor was used to detection of human motion.
Securi elderl
using PRS If any thief tries to entered into the house PIR sensor will
ty y and
Bluetoo identify the human motion and it triggers the alarm. The
survei physic
th and wireless camera was used to capture an image of the visitor
llance ally
GSM or any thief and then after receiving the image Raspberry Pi
handic
apped sends a mail to user.
people
Gesture Contr
and olling
Pc
Voice applia very
ARM or
Control nces high
7 Zigbee Cortex- Com
of using accura
A8 pute
Internet gestur cy
r
of e&
Things voice
5.6 SMART DIGITAL DOOR LOCK FOR THE
HOME AUTOMATION
A smart digital door lock system for home automation has
been implemented in reference [46].The smart digital door
Figure 10: Structure of Door and Home Security
lock system can be divided into five parts: the control
system
module, the motor module, the sensor module, the
communication module and the I/O module. The control Another effective the design and implementation of a GSM
module was the brain of the system and the locking based digital door lock security system using PIC platform
operation is controlled by the motor module. The was described in reference [50].The system has used
communication between devices and the control module microcontroller PIC 16F877A, GSM module, 16x2 LCD
was done by communication module. The user can access display, Gear motor and buzzer .The system was used a 5-
to the door lock system through I/O modules such as RFID digit password to lock or unlock the door by using a gear
reader, dial pad. etc. The user or person was authenticated motor. Three repeated unsuccessful attempts in entering the
through password or RFID tag, the door lock was opened correct password results in sending a warning message, was
and the LCD displays the status of different home sent to preset mobile numbers, as a means of detecting
appliances. On detecting the emergency situation by sensor unauthorized intrusion. The digital door lock system have
node, the door lock sends the SMS to the user notifying been widely used in households and offices was described
about the situation and also triggers the alarm. The design in reference [51].The system has used Arduino
of remote monitoring intelligent system based on microcontroller, different sensors such as ultrasonic sensor,
fingerprint lock has been implemented in reference [47]. impact detection sensor, camera and Bluetooth as a
The system has used PIC18LF45 microcontroller, Tactile communication technology. The system has two main
sensor and communication technology such as PSTN and feature : First, impact detection sensor was used to detect
GSM. The module uses advanced fingerprint recognition an intruder who tries to invade by applying physical force
algorithm and a powerful ARM9 chip S3C2410. to the lock. Second , it has an image transfer function i.e.
Fingerprint recognition algorithm, as well as control attacker who does not know the password will make a
programs stored in the chip. The system was used variety of attempts. Therefore, if an attacker mistypes the
fingerprint to open door lock and if any unauthorized

Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018 Page 15

 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018 ISSN 2278-6856

password more than a given number of times, the system Fire require
obtains images of the intruder and send them to the mobile ment
device via Bluetooth. The design and development of a of any
home security system based on human face recognition infrast
technology and remotely monitoring technology to control ructure
door accessibility has been reported in reference [52]. The s
system has used two components: First wireless control effecti
units (WCU) and a second wireless information unit Remote ve,
(WIU). The system has used Raspberry Pi microcontroller Monito high
to processing the unit of WIU. Face detection and ring accura
recognition algorithms, as well as a wireless interface Intellig cy,
(WIU) are used to detect and identify visitors and send an ent Mob securit
email or an alert message about the home status via GSM GSM Tactil
System PIC18 ile y and
network automatically to the user's mobile phone and the 2 and e
Based LF45 pho ease of
user then sent mail to WIU for controlling action. If the PSTN sensor
on ne use to
existence system was satisfied safety and security then Fingerp meet
WIU forward the controlling command to WCU wirelessly rint the
to perform switching action. Door target
Lock require
ment
Home Sma
Safety rt Contr For
Handw pho olling elderly
riting Arduin ne the or
3 Wi-Fi
Pattern o or home disable
Recogn Tabl securi d
ition et ty people
System PC
Access
Control
of
Figure 11: Door Lock system overview Door
and
Furthermore, the design and implementation of an Home Com cost
Raspbe
interactive home security system using biometric with IoT 4 Securit Wi-Fi pute PIR effecti
rry Pi
Server has been presented in reference [53]. The system has y by r ve
use ARM11 Raspberry Pi microcontroller to program Raspbe
various sensors like Vibration sensor, Fire sensor, rry Pi
Temperature sensor Gas sensor and buzzer. Finger print Throug
sensor was used to recognize the authorized user. The h
sensors send the signal to the processor during harmful Internet
situations. When unauthorized persons try to open the door Stable
then buzzer will ring and sent a message to the user. &
TABLE 3: SMART DIGITAL DOOR LOCK FOR Emer
THE HOME AUTOMATION ging
produ
S Comm GSM ct in
r. unicati User Appli Based field High
Control Benefi
N System on inter cation Digital Mob of securit
ler ts PIC
o interfac face s Door ile securi y and
. e 5 GSM 16F877
Lock pho ty cost
Smart Temp Cheap, A
Microc Securit ne syste effecti
Digital eratur Flexibl y ms for ve
ontrolle
Door Mob e, e, System both
ZigBee r
Lock ile Gas Easily reside
1 , RFID, (Door
for the pho leakag install ntial
SMS Lock
Home ne e, ed and
controll
Autom Burgl withou comm
er)
ation ary, t ercial
Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018 Page 16
 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018 ISSN 2278-6856

