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IS : 813 - 1988

Indian Standard
SCHEMEOFSYMBOLSFORWELDING
( First Revision 1

UDC 621.791-052 : 00362

@ Copyright 1988

BUR’EAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

Gr IO December 1988
 IS 8 813 - 1986

Indian Standard
SCHEME OF SYMBOLS FOR WELDING
( First Revision )
Welding General Sectional Committee, SMDC 14

Chnirmon Represmting
SARI D. S. Ho~avan D&HSechercn Electrodes Pvt Ltd, Ipdcre
Mamhcrr
Sang S. R. J~xn (AItem& to
Shri D. S. Honavar )
Sani R. S. Aooaawa~ Asociation of Indian En ineering Industry, New Delhi
SHBIJ. K. A~LUWALIA Stewarcs & Lloyds of In d8.,a Ltd, Calcutta
SXRI T. K. Base (Al&m& )
S~sr H. N. Aaura Directorate General of Employment and Training, New Delhi
DB S. Bn~asn~~axalr~arr Peico Electronics and Electricals Ltd, Bombay
Da S. Baavcac~aawa ( Altam& )
SLCRIK. Balaaamxun Hindustan’Shipyard Ltd, Visakhapatnam
SHBI R. V. Kale ( A&ma)
SHKI R. Balrsn~~~ Indian Oxygen Ltd. Calcutta
SHRI S. K. Das ( Af~sr~ts )
SHRI S. C. Banwar. National Test House, Calcutta
SEP.I K. L. Banox (A&mat6 )
Sanr S. K. Bnaaralr M. N. Diutur &Co Pvt Ltd, Calcutta
San, B. B. Gaos~ ( AItarnols )
SHBI R. S. CHOUDHUBY Stee~‘$mity of India Ltd ( Bckaro Steel Plant ), Bckarc Steel
DEPUTY Drnzc~on ( C~sslroa~ ) RDSO, MinGi;; of Railways
,.noarm.a
-__-._..
PRODUCTION E~ouzees, INTEQEAr, COACH
FACTORY, Mamas ( AItarmts )
SHRI’S. C. DRY Central Boilers Board, New Delhi
SHRI C. R. Gaosa Mukand Iron & Steel Works Ltd, Bombay
Sanr D. B. MOHARIL ( AItrrnatc )
San, I. P. K*Peon Department of Atomic Energy, Bombay
Sanr L. M. Tourn ( Altmota)
De S. Pnaw~tia KUXAR Larsen & Toubro Lfd, Bombay
Smr J. K. NAND* ( Altmcta )
SHIV S. MAJUXDAR Directorate General of Technical Development, New Delhi
SEXI S. K. Baaru ( Attcrnnta )
SHBI R. S. Mnr,~xs Gao Authority of India Ltd, New Delhi
Sana N. Movaomwa~ Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch, Ministry of Defence
SHRI H. S. Doooa ( Altemda )
Sara J. D. P1\wa Dalmia Institute of Scientific & Industrial Research, Rajgangpur
%%I R*JINDIU Nary (Alternate I )
SEW S. L. V. R~~oarr ( Alfcrnota II 1
Sanr K. M. Pai: Walchandnagar Industries, Walchandnagar
SEEI G. D. APTE ( AItarnntc )
SEEI J. R. Psasasn Engineers India Ltd, New’,Delhi
SHEI N. RADH~ERISHNAN Binny Ltd, Madras
SH~I B. R*aramaxu Indian Hume Pipes-Co Ltd, Pune
SHRI S. M. Ka~a~l ( Aflcrnotc )
Dn V. Rnxaswamu Steel Authority of India Ltd ( Research and Development Centre
for Iron and Steel ), Ranchi
De S. K. C~OUDHUBY ( Attmotc )
SHRI P. H. Mmaava REDDY Bharat Heavy Plate and Vessels Ltd, Visakhapatnam
Sanr M. G. Nanavaxa Rae ( AIt.wnnlc 1
R~P~ES~~~TIVE Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd, Hyderabad
SHBI Raaesn Kuxan ( Attcmats I )
SEW V. S~eexm~ana~asa ( Attarnnta II )
REPRESENTATIVE Jessop &Co Ltd, Calcutta
SHBI N. K. ROY Projects & Development India Ltd. Dhanbad
SHBI P. K. Ron (Altarnote )
SERI S. K. Rou Ministry of Deface ( DGI )

