PRACTICE TEST FIVE ANSWER KEY be preceded by an indirect object (e.g.
, to cause people to
Section 1 Listening Comprehension
Part A
1. D 9. В 17. D 25. С
2. В 10. А 18. С 26. В
3. С 11. В 19. В 27. С
4. D 12. В 20. А 28. В
5. В 13. D 21. С 29. А
6. В 14. С 22. D 30. В
7. D 15. А 23. А
8. С 16. С 24. В
Part В
31. С 33. В 35. D 37. А
32. А 34. С 36.D 38. D
Part С
39. В 41. A 43. В 45. С 47. B 49. A
40. В 42. B 44. C 46. D 48. D 50. D
Section 2 Structure and Written Expression
1. D A preposition is needed to complete an unfinished
prepositional phrase. (A) contains an article. (B) and (C)
contain clause markers (Because and When) rather than
prepositions.
2. С A subject and the be part of a passive are needed.
Only (C) contains both of these elements.
3. D A structure parallel to the gerunds influencing, maintaining, 22. A An object pronoun is used where a reflexive pronoun
and changing is needed. Only (D) contains such a structure.
4. В Only an article is needed to complete the subject of this
sentence. (A) embeds the subject in a prepositional phrase.
(C) embeds the subject in a subordinate clause. (D) does
not contain an article.
5. В A relative pronoun is needed to complete an unfinished
relative clause. (A) contains a conjunction. (C) contains a
subject pronoun. There is already a subject, Depressant
drugs. (D) contains an unnecessary preposition before the
relative pronoun.
6. D A subordinate clause needs to be completed. The word
order in (A) is incorrect, because it creates a question. (B)
and (C) create main clauses. Two main clauses cannot be
joined by a comma.
7. C A completed modifier is needed to describe organic
compounds. (A) creates a noun clause, and (B) creates a main
clause. These clause types do not act as modifiers. (D)
contains an unnecessary object (them). Only (C) creates a
relative clause which can modify organic compounds.
8. D A correctly formed subordinate clause or a modifying
phrase is needed. (A) and (B) create main clauses. Two main
clauses cannot be joined by only a comma. (C) contains only
part of a subordinate clause. Only (D) contains a correctly
formed modifying prepositional phrase.
9. B An object is needed for the preposition because of. (A)
contains a main clause, which cannot be the object of a
preposition. (C) contains an incorrect of phrase. (D) contains an
adjective phrase,which cannot be the object of a preposition.
10. A Only a correctly formed passive verb is needed. (B) and (C)
contain nonfinite verb forms. (D) contains an unnecessary
subject (they) before the passive verb.
11. C A singular word is needed to describe the singular
instinct. (A), (B), and (D) contain words that describe plurals. 37. D A clause marker (as soon as) is used but is not
12. C A main clause is needed that contains llamas as its subject,
to be modified by the phrase considered unique and exotic. (A) 38. D The adjective another is used with singular countable
and (B) contain the subject over 4,000 American households.
(D) is not a complete main clause. It is missing the verb is,
which is necessary to complete the passive verb construction
z's kept.
13. B A simple direct object for the infinitive to cause is
needed. (A) contains another infinitive, which would need to
sleep fitfully). (C) does not contain a direct object noun
structure. It contains an adjective and a prepositional phrase.
In (D), sleep is a noun direct object followed by the adverb
fitfully. Adverbs do not modify nouns.
14. С An appositive to rename One of the most influential
Virginians of colonial times and a verb are needed. Only
(C) contains these two structures together.
15. D Two parallel structures, merge and produce, need to be
joined together. Only (D) contains a structure (a coordinating
conjunction) that can be used to join these two structures.
16. С Incorrect adjective-noun word order is used.
Correction: powerful forces
17. С A passive is incorrectly formed. Correction: are
18. A A gerund is used where a regular noun is needed.
Correction: discovery
19. С An incorrect adjective form is used. Four does not
show order or sequence. Correction: fourth
20. С A structure parallel to the subject-verb combination which
is is needed to form the equative. The subject is missing in the
second half of this equative comparison. Correction: as it is
21. A A noun clause marker is needed to start the noun
clause that is the object of the preposition of. An adjective
clause marker (a relative pronoun) has been used instead.
