Best Answer: Yes, there is a scientific reason. The black is carbon powder added to the rubber.

Basically, carbon improves the puncture strength and tread wear resistance to rubber.

They were not always black. At one time, most of the pneumatic tires were white, as depicted in
the following photo:

http://www.autogallery.org.ru/k/o/04olds...

But you were always fixing flats on these tires at the side of the road because the rubber was soft
and gummy.

In the '20's and early '30's you could buy replacement white tires but they cost more than black
tires. White tires denoted a soft pillowy, cloud-like, deluxe ride.

Whitewall tires are the extension of the original white tires, whose treads were hard to keep
white because of the dirty roads. So there was no benefit to making an all-white tire if it always
looked black on the tread area. The first white-wall tires were double white walls - or white walls
on both sides of the tire, like in this picture:

http://www.100-jahre-sportwagen.de/image...

But as fenders started wrapping around the body, you could not see the inside wall, so they
became single whites.

But the treads were black because the carbon added to the rubber made them last longer, and
carbon is black.
waplambadoobatawhopbamboo · 1 decade ago
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Black colour is a heat resistant colour so the tyres are made with black rubber.

GAURAV Aaggarwal · 1 decade ago

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The black color of tires comes from carbon black, a readily-available material that
provides greatly improved wear characteristics and heat-dissipation capabilities when
added to rubber compounds.

Natural rubber is off-white in color, and in fact the first rubber tires were white. Pure
vulcanized rubber is soft and wears out very quickly, however, and tends to heat up and
deform under load. So you want to mix something in with the rubber that adds
temperature stability and hardness -- originally this was typically zinc oxide which made
the tires bright white in color.

Around the time of World War I zinc oxide began to be replaced with carbon black,
which had even better characteristics and was becoming more available as a byproduct of
coal and oil production. As the benefits of adding carbon black to the compound became
known, that additive was used just on the tread portion, while the side of the tire
remained the natural color -- this is where the (now mostly gone) tradition of "whitewall
tires" came from.

Life Extension :

While different colored novelty tires exist and are available for customers to purchase,
they aren’t meant to be used for daily driving. Your black, boring, yet reliable tires
actually have a good reason for their specific color, and it has to do with the longevity
and safety of your tires.

Being black is the result of the manufacturer’s attempts to extend the life of their
automotive products. And extend it, it does – by a considerable amount. The color
originates from the combination of stabilizing chemicals which are added and blended
with the tire polymer during the production of a tire.

Super Carbon Black :

The chemical responsible is called ‘carbon black‘ and it’s added to protect your tires
 against ozone and UV damage. Manufactures found that by adding the chemical, it
drastically prolongs the life of the tire. So much so, that all tire manufacturers use this
same additive in tire production.

Carbon black also has the capability to resist the corrosive effects of ozone and absorb
the UV rays to convert them into heat.

Himanshu · 3 years ago

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Since carbon is added to tyres to increase the wear and heat resistance and also to
increase the overall shear qualities of the rubber, the tyres are black.

car-fan · 1 decade ago

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 

First - it's cheaper... and factories save alot! We all know that raw source of tyres are
from rubber trees.. When they are processed the end product is more of a dark gray color
to black. Adding colors would entail additional cost

Second, they have international standards to follow .. So all tyre companies should follow
suit..

Third, Government doesnt allow this.. Its like the transporation law that doesnt allow you
to paint your car shiny Silver color since it reflects light and may cause accidents..

just my two-cent :)

axillon · 1 decade ago

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Blac k colour of tyres syncorize with black colour of Road so that car driver following it
should not have any rainbow effect .

roy gogia · 1 decade ago

Any car driver, passenger or pedestrian knows that tyres are typically black. But, have you ever
wondered why? Why does everyone go for the generic black look instead of something more
exciting such as red or green?
While the very first tyres were created from bands of iron placed on wooden wheels of carts and
wagons, the first rubber car tyres which were invented in 1895, were in fact white. So why are
these white tyres not around today?

Although the natural colour of rubber is a milky white, the black colour we see was originally
caused by soot. The soot was thought to increase the durability of the tyre along with cotton
threads, which were inserted in order to reduce heat and increase stability.

However, the main reason for black tyres on cars today, is the chemical compound ‘carbon
black’. It is used as a stabilising chemical, which is combined with other polymers to create the
tread compound of a tyre. Once added to the rubber, carbon black increases the strength and
durability of the tyres, which is understandably seen as a desirable trait for tyre manufacturers
and car drivers. One way carbon black expands the lifespan of tyres is by conducting heat away
from parts of the tyre that tend to get particularly hot when driving, such as the tread and belt
areas. Carbon maintains the quality of tyres by protecting them from UV light and ozone, which
are known to deteriorate tyres.

Not only do the black tyres increase strength and durability, they also largely affect the safety of
your driving. Having stronger, long lasting tyres means you will have a more reliable drive.
Tyres could be considered the most important part of your vehicle as they affect almost every
performance factor from handling and acceleration to braking and ride comfort. It therefore
comes as no surprise that black tyres are the most popular manufactured today.
When it comes to looks, although black may be considered boring, they are definitely easier to
clean. They are therefore more practical than the white wall tires or fully white tires which are
sometimes seen to be more luxurious, particularly on classic cars.

While some novelty cars with colourful tyres might exist, they aren’t considered suitable for
daily driving. The plain black tyres, though they may seem dull, are chosen for a very important
reason; tyre durability and road safety.

black color of tires comes from carbon black, a readily-available material that provides greatly improved
wear characteristics and heat-dissipation capabilities when added to rubber compounds.

Natural rubber is off-white in color, and in fact the first rubber tires were white. Pure vulcanized rubber
is soft and wears out very quickly, however, and tends to heat up and deform under load. So you want
to mix something in with the rubber that adds temperature stability and hardness -- originally this was
typically zinc oxide which made the tires bright white in color.