0 Copyrtgkt 1988
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS I
This publication is protected under thezadian Cofijrtgkt Act ( XIV of 1957 ) and production in whole or in part by
any means except with written permission of the publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright
under the said Act. I
‘IS :.313 : 1986

( Continued from pug6 1 )

Mambcrs
Ssn, B. K. SIN~H Tata Engineering and Locomotive Co Ltd, Jamshedpur
Saw A. V. MULEY ( Altmntb I )
SHBI P. S. JOBHII ( Alwnnts II )
Smu v. K. SnIDaan Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals, New Delhi
SBRI R. C. Saanxa ( A&emote)
Smr H. K. TANEJI Indian Register of Shipping, Calcutta
Sam s. Cliamna ( Altnmta )
SEW J. R. UP~D~Y~Y Apar Pvt Lfd, Bombay
Sanr B. S. P,,TEL ( Alfcrnorc )
SHRI N. Vmval*a~~nli National Hydroelectric Power Corporation Ltd, New Delhi
.%mI P. s. VrsvaNaTH Advani Oerlikon Ltd. Bombay
SEW K. RMH~vE~~~?AN, Director General, BIS ( Ex-o@zio Mmbn)
Director ( Strut & Met)

Joint Director ( Strut & Met ), BIS

Representation and Terminology for Welding and Cutting of Metals Subcommittee, SMLX 14 : 8

ConDdnn
SERIJr R. Paasa~n Engineers India ttd, New Delhi
Mtmbrrr
Dn P. C. GVPTA University of Roorkee, Roorkee
SHBI R. M. Jaw Special Machines, Karnal
DR S. Paasaah-a Koulan Larsen 8 Toubro Ltd, Bombay
Dn R. S. Pan~anrr Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi
RBPEESENT.4TIVE Directorate General of Employment and Training, New Delhi
REPRESENT.%TlVX Kirloskar Electric Co Ltd, Bangalore
REPRESENT*TIPE Welding Research Institute. Tiruchirapalli
 IS I 813 r 1986

Indian Standard
SCHEME OF SYMBOLS FOR WELDING
/ First Revision )
0. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard ( First Revision ) was welding procedure sheets giving details of the
adopted by the Indian Standards Institution on tools, materials, processes and other requirements
24 January 1986, afrer the draft finalized by the for welding.
Welding General Sectional Committee had been
approved by the Structural and Metals Division 0.3 This standard was first published in 1956.
Council. Amended version of the standard was issued in
1961. It is now being revised to bring it in line
0.2 Welding cannot take its proper place as an with other international standards published on
engineering tool unless suitable means are provi- the subject.
ded for conveying the information required for
welding from the designers to the operators. 0.4 This standard keeps in view the practices
The symbols described m this standard provide being followed in the country in this field.
the means of placing on drawings the information Assistance has also been derived froni the follow-
concerning type, size, position, etc, of the welds ing standards issued by the International Organi-
in welded joints. With a view to avoid confusion zation for Standardization ( IS0 ):
and misunderstanding, it is very essential that IS0 2553-1984 Welds-Symbolic representa-
only standard symbols are used by all designers tion on drawings
and fabricators. However, all information requi-
red for welding is not conveyed by the symbols IS0 4063-1978 Welding, brazing, braze
alone. It is, therefore, often necessary, even welding and soldering of
when the standard symbols have been used! to metals -List of processes, for
indicate on the drawings, ret&~xxe to standard symbolic representation on
specifications for welding procedures and/or drawings