Correction: of what
is needed. Correction: himself
23. В An infinitive is incorrectly formed. Correction: to provide
24. A The second part of the paired expression neither ... nor
is incorrectly formed. Correction: nor
25. В The adverb also is used where a conjunction is
needed. Correction: and
26. В A relative pronoun is needed to begin the adjective
clause that modifies liquids. A noun clause marker has
been used instead. Correction: that/which
27. С A nonfinite verb form is used where a finite verb form
is needed. Correction: encourage
28. С The verb increase doesn't agree in number with its
singular subject, specialization. Correction: increases
29. D A plural noun is used with the indefinite article a. This
article is used only with singular countable nouns.
Correction: location
30. A Part of a compound preposition is missing. Correction:
In accordance with the
31. С An adverb form is used where an adjective form is
needed. Correction: successive
32. A The comparative degree of low is formed
incorrectly. Correction: lower
33. D An incorrect noun form is used. Percentage is not used to
indicate specific amounts (in this case, nine). Correction:
percent
34. D A noun form is used where an adjective form is needed.
Correction: rough
35. С An intensifier is incorrectly used. Such is an intensifier
which is used before nouns. Similar is an adjective, not a
noun. Correction: so
36. В A finite verb form is used where a gerund is needed.
Correction: expecting
followed by a clause. Correction: as soon as they arrive
nouns. Sources is a plural noun. Correction: other
39. A A compound adverb clause marker is incorrectly
formed. Correction: though
40. С An incorrect preposition is used. Correction: on
Section 3 Reading Comprehension
1. A The correct answer is (A) because the central idea of the passage
describes one aspect of early natural history. Paragraph one includes
a general introduction to early man and his developing knowledge
from the natural world; paragraph two focuses the topic on
herbalists and plants and drugs in early medicine.
2. A The correct answer is (A) because lines 1-6 state: Long ago
prehistoric man began to domesticate a number of wild plants and
animals for his own use. This not only provided more abundant
food but also ... (B), (C), and (D) are not mentioned as reasons for
domestication of plants and animals in the passage.
3. В The pronoun "this" refers to the statement in the preceding
sentence that man began to ... domesticate a number of wild plants
and animals for his own use (lines 1-2).
4. D The meaning of the word "blossomed" is found in the immediate
context of the sentence, ... human cultures evolved and blossomed,
and humans began to organize their knowledge of nature into the
broad field of natural history (lines 9-10). It can be inferred from the
positive connotation of cultures evolved and humans organize their
knowledge of nature that answer choice (D) flourished is correct.
5. С The correct answer (C) can be inferred from lines 11-13. Lines 11-
12 tell us: One aspect of early natural history concerned the use of
plants for drugs and medicine. This sentence establishes the specific
topic of plants for drugs and medicine. The next sentence introduces
the early herbalist, the sequencing of information in the passage
implies a direct relationship between plants and medicine and the
early herbalist. This inference is supported by the details about how
herbalists used plants as medicine in the rest of the passage.
6. C The phrase "in this respect" refers to... the use of drugs and
medicine in the preceding sentence. The example that supports
"in this respect" gives further information that the use of plants
for drugs and medicine is the referent of the phrase "in this
respect."
7. В The meaning of the word "extract" can be deduced by
reasoning that something that is made from a leaf and
prescribed for a person... (lines 14-15) will be a substance
(answer B).
8. D The correct answer (D) can be inferred from lines 12-24. Lines 12-
13 state that the early herbalists sometimes verworked their
imaginations in this respect (plants for drugs and medicine). This
information is followed by an example of overworked imagination:.. .it
was widely believed that a plant or part of a plant that resembled an
internal
organ would cure ailments of that organ. The inference that this belief
is not well founded is further supported by the contrast word
Nevertheless in line 23 of the conclusion.
9. B The correct answer is (B) because the tone of the passage is
informational. The passage contains general information and
supporting details and examples.