Around the time of World War I zinc oxide began to be replaced with carbon black, which had even
better characteristics and was becoming more available as a byproduct of coal and oil production. As
the benefits of adding carbon black to the compound became known, that additive was used just on the
tread portion, while the side of the tire remained the natural color -- this is where the (now mostly
gone) tradition of "whitewall tires" came from. In a true (antique) whitewall tire the light color is
present througout the wall of the tire; later versions overlaid a thinner layer of white rubber on the
black tire to give a whitewall look:
It's possible to make other colors by simply using other pigments in combination with natural white
rubber, in fact it has been done:
The above are specialty tires from Double Star Tyre, a Chinese manufacturer, and are mostly intended
for show use (these likely use standard plastic pigments along with silica filler -- similar compounds are
used for sneaker soles -- this provides good traction but much poorer wear characteristics than carbon
black).

A somewhat more mainstream variant is the Scorcher tuner-car tire from BF Goodrich, which has
embedded colored bands:

So it's possible to make useful tires with pigmentation other than carbon black. However no other
readily-available filler has been found with the combination of beneficial properties seen in carbon
black.

There are also practical considerations; colored tires would be harder to keep clean and might tend to
clash with the color and style of the car itself -- even if mutiple colors were made and stocked (itself a
logistical challenge that would increase prices) there would be many color shade combinations that
clashed, while "black goes with everything".

27.1k Views

· 68 Upvotes
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Related QuestionsMore Answers Below

 Why did the colour of tyres of automobile became black?

 Why are tyres black?
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 Why are car/bike tires always black?
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Ask New Question

Puneet Chhangani, former Summer Intern at Bosch India (2017)

Answered Apr 4

Originally Answered: Why tyres are manufactured in black colour?

While the very first tyres were created from bands of iron placed on wooden wheels of carts and
wagons, the first rubber car tyres which were invented in 1895, were in fact white. So why are
these white tyres not around today?

Although the natural colour of rubber is a milky white, the black colour we see was originally
caused by soot. The soot was thought to increase the durability of the tyre along with cotton
threads, which were inserted in order to reduce heat and increase stability.
However, the main reason for black tyres on cars today, is the chemical compound ‘carbon
black’. It is used as a stabilising chemical, which is combined with other polymers to create the
tread compound of a tyre. Once added to the rubber, carbon black increases the strength and
durability of the tyres, which is understandably seen as a desirable trait for tyre manufacturers
and car drivers. One way carbon black expands the lifespan of tyres is by conducting heat away
from parts of the tyre that tend to get particularly hot when driving, such as the tread and belt
areas. Carbon maintains the quality of tyres by protecting them from UV light and ozone, which
are known to deteriorate tyres.

Not only do the black tyres increase strength and durability, they also largely affect the safety of
your driving. Having stronger, long lasting tyres means you will have a more reliable drive.
Tyres could be considered the most important part of your vehicle as they affect almost every
performance factor from handling and acceleration to braking and ride comfort. It therefore
comes as no surprise that black tyres are the most popular manufactured today.

When it comes to looks, although black may be considered boring, they are definitely easier to
clean. They are therefore more practical than the white wall tires or fully white tires which are
sometimes seen to be more luxurious, particularly on classic cars.

While some novelty cars with colourful tyres might exist, they aren’t considered suitable for
daily driving. The plain black tyres, though they may seem dull, are chosen for a very important
reason; tyre durability and road safety.

2.9k Views

· 5 Upvotes

Richard Danh, a teen

Answered Jan 9

Originally Answered: Why are tires made in a black color?

Manufacturers use carbon black chemicals because it produces a much lasting tire than its natural
color.

Source: Making Tires Black, Instead of the Natural White Color of Rubber, Produces a Much
Stronger and Longer Lasting Tire

2.9k Views

· 1 Upvote
Sayan Dhar, Assistant Manager at TATA Motors

Answered Feb 2

Originally Answered: Why are tires made in a black color?

There are three main reasons as to why tyres are black in color :

1)During the Vulcanization process carbon black along with sulphur is mixed into the rubber,
this strengthens the molecular bond of the rubber and makes it more sturdy and durable, the
reason of adding carbon black is because carbon black is available cheaper then any other
material.

2.)Black color is good conductor of heat and can absorb the sunrays better, when a vehicle is out
in open under the sun, the wear and tear will be very minimal as compared to any other color.

3.) During the run of the vehicle, the tyres tends to get hot and the specialty of the black color is
that it does absorb heat fast and can return it back to the roads as well, so the temperature though
hot but still remains balanced.

1.5k Views

· 5 Upvotes

Ryan Fothergill, Philosopher, Scientist, Storyteller

Answered Oct 15, 2012

Originally Answered: Why are vehicle tires colored black?

The majority of vehicle tires are black thanks to carbon black, a reinforcing phase in car tires. "Carbon
black also helps conduct heat away from the tread and belt area of the tire, reducing thermal damage
and increasing tire life."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car...

You could have any colour of tire you'd like, but because carbon black makes the product stronger it's a
great business strategy for any major manufacturer.

8.9k Views
· 7 Upvotes

Adam Sitarčík

Answered Oct 27

Originally Answered: Why are tires black?

While the very first tyres were created from bands of iron placed on wooden wheels of carts and
wagons, the first rubber car tyres which were invented in 1895, were in fact white. So why are
these white tyres not around today?

Although the natural colour of rubber is a milky white, the black colour we see was originally
caused by soot. The soot was thought to increase the durability of the tyre along with cotton
threads, which were inserted in order to reduce heat and increase stability.

However, the main reason for black tyres on cars today, is the chemical compound ‘carbon
black’. It is used as a stabilising chemical, which is combined with other polymers to create the
tread compound of a tyre. Once added to the rubber, carbon black increases the strength and
durability of the tyres, which is understandably seen as a desirable trait for tyre manufacturers
and car drivers. One way carbon black expands the lifespan of tyres is by conducting heat away
from parts of the tyre that tend to get particularly hot when driving, such as the tread and belt
areas. Carbon maintains the quality of tyres by protecting them from UV light and ozone, which
are known to deteriorate tyres.

Not only do the black tyres increase strength and durability, they also largely affect the safety of
your driving. Having stronger, long lasting tyres means you will have a more reliable drive.
Tyres could be considered the most important part of your vehicle as they affect almost every
performance factor from handling and acceleration to braking and ride comfort. It therefore
comes as no surprise that black tyres are the most popular manufactured today.

When it comes to looks, although black may be considered boring, they are definitely easier to
clean. They are therefore more practical than the white wall tires or fully white tires which are
sometimes seen to be more luxurious, particularly on classic cars.