1. SCOPE 3.2 The symbolic representation shall give

1.1 This standard prescribes the rules to be
applied for symbolic representation of welds on
drawings giving information concerning type,
size, position, welding process, etc, for welds in
welded joints.
1.1.1 The scheme does not include the use of
thickened lines, hatchihg and such other means
for indicating the welds therm&es on the
drawings, as it is considered that users will be in
the best position, to judge whether such additions
are desirable to meet their particular needs.
2. TERMINOLOGY
2.1 For the purposes of this standard, the defini-
tions given in IS : 812-1957* shall apply.
3. GENERAL
3.1 Welds may be indicated in accordance with
the general recommendations for technical
drawings. However, for the purpose of simplifi-
cation, it is advisable to adopt, for usual welds,
the symbolic representation described in this
standard.
3
clearly all necessary indications regarding the
specific weld to be obtained, without over-
burdening the drawing with notes or showing an
additional view.
3.3 This symbolic representation includes an
elementary symbol which may be completed by:
a) a supplementary symbol,
b) a means of showing dimensions, or
c) some complementary indication ( particu-
larly for workshop drawings ).
3.4 In order to simplify the draw&s as much as
possible, it is recommended that references be
made to specific instructions or particular specifi-
cations giving all details of the preparation of
edges to be welded and/or the welding procedu-
res, rather than showing these indications on the
drawings of the welded parts.
If there are no such instructions, the dimen-
sions relating ~to the ,prepar+jon. of the, edges to
be welded and/or’the welding procedures-can be
close. to the symbol.
ISr813-1986

4. SYMBOLS NOTE 2 -Type of lines and line thicknesses should

be in accordancewith IS : 10714.1983’.
4.1 Elementary Symbols 5.1.2 The location of welds, therefore, is defi-
ned on the drawings by specifying:
4.1.1 The various categories of welds are
characterized by a symbol which, in general, is a) powion of the arrow line,~
similar to the shape of the weld to be made. b) position of the reference line, and
4.1.2 The symbol shall not be taken to pre- C) the position of the symbol.
judge the process to be employed. The elemen-
tary symbols are shown in Table 1. 5.2 Relation Between Arrow .Line and the
Joint - The examples given in Figures 2 and 3
4.2 Combination of Elementary Symbols - explain the meaning of the terms:
When required, a combination of elementary a) ‘arrow side’ of the joint, Andy
symbols may be used.
b) ‘other side’ of the joint.
4;3 Supplementary Symbols
5.3 Position of Arrow Line - The position of
4.3.1 Elementary symbols may be completed the arrow line with respect to the weld is gene-
by another symbol ( supplementary ) characteri- rally of no special significance [ seeFig. 4(a) and
zing the shape of the external surface of the 4(b) 1. However, in the case of welds of types4,
weld. 6 and 8 ( seeTable 1 ), the arrow line shall point
towards the plate which is prepared [see Fig.
The recommended supplementary symbols 4(c) and 4(d) 1.
are given in Table 2.
The arrow line joins one end of the continu-
NOTE - The absence of a supplementary svmbol ous reference line such that it forms an angle with
means that the type of the weld surface does not need
to be indicated precisely. it and shall be completed by an arrow head. In
certain cases, the arrow head may be omitted or
4.3.2 Examples of combination of elementary replaced by a dot.
and supplementary symbols are given in Table 3.
5.4 Position of Reference Line -The refe-
NOTE - Although it is not forbidden to nssociate rence line shall be a straight line preferably
o&r symbols, it is better 10 represeqt the weld on a
sey;; sketch when symbohzarm becomes too drawn parallel to the bottom edge of the
I . drawing.