Securit camera then it report to the cloud and notify to the user via
y and SMS. When user confirms it was a real intrusion, Stealthily
Usabili alert neighbours, who are also using our home automation
ty system, using SMS, email or by playing low sound alarms
Improv Ultras in their home or inform the local police station. The system
ement onic, Enhan developed a Home Automation system that employs the
on a Impac cing integration of multi-touch mobile devices, cloud
HC-06 Mob
Digital t the networking, wireless communication, and power-line
6 Blueto ile
Door detect securit communication to provide the user with remote control of
oth Arduin app
Lock ion, y various lights and appliances within their home has been
o
System Came system presented in reference [55].The system was used a
based ra consolidation of a mobile phone application, handheld
on wireless remote, and PC based program to provide a means
Internet of user interface to the consumer. The home gateway
of controller interfaces Pachube cloud with in-home
Things equipment. The Arduino controller was used for the main
Web- communication between several components, i.e. internet
Based connection, wireless and power line communication. The
Online system allows the user to control appliances and lights in
Sma their home from an iPad and PC from anywhere in the
Embed
rt Contr low world through an internet connection.
ded
pho olling cost,
Door
ne , and robust Another design and implementation of a home security
Access
ARM1 PC monit and system to detect an intruder at home when nobody was
Control
GSM/ 176JZF or oring easily present has been described in reference [56]. The system
and
7 GPRS, -S Pc the operab has used ARM7 LPC2148 Microcontroller to program the
Home
Zigbee Raspbe or enviro le various sensors such as Pyroelectric Infrared (PIR) module
Securit
rry Pi PC nment system and a Infrared (IR) sensor, GSM modem, LCD, Buzzer.
y
or condit , easy The commands and messages was displayed on the LCD.
System
com ion of to Presence of intrusion was detected when the system senses
Based
pute home install the signal generated by many sensors. The system sends a
on
r message to the user through GSM modem after detecting
Face
Recogn the presence of unauthorized person. if the intrusion was
ition real then user sends the reply SMS as which will ON the
Design buzzer in home or inform to the neighbour or police station.
and Vibrat A cloud based low cost home automation system has been
Implem ion cost implemented in reference [57] using the Digilent chip KIT
entatio sensor effecti Uno32 and Arduino Uno. The system has Arduino UNO
n of , Fire ve, R3 was based on an Atmel ATMega328 microcontroller
PC and various sensors such as LMT84LP Temperature,
Door sensor provid
ARM1 or Proximity/motion sensor, HC-SR04 Ultrasonic range
Access IoT , es
8 1 Com sensor etc. and these sensors was connected to the chip KIT
Control server Temp high
Raspbe pute Uno32 are communicating values to the cloud and the
and eratur securit
rry Pi r readings were published to the Exposited server for remote
Securit e y with
y sensor less monitoring. The collected data of the sensor node was sent
System , Gas cost to the cloud. The cloud has control switches to turn off/on
Based sensor the appliances at home, to open/close the garage door etc.
on IoT
5.7 CLOUD BASED HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM TABLE 4: CLOUD BASED HOME AUTOMATION
The design and implementation of a cloud connected adhoc SYSTEM
wireless home automation system with en suite intrusion
detection and burglary prevention stratagems has been S
Commu
presented in reference [54]. Cloud refers to the online r. User
Syste nication Contro Applica Benef
services provided over the Internet together with the N interf
m interfac ller tions its
hardware and software resources of the servers that offer o ace
e
those services. The home appliances was equipped with .
microcontroller board through relays. A SMS modem Clou Cloud Microc mobi Motion
Low
connected to the cloud server was used to notify the users, 1 d server, ontroll le detectio
cost
in case of intrusion events. If any intrusion detected by Contr SMS er devic n

Volume 7, Issue 2, March – April 2018 Page 17

 International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 7, Issue 2, March - April 2018 ISSN 2278-6856

olled modem e sensor, g and iver SR04

Intrus HTC controls Auto Module Ultraso
ion HD7 and matio nic
Detec monitor n range
tion s the Syste sensor
and security m
Burgl surveill
ary ance
Preve system 6. CONCLUSION
ntion via the In this paper different home automation systems surveyed
Strata cloud and their Features, Challenges and Security aspects are
gems services discussed. Bluetooth based home automation system is a
in flexible and low cost, such system can only work in the
Hom short range of Bluetooth wireless network. Voice
e recognition based system are most suitable for elderly and
Auto handicapped people, they can control the appliances by just
matio saying the name of appliances. Such systems are noise
n sensitive and their accuracy can be affected by signal to
Syste noise ratio (SNR). Another automation system used ZigBee
ms RF modules for the implementation of wireless network,
Hom the user inside this wireless network user has full remote controlled
e can access of home appliances. A GSM based home automation
Auto control system is also studied, according to this system user can
iOS control and monitor the home appliances by sending a text
matio various
Arduin Mobi message from the mobile phone. Internet of things based
n Zigbee applian
o le home automation system can only work in the presence of
using wireless ces and
Ethern Appl Low internet. The rapid growth of IoT devices brings concerns
Clou , lights
et icatio power and benefits.
2 d Pachub within
microc n and consu
Netw e Cloud their
ontroll PC mptio ACKNOWLEDGMENT
ork Networ home
er Appl n, low We are thankful to The Head, Department of Computer
and k from
icatio cost Science and Information Technology for providing
Mobi any
n facilities and support for this research. We are also thankful
le location
Devi in the to Dr. S. C. Mehrotra for his guidance and help.
ces world
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