While some novelty cars with colourful tyres might exist, they aren’t considered suitable for
daily driving. The plain black tyres, though they may seem dull, are chosen for a very important
reason; tyre durability and road safety.

Source: Why are tyres black?

2k Views

· 8 Upvotes

Sunny Sigroha, Mechanical Engineer

Answered Nov 21, 2016

This Is Why Tyres Are Black In Color!

Tyres are not actually black in color, Coating of carbon black is applied on the outer surface of
the tyre in order to make it pitch black in color

Carbon Black Makes It Strong:Carbon black that is applied on the tyre is to make it strong and
even sturdier in nature.

Carbon Black makes it puncture proof:Carbon black provides toughness to the tyres and it
also improves the safety of the tyre.

It saves the tyre from heat:Carbon Black is heat proof and that is the reason that after coloring
black, the tyres will also be heat resistant.

2.5k Views

· 5 Upvotes

Keshav Das, 33 years in the Global tire industry. Technical mostly, some sales.

Answered Jan 9

Originally Answered: Why are tires made in a black color?

This is an excellent question!

Tires are black because “carbon black” is a major component in it. Carbon black (subtypes are
acetylene black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black and thermal black) is a material
produced by the incomplete combustion of petroleum.

Here's a link explaining carbon black, from Wikipedia: Carbon black - Wikipedia

982 Views

· 1 Upvote

Abinash Mahapatra, works at Essar Steel

Answered Dec 2, 2015

Originally Answered: Why the tyers are always black?

Carbon black is filler for rubber which are used in tyre. Carbon black imparts strength, wear resistance,
fatigue resistance etc.
In addition to the imparted properties , carbon black is an excellent UV block to resist photochemical
degradation of the rubber matrix. It is one of the cheapest and most effective UV stabilizers with an
excellent track record.
You could make white tyres if you wanted to add Titanium dioxide or zinc oxide but in environments
with a moderate to high sulphur (pollution) content in the air, these may darken over time, so black is an
excellent default colour.
Any other photochemical stabilizer besides carbon black or titanium dioxide would be orders of
magnitude more expensive and not a thermally robust.
Also carbon black is a very efficient opacifier, thus limiting the UV photo degradation to an extremely
thin outer surface. White tires have already been successfully obtained, using silica particles instead of
carbon black as reinforcement fillers. However, though very nice indeed, their lifespan was very limited,
due to the extreme sensitivity of elastomer to UV.

4.7k Views

· 3 Upvotes

Jim Mowreader

Answered Jan 28

Originally Answered: Is there a rule that cars must use only black tires?

No. The reason they’re all black is the manufacturers have to put carbon in the rubber to make
them durable, and the carbon makes the tires black. A Chinese company called Doublestar has
shown colored tires at trade fairs, but they haven’t gone into production yet.

25.8k Views

· 55 Upvotes

Eugene Kuznetsov, 5000 mi on tubulars

Answered Jan 28
Originally Answered: Is there a rule that cars must use only black tires?

Technology, Trends Deflate The Demand For Whitewall Tires

Basically, the tread has to be black because it contains a special additive to increase tire life,
which is black. The sidewall may be white, but, on trucks and SUVs, white does not look good
(nor is it practical), and luxury/sport cars tend to go for low profile tires with barely any sidewall
visible, so going whitewall makes little sense there either.

2.1k Views

· 4 Upvotes

Sam Smith, Automotive Parts Enthusiast

Answered Aug 24, 2016

This Is Why Tyres Are Black In Color!

 Tyres are not actually black in color, Coating of carbon black is applied on the outer surface of
the tyre in order to make it pitch black in color

Carbon Black Makes It Strong:

 Carbon black that is applied on the tyre is to make it strong and even sturdier in nature.

Carbon Black makes it puncture proof:

 Carbon black provides toughness to the tyres and it also improves the safety of the tyre.

It saves the tyre from heat:

 Carbon Black is heat proof and that is the reason that after coloring black, the tyres will also be
heat resistant.

Get detail knowledge to understand your tyre

2k Views

· 1 Upvote · Answer requested by Kabir Sharma

Anthony Umann, founder @cascadiablooms

Answered Feb 25, 2011

Originally Answered: Why are most rubber tires black?

Rubber compounds used in the production of tires contain significant amounts of carbon black, which is
black. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car...

3.7k Views

· 4 Upvotes

Adit Akarsh, Indian 10th-grader

Answered Mar 21, 2015

Originally Answered: Why is the colour of a tyre black?

Tyres (correct the spelling) are black because of two reasons-

1. So that they don't look dirty, even after a lot of rough rides on dirty roads.
2. The raw materials (rubber, carbon black, and chemicals) give it the black colour. And no one
wants to change it.

1.Raw materials from Tire.

4.9k Views

· 1 Upvote · Answer requested by Patel Vinay Shaileshbhai

Jay Still, worked at Michelin

Answered Mar 7, 2016

Originally Answered: Why are tires black in Colour?

They weren't always. Originally rubber tires (tyres) were off white. It is the addition of carbon black to
the mix that makes modern tires black. This is added to primarily provide UV and Ozone protection to
the tires, increasing their longevity.
1.8k Views

Karen Tiede, old lady in training who lives in a rural area with 6 dogs.

Answered Apr 11, 2015

Originally Answered: I have studied that black absorbs more heat, so why are vehicle tires black in color?

The other answers have covered some of the situation.

Tires burst if they are made badly; not because they are black. I've known of two tires to "balloon"
under driving conditions in my entire driving life (nearly 1,000,000 miles); both were made by the same
company and purchased at the same time. We got rid of the set. The company settled a lawsuit some
time later.

It is possible to put too much air into a tire and have it burst either at the pump (really bad for the
person holding the air hose) or on the road (also bad, for everyone). It is rare, and it is stupid, and it is
preventable. Use a pressure gauge.

Tires have enough safety margin to manage the heat due to climate and normal road conditions.

In parts of the US South, the sun will damage the tires independent of their road life; people will cover
tires on vehicles that aren't driven every day to protect them from UV damage.

4.8k Views

· 3 Upvotes · Answer requested by Balaji Nagam

Aromal, Love Cars, Live Cars!

Answered Nov 21, 2016

Originally Answered: Why tyres of vehicles are in black colour?