4.4 Typical examples of the use of elementary
symbols, combination of elementary symbols and
combinatioti of elementary and supplementary
symbols are given in Tables 5, 6 and 7
respectively of Appendix A. Typical examples
for symbols for certain exceptional cases are given
in Table 8 of Appendix A.
5. POSITION OF SYMBOLS ON
DRAWINGS
5.1 General
5.1~1 Symbols covered in this standard form
only a part of the complete method of represen-
tation ( Fig. .1 ) which comprises in addition,
the following:
a) an arrow line(l) for each joint ( set Fig. 2
and 3 );
b) a dual reference line, consisting of two
parallel lines, one continuous and one
dashed (2) ( exception, seeNote 1 ); and
C) a certain number of dimensions and con-
ventional signs.
Nom I - Dashed line cm be drawn either above
or beneath rhe continuous line ( se6 5.5 and Appen-
dixA ).
5.5 Position of Symbol with Regard to the
Reference Line - The symbol shall be placed
either above or beneath the reference line, in
accordance with the following:
=) The symbol is placed on the continuous
line side of the reference line if the weld
( weld face ) is on the arrow side of the
joint [ ( see Fig. 5(a) 1.
b) The symbol is placed on the dashed line
side if the weld ( weld face ) is on the
other side of the joint [ seeFig. 5(b) 1.
6. DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
6.1 General
6.1.1 Each weld symbol may be accompanied
by a certain number of dimensions, written as
follows, in accordance with Fig. 6:
a) The main dimensions relative to the cross-
section are wrItten on the left-hand side
( that means before ) of the symbol.
b) Longitudinal dimensions are written on the
right-hand side ( that means after ) of the
symbol.
‘General principles of presentation on technical
drawings.

4
 IS t 813 - 1986
TABLE 1 ELEMENTARY SYMBOLS

1 Butt weld between plates with raised edges*,

( the.raised edges being melted down completely ) JL

2 Square butt weld

II
-

-
3 Single-V butt weld
V
4 Single-bevel butt weld
V
-
5 Single-V but: weld with broad root face
Y
-

6 Single-bevel butt weld with broaa root face

v
- -

7 Single-U butt weld ( parallel or sloping sides) *

WY
- --

a Single-J butt weld

P

9 Backing run; back or backing weld W

-

10 Fillet weld
cl

*Butt welds between plates with raised edges ( symbol 1 ) not completely penetrated are symbolized as square butt
velds ( symbol 2 ) with the weld thicknes, r, as shown in Table 4.
(‘Confinusd )

5
IS : 813 - 1966

TABLE 1 ELEMENTARY SYMBOLS - Contd

II Plug weld; plug or slot weld/USA/ m

12 Spot weld 0

13 Seam weld

6.1.2 The method of indicating the main

TABLE 2 SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS dimensions is defined in Table 4. The rules for
setting down these dimensions are also given
( c+lsc 4.3.1 ) in this table.
Other dimensions of less importance may be
I SHAPEOBWELDSURFACE SY;uBOL indicated if necessary.
6.2 Dimensions - The dimension that locates
the weld in relation to the edge of the sheet shall
~, v not appear ,in .&he symbolization but on the
drawing.
b) Cow& - 6.2.1 The absence of any indication following
the symbol signifies that the weld is to be conti-
nuous over the whole length of the workpiece.
c)Concave 6.2.2 In the absence of any indication to the
contrary, butt welds shall have complete pene;
tration.

6
 IS I 813 I 1986

TABLE 3 EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION OF SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS

( Chsc 4.3.2 )

Flat ( flush ) single-V butt weld

Convex double-V butt weld,

Concave’fillet weld

1 2a 3

2a = reference line (continuous ,,ne,

2b = ldentlflcatlon line (dashed ,,ne)
3 = welding symbol

Fm. 1 METHOD OP REPRB~ENTAT~ON

(al Weld 0” the arm,-, side (b) Weld on the other side
Fro. 2 T-JOINT WITH ONE FU.LET WELD
 “Other side “Arrow side
of joint K’ of joint I?’