10. A The meaning of the word "rudiments" can be understood from
the immediate context of the sentence in relation to the whole
passage... the overall contributions of these early observers
provided the rudiments of our present knowledge of drugs and their
uses (lines 23-24) concludes the description of prehistoric man and
his development of plants as a contribution to medicine. It can be
inferred that this knowledge, though incomplete, was the basis on
which present day science has been built. Therefore, answer choice
(A) beginnings represents this concept.
11. A The correct answer is (A) because each of the other answer
choices is too specific to be the purpose of the whole passage. The
three paragraphs give different information about interpreting:
paragraph one gives an explanation of what it is not, and a
definition; paragraph two gives an example to illustrate the
complexity of interpreting; and paragraph three discusses two
kinds of interpreters. This is a broad range of information, and is
best stated as an explanation of the scope of interpreting.
12. B The meaning of the word "converting" can be deduced by
logically reasoning that interpreting from one language into
another involves the concept of change.
13. С Clues to the meaning of "analogues" are found in the
immediate context of the sentence:... it is a complex art in which
thoughts and idioms that have no obvious analogues from
tongue to tongue — or words that have multiple meanings —
must quickly be transformed... (lines 3-5). The dashes indicate
that an explanation or definition is given. It can be inferred that
"analogues" or words that have multiple meanings is closest in
meaning to (C) counterparts.
14. A The correct answer (A) can be inferred from lines 1-3:
Simply being bilingual does not qualify someone to interpret.
Interpreting is not merely a mechanical process of converting
one sentence in language A into the same sentence in language
B. Rather, it's a complex art. The tone of this information
implies that the author is not just stating information, but is
developing a persuasive argument to convince someone that
interpreting is not simple, but very complex.
15. С The correct answer is (C) in lines 3-6. Lines 5-6 state that
interpreting must be done ... in such a way that the message is
clearly and accurately expressed to the listener. In this context,
the message is similar to the meaning. Lines 7-10 give an
example of an idiom whose correct interpretation depended on...
an idiom the Spanish understood and that conveyed the same
idea. The same idea in this context is similar to the meaning.
16. A The phrase "The former" refers to the first of the types of
interpreters mentioned in the preceding sentence.
17. В The correct answer (B) can be inferred from line 1: Simply
being bilingual does not qualify someone to interpret. This
statement implies that being bilingual is a basic qualification,
but not the only qualification. (A) is not logical since
interpreters work for businesses; (C) is incorrect according to
lines 15-17 which state that consecutive interpreters do not need
high tech gear, and (D) is not discussed in the passage.
18. A The correct answer (A) can be inferred from lines 15-20.
Lines 16-17 state that consecutive interpreters are mainly
employed for smaller meetings and in line 18 consecutive
interpretation requires two-person teams. Lines 18-20
describe the transaction between two people using a
consecutive interpreter.
19. C The correct answer (C) can be inferred from lines 11-15
which describe the work of a simultaneous interpreter. Lines
12—13 state : The former, (referring to a simultaneous
translator) sitting in an isolated booth... listens to speakers
wearing headphones.
20. D Clues to the meaning of the word "taxing" found in the
preceding sentences and in the context of the immediate
sentence. The preceding sentences give an explanation of the
demanding responsibilities of the simultaneous interpreter.
Equally taxing in its own way, consecutive interpretation...
implies that consecutive interpretation is also demanding.
Therefore, answer choice (D) demanding is correct.
21. A The correct answer (A) can be inferred from lines 20-21 which
state that Consecutive translation constitutes the basis of both
types of interpretation, as it develops the requisite analytical
skills. Since consecutive translation is more basic, it is logical that
it would be studied first.
22. A The correct answer (A) is found by quickly reading the passage
for key concepts. Each paragraph of the passage contains the ideas
of forest soil and life in the soil: line 1 Watching for wildlife in the
forest...; lines 2-3... overlooking the living world in the soil
beneath our feet; line 5 But life bustles down below ...; line 11...
leaving more organic matter to fuel the folks downstairs; line 12...
the soil protects its tenants...; line 17 Earthworms and ants are the
champion earth-movers ... (B) is too specific; (C) and (D) are not
specific enough to be the topic of this passage.