The black color of tyres comes from carbon black, a readily-available material that provides
better wear characteristics & strength to the tyre.

Being black in colour means better heat dissipation & it's easier to clean. Black colour will match
with all kinds of vehicle colours & there for better aesthetics..!!
Finally, Carbon black has the capability to resist the corrosive effects of ozone and absorb the
UV rays to convert them into heat, & that's another advantage of tyres being black in colour..!!

857 Views

· 5 Upvotes

Zelene Jyoti Joshi, works at Leprechaun Chaser

Answered Dec 17, 2015

Originally Answered: Why do tyres are in black colour?

Tyres are black because carbon black is mixed in them during manufacture which increases the
strength of tyres as well as make them resistant towards ultra violet rays by converting uv
radiations into heat.Basically, carbon improves the puncture strength.They were not always
black. At one time, most of the pneumatic tires were white, as depicted in the following photo:

But you were always fixing flats on these tires at the side of the road because the rubber was soft
and gummy.

In the '20's and early '30's you could buy replacement white tires but they cost more than black
tires. White tires denoted a soft pillowy, cloud-like, deluxe ride.

Whitewall tires are the extension of the original white tires, whose treads were hard to keep
white because of the dirty roads. So there was no benefit to making an all-white tire if it always
looked black on the tread area. The first white-wall tires were double white walls - or white walls
on both sides of the tire, like in this picture:
But as fenders started wrapping around the body, you could not see the inside wall, so they
became single whites.

But the treads were black because the carbon added to the rubber made them last longer, and
carbon is black.

4.1k Views

· 5 Upvotes

Marc Whinery, I try to keep tires between me and the road at all times, except when walking

Answered Oct 31

No reason anymore. Originally they were white rubber. “Pure” the rubber is white. But with the
poor characteristics of pure, impurities were added. So then, lots of time and effort went into
identifying the best impurities to add. Carbon black was used.
The color was a side effect, and white-wall tires were made where the white-wall was actual
rubber, and the black portions were enhanced with impurities. Rubber alloy, if you don’t like
“impurity” for a mix that improves it.

Today, there are other “impurities” that have similar effects. It’s possible to make tires that aren’t
black. People have tried, and they were not a commercial success, mainly because Carbon is
essentially free, and the replacements less so. Black is the preferred color for tires, so they are
made in that color, even if one could make an equal in a different color.

16.6k Views

· 28 Upvotes · Answer requested by Kennis Obioma Dike

John Buginas, Taking driving seriously since 1970

Answered Apr 25, 2016

Originally Answered: Why are car tyres black?

If you've ever seen bicycle tires or show soles that are any color than black, you'll see that they
quickly turn a dirty grey color.

I suspect tires are black because they would look filthy in a short while.

(There may be a historical reason because they are made from materials that are cheaper to make
black than a lighter color).

4.3k Views

· 2 Upvotes

Stuti Gupta

Answered Apr 24, 2016

Originally Answered: Why colour of tyres is black? Why not of any other colour?

The black color of tires comes from carbonblack, a readily-available material that provides
greatly improved wear characteristics and heat-dissipation capabilities when added to rubber
compounds. Natural rubber is off-white in color, and in fact the first rubber tireswere white.
421 Views

Suhaib Junaid, 3 years experience in keeping the the tyres rolling.

Answered Feb 22

Originally Answered: Why are tyres mostly black?

The tyres can be of any colour, it is generally black because of the ingredients it is made of like,
carbon black. It can be made to have any other colour but the reason it is not so is:

The tyres already come in almost 125 sizes, if it starts to come in colours, suppose 4 colours then
the unique articles for tyre companies will change from 125 to 500, that will mean even more
planning and inventory for both the manufacturer and the distributor. Plus, once the tyre starts
coming in colours the demand for different colours will only increase and will add to more
expenses without adding anything to the revenue(the demand for tyres will not increase with the
introduction of colour.) or performance.

Moreove, tyre of any colour will tend to get greyish/black after running a decent amount of
distance on road.

226 Views

· 2 Upvotes

Aashish Dhole, works at Ph.D. Students

Answered Mar 29

Originally Answered: Why do we use tyres that are black?

Black colour of tyres is not actually by choice but according to the composition it has. Carbon
black, a main constituent of rubber used in tyres. Carbon black improves heat dessipation during
duty and also gives good wear resistance to the rubber. Infact the first rubber tyre was white in
colour as they were made by pure natural rubber without carbon black in it.

124 Views
Kaveri Lynn Ya, B.Tech from Madras Institute of Technology, Tamil Nadu, India (2019)

Answered Jun 23

Originally Answered: Why are tyres black?

Most of the people think its the rubber which is black,makes the tyre black….but it is abruptly
wrong.

Rubbers are actually not black. In case of NR ,it is yellowish or orangish yellow, and SBR,its
pale yellow..

Then where does this black come???

Its is due to the compounding ingredients that is added to it. Reinforcing fillers are the most
essential for modulus of a tyre and its mechanical strength.

Thus Carbon Black is added to it .This is wat the reason for its black colour. Even non black
fillers are also available where it fails to supply the desired strength. But in every compounding
of tire rubber we add prescribed amount of non black fillers which stands essential for the service
life of a tire.

150 Views

· 2 Upvotes

Guy Caulfield-Kerney, don't know nuffink about formula one tyres, but the rest is a bit better known.

Answered Oct 26, 2015

Originally Answered: Why the car tire is black in colour?

Thanks for the A2A, but;-

Quora answers on the same question,

Why are car tires black?

Why are tires always black?

Well answered.

3.8k Views
· Answer requested by Arun Kumar

Shubham Shrivastava, works at Cars and Automobiles

Answered Mar 12

Originally Answered: Why tires are made in black color?

The black color of tires comes from carbon black, a readily-available material that provides
greatly improved wear characteristics and heat-dissipation capabilities when added to rubber
compounds. Natural rubber is off-white in color, and in fact the first rubber tires were white.

Actually Carbon Black is not added as a coloring agent,it is a filler. Vulcanized rubber does not
have very good wear resistance and hence a tire made of pure vulcanized rubber would wear out
soon.
Carbon Black also increases the damping properties of rubber, thus transferring less shock loads
to the automobile.
In addition to this Carbon Black is a good conductor of heat and would help conduct heat away
from the surface with contact to the road and help maintain a healthy tire temperature.

