Fundación Universitaria Los Libertadores

Faculty of Engineering
GRUPO 1
Assignment: Statistic & Probability Semester: 2018.1
Profesor: Teacher: Adrian Alberto Santana Alfonso

Weekly Homework 1

Name: William David Avila Vargas / Erney Fernando Garzon Poveda Date: 10 March 2018

1. Professor Isaac Asimov was one of the most proliftc writers of all time. Prior to
his death, he wrote nearly 500 books during a 40-year career. In fact, as his career
progressed, he became even more productive in terms of the number of books written
within a given period of time. The data give the time in months required to write
his books in increments of 100:

Tabela 1: Data 1
Number of Books, x 100 200 300 400 490
Time in Months, y 237 350 419 465 507

(a) Assume that the number of books x and the time in months y are linearly related. Find the
least-squares line relating y to x.
(b) Plot the time as a function of the number of books written using a scatterplot, and graph
the leastsquares line on the same paper. Does it seem to provide a good fit to the data
points?
(c) Construct the ANOVA table for the linear regression.
2. Using a chemical procedure called differential pulse polarography, a chemist measured
the peak current generated (in microamperes) when a solution containing a given
amount of nickel (in parts per billion) is added to a buffer:

Tabela 2: Data 2
x Ni (ppb) y Peak Current (mA)
19.1 0.095
38.2 0.174
57.3 0.256
76.2 0.348
95 0.429
114 0.5
131 0.58
150 0.651
170 0.722

(a) Use the data entry method for your calculator to calculate the preliminary sums of squares
and crossproducts, Sxx, Syy, and Sxy.
(b) Calculate the least-squares regression line.
(c) Plot the points and the fitted line. Does the assumption of a linear relationship appear to
be reasonable?
(d) Use the regression line to predict the peak current generated when a solution containing 100
ppb of nickel is added to the buffer.
(e) Construct the ANOVA table for the linear regression.
 Solution

1)

x y Xi - Promedio x Yi - Promedio y (Xi - Promedio x)^2 Xi * Yi Tiempo

100 237 -198 -158,2 39204 31323,6 263,305787
200 350 -98 -45,2 9604 4429,6 329,919026
300 419 2 23,8 4 47,6 396,532265
400 465 102 69,8 10404 7119,6 463,145504
490 505 192 109,8 36864 21081,6 523,097419
96080 64002

A good fit is provided in the data, since, as we observed in the linear regression model, it
fits the plotted data quite well, and in the construction of the ANOBA table we obtain an
adjustment of 94%.

Promedio x Promedio y
298 395,2
Estadísticas de la regresión
Sxy 64002 Coeficiente de correlación múltiple 0,978095064
Sxx 96080 Coeficiente de determinación R^2 0,956669955
R^2 ajustado 0,942226606
bi bo Error típico 25,37055246
0,66613239 196,6925479 Observaciones 5

ANÁLISIS DE VARIANZA
Grados de libertad Suma de cuadrados Promedio de los cuadrados F Valor crítico de F
Regresión 1 42633,8052 42633,8052 66,2360229 0,003878955
Residuos 3 1930,994796 643,664932
Total 4 44564,8

Coeficientes Error típico Estadístico t Probabilidad Inferior 95% Superior 95% Inferior 95,0% Superior 95,0%
Intercepción 196,6925479 26,9008197 7,311767824 0,00528331 111,0821336 282,3029621 111,0821336 282,3029621
x 0,66613239 0,081849009 8,138551649 0,00387895 0,405652312 0,926612467 0,405652312 0,926612467
2)

x y Xi - Promedio x Yi - Promedio y (Xi - Promedio x)^2 Xi * Yi Ventas (Yi - Promedio y)^2

19,1 0,095 -75,43333333 -0,322222222 5690,187778 24,3062963 0,099258594 0,10382716
38,2 0,174 -56,33333333 -0,243222222 3173,444444 13,7015185 0,179768165 0,059157049
57,3 0,256 -37,23333333 -0,161222222 1386,321111 6,00284074 0,260277736 0,025992605
76,2 0,348 -18,33333333 -0,069222222 336,1111111 1,26907407 0,339944275 0,004791716
95 0,429 0,466666667 0,011777778 0,217777778 0,0054963 0,419189297 0,000138716
114 0,5 19,46666667 0,082777778 378,9511111 1,61140741 0,499277352 0,00685216
131 0,58 36,46666667 0,162777778 1329,817778 5,93596296 0,570935085 0,026496605
150 0,651 55,46666667 0,233777778 3076,551111 12,9668741 0,65102314 0,054652049
170 0,722 75,46666667 0,304777778 5695,217778 23,000563 0,735326355 0,092889494
0 0 21066,82 88,8000333 0,374797556

Syy 0,374797556 Promedio x Promedio y

Sxy 88,80003333
94,53333333 0,417222222
Sxx 21066,82

bi bo Corriente max a 100

0,004215161 0,018749024 0,440265101

A very good coincidence was observed in the data, since, as we observed in the linear regression
model, it fits well with the plotted data and in the construction of the ANOBA table we obtain an
adjustment of 99%.

Estadísticas de la regresión
Coeficiente de correlación múltiple 0,999344581
Coeficiente de determinación R^2 0,998689591
R^2 ajustado 0,998502389
Error típico 0,008376312
Observaciones 9

ANÁLISIS DE VARIANZA
Grados de libertad Suma de cuadrados Promedio de los cuadrados F Valor crítico de F
Regresión 1 0,374306417 0,374306417 5334,842832 2,3718E-11
Residuos 7 0,000491138 7,01626E-05
Total 8 0,374797556

Coeficientes Error típico Estadístico t Probabilidad Inferior 95% Superior 95% Inferior 95,0% Superior 95,0%
Intercepción 0,018749024 0,006128526 3,059303666 0,018341398 0,004257361 0,033240686 0,004257361 0,033240686
x 0,004215161 5,77103E-05 73,04000843 2,3718E-11 0,004078698 0,004351624 0,004078698 0,004351624