23. B A clue to the meaning of "bustles" is found in the preceding
sentence and the immediate context of the sentence: But life
bustles down below: a cubic inch of topsoil may contain billions
of creatures. But indicates a contrast in meaning to quiet, even
dead from the preceding sentence (lines 4-5). It can be inferred
that billions of creatures in a cubic inch of topsoil will provide a
busy and active environment.
24. A The correct answer (A) can be inferred from lines 5-6: But life
bustles down below: a cubic inch of topsoil may contain billions
of creatures. Logical reasoning tells us that a cubic inch of topsoil
containing billions of creatures is very densely inhabited.
25. A Clues to the meaning of "linked" are found in the words roam
beneath as well as above the forest floor in the preceding sentence
(line 7) and in the later example of how the work of bacteria and
fungi in the soil contributes to food for plants above ground (lines
8-10). It can be inferred from this context that linked means a
close relationship, and that answer choice (A) related is correct.
26. В The correct answer (B) is found in lines 8-10: 39. В The correct answer is (B) because of the description of the Cape
Soil-dwelling bacteria and fungi break down dead organic matter Cod house in paragraph one as modest and unpretentious, which is
into molecules that above ground plants use for food. This is best similar in meaning to "free from affectation." This is supported later
restated as (B) to provide food for plant life. in the passage in lines 16-17: In Cape Cod communities where
27. A The meaning of the word "bulwark" can be found in the pretension was abhorred... and in the description of the Cape Cod
immediate context of the sentence, It (the soil) also provides a house by a Bostonian, lines 19-23.
bulwark against predators that roam the surface world (lines 13-14). 40. С The correct answer (C) can be arrived at by the context of the
It can be inferred that the soil offers its inhabitants protection from passage in lines 16-23. Lines 16-18 state: In Cape communities,
the dangers above by physically separating the two areas. where pretension was abhorred, and where the homes of captain
Therefore, answer choice (A) barrier is correct. and crewman were undifferentiated, even painted clapboards were
28. С The correct answer is (C) because all of the other answer considered "showy." We can conclude that "showy" must be similar
choices are mentioned in the passage as things the soil in meaning to what Cape communities disliked— pretension.
protects creatures against: (A) in lines 13-14 (predators is 41. В The correct answer (B) is a restatement of the view expressed in
lines 20-23: seem of an unsuitable inferiority of style to those who
similar in meaning to enemies); (B) and (D) in lines 12-13.
live in them... in the best circles ... a simplicity in the style ... little
29. D Clues to the meaning of the word "constricting" are found in the
distinction that reveals wealth... equality that extends to everything.
preceding sentence and the context of the immediate sentence. In
(A), (C), and (D) are not implied according to the passage.
lines 14-15 we read But the dense, protecting soil also limits
42. D The correct answer (D) is correct according to paragraph one of the
mobility, which implies that it is not easy to move about. Soil
passage. The introduction in paragraph one introduces two house types
creatures must be specially equipped in order to travel easily
— the log cabin and the Cape Cod; paragraph two discusses the Cape
through their dark, constricting realm. It can be inferred that the soil
Cod house, and it is logical to predict that the next paragraph will
limits movement and makes it difficult. Therefore, answer choice
discuss the log cabin.
(D) limiting best represents this concept.
43. B The correct answer (B) is found in lines 2-4:
30. B The correct answer is (B) because lines 18-19 tells us that
Aaron Copland succeeded so well in assimilating the materials of
While ants travel relatively far from their nests, earthworms
American folksong into his own highly personal style that, in the
work small areas .... This is best restated as ants are more
eyes of the world, he came to be regarded as "the" American
mobile than earthworms (B).
composer of his time. (A), (B), and (C) are facts about Copland
31. С Lines 19-20 state that ants work at reprocessing vast
that are less important than his work with American themes in his
amounts of soil into fertile "waste" .... It can be inferred that
music.
soil is changed into fertile waste through reprocessing; answer
44. A The meaning of the word "assimilating" can be inferred from
choice (C) converting is closest in meaning to change, and is the
the immediate context of the sentence,... Aaron Copland
correct answer.