89 Views

· 1 Upvote

Akshaykumar Narayankar, Mechanical Design Trainee

Answered Dec 1, 2015

Originally Answered: Why the tyers are always black?

The reason why Tyres are black is because of it's materials. The materials used in manufacturing of tyres
are Rubber, Silica, carbon black, Sulphur and many others. The usage of Carbon Black is must to give
reinforcement and abrasion resistance. And the Carbon Black is Black in color, this makes the tyre look
dark bluish or darks greyish in color, but with the usage it seems black.

√ Earlier in the past the attempts were made to make White Tyres too but they were not strong enough
to resist wearablity.

2.6k Views
· 1 Upvote

Gowtham Mounagurusamy, Mechanical Engineer

Answered Dec 17, 2015

Originally Answered: Why the tyers are always black?

In general rubberised products gets damaged when exposed to UV light. Since sun light emits a
range of UV(Ultra violet) rays so inorder to avoid it " Carbon pigment" is added in the
production of tyres. As carbon black is an excellent UV block to resist photochemical
degradation of the rubber matrix. Also It is one of the cheapest and most effective UV stabilizers.
More over it gives tyre an excellent abrasive as well as wear resistance.

Carbon black also works as reinforcement filler in rubber which increases the durability and
strength of rubber.

Specifically, adding about 50% by weight of carbn black increases the road-wear abrasion of the
produced tire by as much as 100 fold and improves the tensile strength of the tire by as much as
1008%. For the uninitiated, the tensile strength is the amount of force needed to pull something
to its breaking or bursting point.

2.3k Views

· 5 Upvotes

Arjit Chauhan, Converting CO2 to O2 since 1998

Answered Feb 22

Originally Answered: Why are tyres mostly black?

Rubber is made black by adding various chemicals, such as carbon black. This isn’t just for
cosmetic reasons, but because adding chemicals like carbon black to the rubber drastically
increases desirable qualities of the rubber. For instance, with tires, carbon black works as a
reinforcing filler in rubber, which increases the durability and strength of the end product.

Specifically, adding about 50% by weight of carbon black increases the road-wear abrasion of
the produced tire by as much as 100 fold and improves the tensile strength of the tire by as much
as 1008%. The tensile strength, for those who don’t know, is the amount of force needed to pull
something to its breaking or bursting point. Adding carbon black also helps conduct heat away
from certain hot spots on the tire; specifically, in the tread and belt areas, which can get
particularly hot at times while driving. This reduces thermal damage to the tire, which further
extends its lifespan.

The use of carbon black in rubber was originally proposed by Binney & Smith, the same
company that invented Crayola Crayons. They began selling their carbon black to the Goodrich
Tire Company, which is when white tires started disappearing on cars in favor of the much
superior black tires. Carbon black itself is simply nearly pure elemental carbon in colloidal
particle form. It is classically made by charring any organic material.

160 Views

· 2 Upvotes

Akshay Vaishnav, Design engineer and Powertrain lead @GT Motorsports, Formula Student Team, GTU

Answered Nov 8, 2015

Originally Answered: Why the tyers are always black?

The black color of tires comes from carbon black, a readily-available material that provides greatly
improved wear characteristics and heat-dissipation capabilities when added to rubber compounds.

Natural rubber is off-white in color, and in fact the first rubber tires were white.

Pure vulcanized rubber is soft and wears out very quickly, however, and tends to heat up and deform
under load. So you want to mix something in with the rubber that adds temperature stability and
hardness originally this was typically zinc oxide which made the tires bright white in color.

Around the time of World War-I, zinc oxide began to be replaced with carbon black, which had even
better characteristics and was becoming more available as a byproduct of coal and oil production. As the
benefits of adding carbon black to the compound became known, that additive was used just on the
tread portion, while the side of the tire remained the natural color.

Thanks
Akshay.

4.5k Views

· 51 Upvotes

Gregory Scott, works at Photography

Answered Jan 28

Originally Answered: Is there a rule that cars must use only black tires?

Back in the 1950s and 60s, white sidewalls were a popular premium option for a tire. However,
they were easily scuffed when parking next to the curb. Also, the black makes the tire more
ultraviolet resistant, and thus longer lasting. Raised white letters are still popular for some pickup
truck tires, I think. You can still get whitewalls, but they’re not very common:

Amazon.com: Coker Tire Whitewall Radial Tire P215/75R15: Automotive

520 Views

· 1 Upvote

Mayur Joshi, worked at Reliance Industries Limited

Answered Feb 26, 2015

Originally Answered: Why are tires always black?

Actually, We get rubber from tree & the fluid color is WHITE.
Carbon black is added to make it BLACK.
Tyres are specifically black because to cope with environmental condition & if they get dirty, then they
can sustain their appearance. It means they doesn't look Bad. (For Aesthetic design color combination)
Imagine appearance of Tyre when color is WHITE & mud is accumulated on its surface.
3.8k Views

Vinod Sunny, studied at Lovely Professional University

Answered Apr 26, 2016

Originally Answered: Why are car tyres black?

The black color of tires comes from carbon black, a readily-available material that provides
greatly improved wear characteristics and heat-dissipation capabilities when added to rubber
compounds. Natural rubber is off-white in color, and in fact the first rubber tires were white.

1.2k Views

Related Questions

 Which wears car tyres the most, gravel, brick or tarmac?

 Why tyres are made only in black colour?
 In a simple words answer, why are vehicle tyres black?
 Is there any technical explanation for why car tyres are black?
 Why is there difference between width of Indian car tyres and other cars tyres like audi?
 Why don't road cars use hard tyres like forklift trucks?
 Are there separate tyres for a car's front and back?
 Why does the tyres of car wear out gradually?
 Which are the best tyres for a car?
 Do noisy car tyres wear out quicker?

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Still have a question? Ask your own!

Related Questions

 Why did the colour of tyres of automobile became black?

 Why are tyres black?
 How badly do speedbumps affect car tyres?
 Why are car/bike tires always black?
 Are the tyre walls in formula 1 made up of real car tyres?
  Which wears car tyres the most, gravel, brick or tarmac?
 Why tyres are made only in black colour?
 In a simple words answer, why are vehicle tyres black?
 Is there any technical explanation for why car tyres are black?
 Why is there difference between width of Indian car tyres and other cars tyres like audi?