b)
“Arrow side “Other side
of joint A” of joint 8”
NOTE - The position of the arrow in these sketcha is chosen for purposes of clarity. Normally, it would be
placed immcdiarely adjacent to thejoint.
PO. 3 CRUCIPORM JOZNT WITH Two FILLET WELDS

----

E!El

Cl dl
NOTE - In the case of spot welds made by projection welding, the projection surface is to be considered as the
eXterm.1 surface of the weld.
Fro. 4 POSITION OP THE &aow J+w

8
 IS t 813 - 1986

7. COMPLEMENTARY INDICATIONS
7.0 Complimentary indications may be necessary
in order to specify some other characteristics of
welds as given in 7.1,7.2 and 7.3.
7.1 Peripheral Welds-When the weld is to
be all around a part, the symbol is a circle, as
shown in Fig. 8.
7.2 Field or Site Welds - A flag is to be used
FIG. 6 EXAMPLESOP THB PRIHCIPLE to indicate the field or site .weld, as shown in
Fig. 9.
6.2.3 For the fillet welds, there are two 7.3 Indication of Welding Process - If
methods to indicate dimensions ( see Fig. 7 ). required, the welding process may be symbolized
Therefore, the letters a or z shall always be by a number written between the two branches
placed in front of the value of the corresponding of a fork, at the end of the reference line remote
dimension. from the reference line, as shown in Fig. IO.

6.2.4 Iit the case of plug or slot welds with 7.3.1 Numerical index numbers identifying
bevelled edges, it is the dimension at the bottom each process of welding, brazing, braze welding
of the hole which shall be taken into con- and soldering to be used for symbolic representation
sideration. of welds on drawing are given in Appendix B.

9
 TABLE 4 MAIN DIMENSIONS
(Ckuse 6.1.2 )

Llerignation
TABLE 4 MAIN DIMENSIONS - Conld
IS : 813 - 1986

z=a\IZ
FIG. 7 METHODS OR INDICATING D~~elvsro~s POR FILLET WELDS

D-
DIfil
Fw. 9 INDICATION OF FIELD OR SITE WZXD

/-“’
FIG, 8 INDDATIOK OP PERIPHERAL WELD, FIG. 10 INDICATION OP WECDIN~ PROCESS

APPENDIX A
( Clauses4.4 and 5.1.1 )
EXAMPLES OF USE OF SYMBOLS

A-l. Typical examples of use of the elementary figures given in this Appendix, the relative position of
and supplementary symbols are given in Tables views are those provided by the first angle projection
5 to 8. The representations shown are given method. It should be understood, however, that third
angle method could equally have been used without
simply for explanation and are not obligatory; prejudice to the principle established but as Q basic
requirement, use of first angle projection is to be
Nom - For the sake of mtiformity amoog the followed,

12
TABLE 5 EXAMPLES OF USE OF ELEMENTARY SYMBOLS
 TABLE 5 EXAMPLES OF USE OF ELEMENTARY SYMBOLS - Con:d

l-

))))))))))I))
--__-
a

-A-- AL- I
----__
El _----_
mE3,!---_-_

_.-

)))))mm

-..--_..-

-- ._-._-

---w__

8
 TABLE 5 EXAMPLES OF USE OF ELEMENTARY SYMBOLS - Conld
-
81
"0

either
-

10

----- RR
El
N)1)M)N1Ml
a---- HA

)mmlm))~)
0----
-
TABLE 5 EXAMPLES OF USE OF ELEMENTARY SYMBOLS --%ontd
 \ >-7

TABLE 5 EXAMPLES OF USE OF ELEMENTARY SYMBOLS - Cmfd

 -
TABLE 5 EXAMPLES OF USE OF ELEMENTARY SYMBOLS - Conld

S”tdOllZJtiO”
TABLE 5 EXAMPLES OF USE OF ELEMENTARY SYMBOLS - Contd

-___--___

-----__
TABLE 6 EXAMPLES OF COMBINATIONS OF ELEMENTARY SYMBOLS
TABLE 6 EXAMPLES OF COMBINATIONS OF ELEMENTARY SYMBOLS - Ccmtd