succeeded so well in assimilating the materials of American
32. D The correct answer (D) is found throughout the passage in
folksong into his own highly personal style that... he came to be
the use of parts of a building to designate parts of the forest or
regarded as the American composer of his time (lines 2-4).
forest soil: line 2 ground floor, rafters; line 4 basement; lines 7-
Copland had bis own personal style, but he included American
8 the forest floor, upstairs, downstairs; line 12 a well-insulated
folksong materials into this style so well that he gained
house.
fame. It can be inferred from this context that "assimilating" is
33. C The correct answer (C) is found by quickly reading the passage
similar to including or combining. Therefore, answer choice (A) is
to establish the key concepts. Paragraph one is a very short
correct.
introduction to two house types in the same historical period;
45. D The correct answer (D) can be arrived at by noting that the other
paragraph two develops one of these in length—the Cape Cod
answer choices are mentioned in the passage: (A) in lines 21-22; (B)
house. For this reason (A) is incorrect; (B) is not discussed for
in line 2; and (C) in fine 21.
both house types; (C) is a supporting detail in the discussion of the
46. B The correct answer (B) is found in lines 14-16 in which the most
Cape Cod house.
productive phase of Copland's career is due to the fact that He
34. B Clues to the meaning of "succeeded" are found in the
realized that a new public for modem music was being created by
context of the immediate sentence. Over the years from the
the new media of radio, phonograph, and film scores.
seventeenth century through the nineteenth and beyond,
47. A The meaning of the word "mirrored" is found in the third
presents a context of the passing of time. It can be inferred that
paragraph, in which the musical life of the composer, Copland, is
the style and fashion changed over the two centuries, and as
described. Key words and phrases which point out the trends of his
one style came into fashion, another went out. In this context,
time (line 10) that Copland "mirrored" are:... strongly influenced by
answer choice (B) replaced is correct.
Stravinski's neoclassicism, turning toward an abstract style (lines
35. C The meaning of the word "derivatives" can be inferred
12-13); In 1935... change of direction... new public for modem
from the general context of the introduction to the passage.
music ... new media of radio ... (lines 13-14); and, Copland was
The phrases flourished continuously (line 3), enjoyed
therefore led to .. .the attempt to simplify the new music in order that
widespread popularity (line 5), and are still with us today (line
it would have meaning for a large public (lines 16-18). It can be
5) indicate that the house types did not disappear. Although
inferred that in this context "mirrored" means represented, which is
changes may have occurred over time, the basic style remains.
answer choice (A).
Answer choice (C) replicas best represents this concept.
48. D The correct answer is (D) is found in lines 16-18: Copland
36. B The correct answer (B) is found in lines 4-5:
was therefore led to what became a most significant
... both enjoyed widespread popularity, and their derivatives are
development after the 1930s; the attempt to simplify the new
still with us today. Their derivatives refers to the same housing
music in order that it would have meaning for a large public.
form as it appears today. (A) is not true according to the passage;
49. B The correct answer is (B) because in the context of the
(C) and (D) are incorrect according to the description in the
sentence "these" followed by were must refer to a musical work:
passage of Cape Cod houses as modest and unpretentious.
Lines 20-22 Notable among these were three ballets ... an
37. A The meaning of the word "abhorred" can be inferred from the
orchestral piece ..., and a series of film scores. In the context
immediate context abhorred pretension and the description that
preceding "these," the scores is the only possible referent.
follows of the modest appearance of Cape Cod houses; even painted
50. C The correct answer (C) is found in Copland's quotation in
clapboards were considered showy. It can be inferred that pretension
lines 26-28: Because we live here and work here, we can be
is related to painted clapboards, which were not favored; therefore,
certain that when our music is mature it will also be American
answer choice (A) disliked is correct.
in quality. This is best restated as (C) American composers will
38. В The meaning of the word "peculiarity" is found in the context of
surely produce music reflective of America.
the comment of the Bostonian, who remarked about the unusual
contrast of the simple homes of people who had wealth.