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Why do tractors have big rear wheels and small front wheels?

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14 Answers

Naseeb Gill, I'm Agricultural Engineer

Answered Mar 23

First of all, we should know that tractors are mainly used as traction providing machine. Getting
more and more traction is first goal in case of tractors.

And now, it's not true that all tractors are provided with big rear tyres. Only 2WD tractors are
provided with big rear wheels (in 4WD all wheels are of same size ) because of following
reasons.

1. As in 2WD tractor only rear wheels are available for traction purpose and we know F = AC + W
tan($)
 where W = weight on wheel
A = contact area of wheel
F = tractive force
So to increase tractive force i.e. F we should increase weight i.e. W on wheels and to sustain
that much load, tyre diameter should be big enough.
2. Tractor center of gravity (C.G.) lies towards rear axle (approx. 1/3 of wheelbase from rear axle)
and so to sustain that much load tyre size should be bigger.
3. Also from above equation as contact area (A) increased, tractive force (F) also increased, that is
also a reason by which rear wheels are bigger in size.

Front tyres in 2WD are smaller because they are towed wheels and used only for steering
purpose and small wheels require less effort in steering.

If you need more clarification you can read mine this answer too. Why do trucks and buses have
two wheels in the rear axle instead of one thicker one?

3.9k Views

· 12 Upvotes

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Related QuestionsMore Answers Below

 Why do tractors have big rear wheels?

 Why do some vehicles have small wheels in the front and big wheels in the rear?
 Why tractor has front wheel small?
 What is the reason that rear wheel of tractor is large in size in comparison to front wheel?
 Why water is used in tractor wheels?

Ask New Question

Venkatesh Ragupathi, Indian | Mechanical Engineer | listener |learner| autodidact

Updated Oct 6

Tractor, designed to use on farms for ploughing, sowing, harvesting, hauling equipment and
trailers.

Why big rear wheels ?

 Tractors are rear wheel drive i.e: the power given by the rear wheels to move. Rear wheel size
makes the surface area contact with tyres more, which prevents stuck in a rut.
 The pattern of tyres plays major role.
 The more friction makes it run on any road without stuck and makes ease to attach different
attachments without disturbing stability, covers maximum area.
 Enhance the grip for traction.
 Seat at higher elevation gives good visibility of the nose of the tractor to view.

P = F/A

P - pressure F - force A - area

This is the principle used in tractors which you people well knew.

Why small front wheels ?

 Small front wheels gives small turning angle, easily replaceable tires, economically good and
hassle free front view.
 If the wheel is higher in front it needs to be hinged at centre and all wheel drive must required.
 complex design leads to affect the engine.
Hope it helps !

Thank you.

Regards,

Venkatesh Ragupathi

3.4k Views

· 26 Upvotes

Mushahid Raja, studied at Darrang College, Tezpur

Answered May 6

There are several reason-

1. Small wheel in front --> lower center of mass--> less likely to tip over, moment.
 2. Smaller wheel in front provide smaller turning radius.
3. Smaller wheels in front provide better view to the driver.
4. Large wheels in back provides more torque, since friction is the driving force of the wheel.
5. Larger rear wheel provide more contact to the ground. It provide better control in fluffy ground.
6. To distribute total weight of the tractor uniform, rear wheels are made bigger.

I hope this helps.

838 Views

· 5 Upvotes

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Subin Raj, Automobile enthusiast

Answered Dec 27, 2016

Tractors are made for hauling trailors and other equipments on farm , having said that they are
obviously provided with great amount of torque on the rear wheel since they are rear wheel drive
vehicles , and so the rear wheel will be exposed to lot of pressure , wear..and to some extinct
they might lose traction as well.but thats not the case with front wheels they are driven , no
pressure or wear experienced..thus I have shortlisted below some of the main reasons for larger
rear wheels and smaller front wheels.

Large rear wheels -

1. More contact with the surface

2. Less pressure , which is related to surface area by the eqn p=f/a as the surface area increase ,
the pressure decrease
3. Increased traction
 4. High gradability
5. Rate of wear decreases
6. Easy to attach different attachments in rear without lose of stability
7. Uniform distribution of weight

Smaller front wheels

Since tractors are humongous in nature its pretty much necessary to reduce the turning radius as
much as possible hence they are provided with smaller front wheels , provides greater visibility
as well and is economical.

Just for info - not just tractors are provided with smaller front wheels..some of rear wheel drive
cars are using this concept.ex :-mercedes Benz and swatch had built a smart fortwo , tata nano
etc..

1.1k Views

· 8 Upvotes

Vipul Mani Pathak, B. E. Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra (2016)

Answered Aug 9, 2015

The tractor is intended to work on farm, where traction is inevitably low.

Tractive Effort is the actual force that the powered wheels of an automobile apply to the ground to pull
the vehicle.

Then what is this traction?

Traction is the maximum force that the powered wheels can apply to the ground, so as to pull the
vehicle forward without slipping.

You have higher traction on tarmac than on a muddy/ icy pavement. This means the maximum
acceleration that your vehicle can have is limited by either of the two factors
1. The maximum engine Torque, and
2. The traction available. whichever is lower.

So in order to come out of a slippery/muddy surface (Remember the moment if your ride ever got
gulped down!! ) you require high speed at low torque. (Since higher torque would mean a pulling force
greater than the available traction which would cause slipping and worsen the situation). In a normal
automobile this trade-off can be performed by means of shifting to a higher gear (2nd or 3rd rather than
1st )

Now compare the situation to the tractor. The torque available at the wheels is dictated by
1.Engine RPM.
2.Gear Selected.

However the tractive effort at the wheel would be decreased by a factor of tyre radius. ( T= R * F ). This
would imply that with the usage of large diameter tyres tractive effort would be reduced to a safe value
lesser than the traction available with your tractor utilising the complete engine power to come out of
the muck.

Large sized powered wheels- Higher Speed, Lower Acceleration

Smaller sized powered wheels-Lower Speed, Higher Acceleration.

Choice is yours..!!