-----_

__ _ _ _ - --
TABLE 6 EXAMPLES OF COMBINATIONS OF ELEMENTARY SYMBOLS - Conld
 _ I_

TABLE 7 EXAMPLES OF COMRINATIONS OF ELEMENTARY AND SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS

( +mse 4.4, and AppendixA )
TABLE 7 EXAMPLES OF COMBINATIONS OP ELEMENTARY AND SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS - Contd
TABLE 8 EXAMPLES OF EXCEPTIONAL CASES
TABLE 8 EXAMPLES OF EXCEPTIONAL CASES - Cmld
 IS : ,813I 1986

APPENDIX B
( Clause 7.3. I )
B-l. The various processes and the correspon- 312 Oxy-propane welding
ding index numbers for welding, brazing, braze 313 Oxy-hydrogen welding
welding and soldering of metals, for the purpose 32 Air-fuel gas welding
of symbolic representation of welds on drawings
are as given below: 321 Air-acetylene welding
322 Air-propane welding
1 ARC WELDING
11 Metal--arc welding without gas protec- 4 SOLID PHASE WELDING: PRES-
tion SURE WELDING
111 Metal-arc welding with covered &c-
trade 41 Ultrasonic welding .,
112 Gravity-arc welding with covered &c- 42 Friction welding
trodc 43 Forge welding
113 Bare wire metal-arc welding 44 Welding by high mechanical energy
114 Flux cored metal-arc welding 441 Explosive welding
115 Coated wire metal-arc welding 45 Diffusion welding
118 Firecracker welding 47 Gas pressure welding
12 Submerged-arc welding 48 Cold welding
121 Submerged-arc welding with wire elec-
trode i OTHER WELDING PROCESSES
122 Submerged-arc welding with strip elc*
trode 71 Thermit welding
13 Gas-shielded metal-arc welding 72 Electroslag welding
131 MIG welding 721 Electroslag welding with non-consumable
i35 MAG welding: metal-arc welding with no7.zIe
non-inert gas shield 722 Electroslag welding with consumable
136 Flux cored metal-arc welding with non- *022k
inert gas shield 73 Electroslag welding
14 Gas-shielded welding with non-CO*SUUI- 74 Induction welding
able electrode
75 Light radiation welding
141 TIG welding
751 Laser welding
,149 Atomic-hydrogen welding Arc image welding
752
15 Plasma-arc welding
753 Infra-red welding
18 Other arc welding processes
76 Electron beam welding
181 Carbon-arc welding
77 Percussion welding
185 Rotating-arc welding
78 Stud welding
2 RESISTANCE WELDING 781 Arc stud welding
21 Spot welding 782 Resistance stud welding
22 Seam welding
221 Lap seam welding 9 BRAZING, SOLDERING AND
BRAZE WELDING
225 Seam welding with strip
23 Projection welding 91 Brazing
24 Flash weldiig 911 Infra-red brazing
25 Resistance butt welding 912 Flame brazing
29 Other resistance welding processes 913 Furnace brazing
291 HF resistance welding 914 Dip brazing
3 GAS WELDING 915 Salt bathe brazing
31 Oxy-fuel gas welding 916 Induction brazing
311 Oxyacetylene welding 917 Ultrasonic brazing

27
IS : 813 - 1986

918 Resistance brazing 947 Ultrasonic soldering ,

919 Diffusion brazing 948 Resistance soldering
923 Friction brazing 949 Diffusion soldering
924 Vacuum brazing 951 Flow soldering
93 Other brazing processes 952 Soldering with soldering iron
94 Soldering 953 Friction soldering
941 Infra.red soldering 954 Vacuum soldering
942 Flame soldering 96 Other soldering processes
943 Furnace soldering 97 Braze welding
944 Dip soldering 971 Gas braze welding
945 Salt bathe soldering 972 ‘Arc braze welding
946 Induction soldering

28