3.5k Views

· 11 Upvotes

Veenit Pati, Everything will work out in the end. If it hasn’t worked out, it’s not the end

Answered Jun 5, 2015

You need maximum traction to plow and pull (hence the name 'tractor'). For that purpose, the rear
wheels need to be large and wide enough. Why only the rear wheels? Because usually only they are
powered by the engines.

That being said,four wheel drive tractors have all their wheels tall and wide.

While transmitting power (in mechanical engineering) you deal in two type of coins: speed and torque.
You can sacrifice speed for more torque, and vice versa. How can you do that? Say a small diameter gear
drives a large diameter gear ..for visualization purposes imagine a ceiling fan motor geared to a ferris
wheel. The motor has more speed but less torque, the ferris wheel has more torque but less speed.

So a diesel engine powers a shaft with small diameter, high speed and low torque. It is then geared to a
wheel with a large diameter. The result? The wheel acquires more torque. What does that mean
physically? It means that although the wheel has a slow rpm, it has enough "force" to do heavy duty
stuff like pulling out of mud and plowing the field and pulling heavy things.
4.8k Views

· 16 Upvotes

Akshay Rajput, Born to be a Automobile Engineer!

Answered Nov 11, 2016

I've had that question for long time and I used to ask that question almost all the times I spotted a
tractor. First - not all tractors have the front wheels smaller than the rear ones. You'll have to
observe the fields in which they're employed. The rear wheels, typically are the 'drive wheels'; to
which the engine is connected. They provide the necessary traction to the vehicle in muddy
lands. The front wheels are only for the direction. The bigger wheel solves the purpose of not
getting stuck in the muds.

Plus, the rear wheel helps in getting over smaller obstacles easily; imagine this when the tractor
is moving on uneven land which is where the tractors usually move.

If anyone have a different logic for this answer they can share with me.

2.9k Views

· 1 Upvote · Answer requested by Rakesh Khimaniya

Kumar Vaibhav Gupta, Mechanical Engineering

Answered Dec 27, 2016

Hi..

Greetings to all.. While I respect, all of you, Yes, the answers from all of you are right, but
partly.
You need a bigger tire, just because, the tractor is operated in wet sludgy crop fields, where
your normal size tire cannot work since, normal tire will simply keep spinning without any
plough action.

In technical terms, the need for bigger rear wheel in tractor is not just one , but many.. they are

1. The Broader, bigger wheel with a Thick Lug Pattern in the Tires will help for a very good
contact pattern with the surface, in this case, mostly the crop fields are expected to be wet and
slippery. Hence, Bigger broader wheel for better contact with the ground surface, which will
inturn enable the tractor to plough the field better. In contrast, the Front wheels are made small ,
comparatively slim and only intermittent rib pattern in the tires, this will help for ease of steering
even in wet sludgy surfaces.

2. Most importantly, the bigger wheel enables, addition of Dead Weights on its Rim Plate, (hope
u have seen the rear wheels with dead weights), these deadweights are added for higher grip with
the wet sludgy field where the tractor is operated.

3. Higher Ground Clearance is achieved with a bigger wheel, so as to pass over the plants in the
field.

4. Regarding Torque / other info... It's very simple, dont get too complicated. The bigger the
Tire, more is the torque need to rotate the tires, which means, you will need bigger engines,
inturn, there will be higher fuel consumption and the cost of tractor becomes heavy. So, from a
design perspective, no tractor is designed to intentionally make them big, unless there is a need
for it. As such, the Torque of the engine being a reason for the big size tire is ruled out.

Thanks,

4.8k Views

· 18 Upvotes

Bharat Balaji D, former HVAC Site Engineer at JVS Air Systems

Answered Oct 14

Originally Answered: Why are tractor rear wheels bigger than the front wheels?

 Rear wheels are bigger in order to reduce pressure impacted to the soil due to the weight of
diesel engine and the heavy attachments just near the wheels.
 Front wheels are smaller to visibility and easy negotiation of corners.

169 Views
· 5 Upvotes

Jaspal Singh, studied Mechanical Engineering

Answered Jan 24, 2015

You answered it already when you said 'tractor'. Now let me explain it:

Tractor means traction+motor.

And traction means torque. Torque is inversely proportional to speed. So, to reduce the gearbox speed
we use big tyres, which in turn gives maximum torque....

2.1k Views

· 9 Upvotes · Answer requested by Maulik Gandhi

Anirudh Mahadevan, Tesla fan, follows everything about Electric Vehicles

Answered Oct 11, 2016

Check this link for the details. Need any clarification let me know

Anirudh Mahadevan's answer to Why small wheels are used in front of the harvester and tractor?

640 Views

· 1 Upvote · Answer requested by Rakesh Khimaniya

Nisarg Raval, Petrolhead.

Answered Oct 12, 2016

Originally Answered: Why are rear wheels of a tractor bigger than its front wheels?

The main aim of a tractors engine is it should have enough torque to pull the tractor through the
field.But sometimes too much torque results in wheelspin.

And we don't want that.

So by increasing the tyre size you reduce the chances of wheel spin so that tractor grips well with
ground.

And mind you,even with that huge size of tyres don't get surprised when you see a tractor pull
off a Burnout !!

553 Views

· Answer requested by Rakesh Khimaniya

Adarsh Mohapatra

Answered Oct 11, 2016

Originally Answered: Why are rear wheels of a tractor bigger than its front wheels?

 Bigger rear wheels provide more traction between wheels and ground thus minimizing the
slipping action between ground and tyres.
 Bigger wheels have greater surface contact with the ground. Greater surface area means less
pressure exerted on soil in field. Hence it reduces sinking of wheels into soft soil.
 Smaller front wheel is provided to have a smaller steering radius while turning.

470 Views
· Answer requested by Rakesh Khimaniya

Chandrika

Answered Nov 20
To do best farming tractors consists big and rear wheels to know more about tractors check here
http://www.alstractors.com/CD-tr...

18 Views

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 Why do tractors have big rear wheels?

 Why do some vehicles have small wheels in the front and big wheels in the rear?
 Why tractor has front wheel small?
 What is the reason that rear wheel of tractor is large in size in comparison to front wheel?
 Why water is used in tractor wheels?
 Why are the front wheels of old tractors tilted outwards?
 What happens when the front wheel of a car is larger than the rear wheel?
 Why is the front wheel track bigger than the rear wheel track?
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Tire balance
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Tire balance, also referred to as tire unbalance or imbalance, describes the distribution of mass
within an automobile tire or the entire wheel (including the rim) to which it is attached.

When the wheel rotates, asymmetries of mass may cause it to hop or wobble, which can cause
ride disturbances, usually vertical and lateral vibrations. It can also result in a wobbling of the
steering wheel or of the entire vehicle. The ride disturbance, due to unbalance, usually increases
with speed. Vehicle suspensions can become excited by unbalance forces when the speed of the
wheel reaches a point that its rotating frequency equals the suspension’s resonant frequency.

25 g zinc tire weight

Tires are balanced in factories and repair shops by two methods: static balancers and dynamic
balancers. Tires with high unbalance forces are downgraded or rejected. When tires are fitted to
wheels at the point of sale, they are measured again on a balancing machine, and correction
weights are applied to counteract the combined effect of the tire and wheel unbalance. After sale,
tires may be rebalanced if driver perceives excessive vibration. Balancing is not to be confused
with wheel alignment.

Contents

 1 Static balance
 2 Dynamic balance
 3 The physics of dynamic balance
 4 Vehicle vibration
 5 Environmental consequences
 6 See also
 7 References
Static balance

Static balance can be measured by a static balancing machine where the tire is placed in its
vertical axis on a non-rotating spindle tool. The spot on the tire with the greatest mass is acted
upon by gravity to deflect the tooling downward. The amount of deflection indicates the
magnitude of the unbalance. The angle of the deflection indicates the angular location of the
unbalance. In tire manufacturing factories, static balancers operate by use of sensors mounted to
the spindle assembly. In tire retail shops, static balancers are usually non-rotating bubble
balancers, where the magnitude and angle of the unbalance is observed by looking at the center
bubble in an oil-filled glass sighting gauge. While some very small shops which lack specialized
machines still do this process, they have been largely replaced in larger shops with machines.

Dynamic balance

Dynamic balance describes the forces generated by asymmetric mass distribution when the tire is
rotated, usually at a high speed. In the tire factory, the tire and wheel are mounted on a balancing
machine test wheel, the assembly is accelerated up to a speed of 100 RPM (10 to 15 mph with
recent high sensitivity sensors) or higher, 300 RPM (55 to 60 mph with typical low sensitivity
sensors), and forces of unbalance are measured by sensors as the tire rotates.[1] These forces are
resolved into static and couple values for the inner and outer planes of the wheel, and compared
to the unbalance tolerance (the maximum allowable manufacturing limits). If the tire is not
checked, it has the potential to wobble and perform poorly. In tire retail shops, tire/wheel
assemblies are checked on a spin-balancer, which determines the amount and angle of unbalance.
Balance weights are then fitted to the outer and inner flanges of the wheel. Dynamic balance is
better (it is more comprehensive) than static balance alone, because both couple and static forces
are measured and corrected.

The dynamic balance can only be conducted if the driver comes to the garage and has the garage
check for imbalances. With the existing sensors found in many cars, however, the imbalance can
be estimated in real time, as seen in a recent SAE paper: sensors such as the anti-lock braking
system (ABS) wheel speed sensors were used to detect an imbalanced tire or tires in real time.[2]
The physics of dynamic balance

Physics of tire imbalance

Mathematically, the moment of inertia of the wheel is a tensor. That is, to a first approximation
(neglecting deformations due to its elasticity) the wheel and axle assembly are a rigid rotor to
which the engine and brakes apply a torque vector aligned with the axle. If that torque vector is
not aligned with the principal axis of the moment of inertia, the resultant angular acceleration
will be in a different direction from the applied torque. Whenever a rotor is forced to rotate about
an axis that is not a principal axis, an external torque is needed. This is not a torque about the
rotation axis (as in a driving or braking torque), but is a torque perpendicular to that direction. If
the rotor is suspended by bearings, this torque is created by reaction forces in the bearings. These
reaction forces turn with the shaft as the rotor turns, at every point producing exactly the torque
needed to keep the wheel rotating about the non-principal axis. These reaction forces can excite
the structure to which they are attached. In the case of a car, the suspension elements can vibrate
giving an uncomfortable feel to the car occupants. In practical terms, the wheel will wobble.
Automotive technicians reduce the wobble to an acceptable level when balancing the wheel by
adding small weights to the inner and outer wheel rims.

Vehicle vibration

Vibration in cars and light trucks occurs for many reasons. Common reasons are poor wheel
balance, imperfect tire or wheel shape, brake pulsation, and worn or loose driveline, suspension,
or steering components. Occasionally and rarely, one will find foreign material stuck in tire's
tread causing vibration e.g. road tar in summer.
Environmental consequences

Every year, millions of small weights are attached to tires by automotive technicians balancing
them. Traditionally, these weights have been made of lead; it is estimated that up to 500,000
pounds of lead, having fallen off car wheels, ended up in the environment.[3] According to the
US Environmental Protection Agency, worldwide these total more than 20,000 tonnes of lead
annually,[4] and therefore the use of less-toxic materials is encouraged.[5] In Europe, lead weights
have been banned since 2005; in the US, some states have also banned them. Alternatives are
weights made of lead alloys that include zinc or copper, or weights that are altogether lead-
free.[6]

See also

 Speed wobble
 Rotordynamics

References

1.

 aa1car.com
  Jianbo Lu, Dimitar Filev and Len Johnson (2011). "Real-time Tire Imbalance Detection Using ABS
Wheel Speed Sensors". AE Int. J. Mater. Manuf. 4 (1): 1036–1047. doi:10.4271/2011-01-0981.

  Schnubel, Mark (2014). Today's Technician: Automotive Suspension & Steering Classroom Manual
and Shop Manual. Cengage Learning. p. 607. ISBN 9781305178410.

  National Lead Free Wheel Weight Initiative (NLFWWI). epa.gov. Retrieved on 2012-06-26.

  "Postal Services pledges to remove 8,000 pounds of lead". American Recycler. January 2009. p. B2.
Retrieved 3 May 2016.

6.  Gilles, Tim (2012). Automotive Service: Inspection, Maintenance, Repair. Cengage Learning.
p. 1167. ISBN 9781133420682.

Categories:

 Tires
 Vehicle technology

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