MAHATMA GANDHI SECONDARY SCHOOLS /

RABINDRANATH TAGORE SECONDARY SCHOOL

Second Term EXAMINATIONS 2017

BIOLOGY LOWER SIX SUB 9700

Paper 1 & 2 combined 1 hour 45 minutes

Multiple Choice and Structured Questions

Candidates answer on the Question Paper. 60 marks

No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your index number, class and name in the spaces provided at the top of the
page
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all questions.

Electronic calculators may be used.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate
units.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part
question

This question paper consists of 17 printed pages

© MGSS/RTSS [Turn over

 SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Choose the best answer and fill it in the grid provided at the end of this section.

1 The diagram shows a transverse section through a blood capillary.

What is the magnification of the drawing?

A X 200 B X 245 C X 500 D X 5000

2 A culture of human cells had its cell surface membranes removed, releasing the cell con-
tents.

This material became contaminated by bacteria.

The material was then centrifuged, separating out the various cell structures according to
size and mass.

Which cell structure would be separated out along with the bacteria?

A endoplasmic reticulum
B mitochondria
C nuclei
D ribosomes

3 Which parts of a cell contain ribosomes?

1 chloroplast
2 mitochondrion
3 nucleus
4 cytoplasm

A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 3 only C 1, 2 and 4 only D 3 and 4 only

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4 The electron micrograph shows part of two eukaryotic cells.

Which features are also found in prokaryotes?

A W only B X only C X and Y only D W, X and Y

5 Which of the structures are found in photosynthetic prokaryotes?

1 cell surface membrane
2 cellulose wall
3 ribosomes
4 chloroplasts

A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 3 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 4 only

6 In order to estimate the quantity of glucose in a solution, equal volumes of a range of

known concentrations were mixed with equal excess volumes of Benedict’s solution and
placed in a thermostatically controlled water-bath at 90 0C for the same length of time.

The unknown solution was then treated in the same way and the colours of the known and
unknown solutions compared.

What is the independent variable in this procedure?

A concentration of glucose
B final colour of solutions
C temperature of water-bath
D volumes of glucose solutions

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7 What cannot occur as a result of a condensation reaction?

A breaking of a glycosidic bond

B formation of a disaccharide
C joining together two amino acids
D production of a molecule of water

8 Which pair of monosaccharides forms sucrose?

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9 The diagram shows the relationship between different polysaccharides and the glycosidic
bonds formed between the monomers.

Which row is correct?

10 The diagrams show some of the types of bond in fatty acids.

Which row shows the bonds found in each type of molecule?

11 What could describe the tertiary structure of a protein?

1 α-helix
2 a globular structure
3 the specific order of amino acids
4 a specific three-dimensional (3D) shape

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 2 and 4 only D 3 and 4

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12 Following a heart attack, the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase leaks into the blood plasma
from damaged heart muscle.

Which steps are required to obtain an estimate of lactate dehydrogenase activity in a sam-
ple of blood plasma?

13 Two experiments were carried out using an enzyme from humans. The first experiment,
X, was carried out at a constant temperature of 37 ÅãC. During the second experiment, the
temperature was increased from 37 0C to 80 0C. All other factors were kept the same.

Which graph shows the results?

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14 Which molecules are found at the outer surface of a cell surface membrane?
cholesterol glycolipids phospholipids

15 Which substances can pass directly through cell surface membranes without using a
carrier protein or channel protein?
1 CO2
2 Ca2+ and Na+
3 H2O

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 3 D 2 only

16 Which statements about the proteins in cell surface membranes are correct?
1 They can be involved in active transport and facilitated diffusion.
2 They can be involved in antigen recognition.
3 They have hydrophilic R groups to interact with the inner portion of the membrane.

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

17 Which row is correct for a human cell just before the cell enters prophase of mitosis?

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18 Which event is part of the mitotic cell cycle?
A anaphase
B cytokinesis
C DNA replication
D interphase

19 A method called freeze-fracture can be used to study the structure of cell membranes.

The membrane is frozen and then split down the middle, separating the two layers of phos-
pholipids from each other. Any proteins contained within one layer remain in that layer. Pro-
teins which span the membrane can be found in either layer after freeze-fracture, depend-
ing on the properties of the protein.
Which statement about the results of freeze-fracture studies are correct?

1 It provides evidence for the bilayer nature of membranes.

2 It provides evidence for the arrangement of proteins.
3 It shows that the proteins in the membrane do not contribute to its strength.

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1 only

20. The stalk of a dandelion flower is a hollow tube. Pieces of the stalk are cut as shown
and placed in sucrose solutions of different water potentials.

Which diagram shows the piece that is placed in the sucrose solution with the highest water
potential?

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MCQ Answer grid
1
2
3
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[20 marks]

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 SECTION B
Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

1 Fig. 1.1 is an electron micrograph of a mitochondrion.

Fig. 1.1
(a) State the function of mitochondria.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) Name structure A.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(c) Calculate the magnification of the image in Fig. 1.1.
Show your working.

magnification X ........................................................... [3]

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(d) Explain why the light microscope could not be used to produce the image in Fig. 1.1.
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(e) Scientists think that mitochondria were once prokaryotes. The evidence for this is that
mitochondria have features in common with prokaryotes.
State two features that mitochondria have in common with prokaryotes.
1. ..............................................................................................................................................
2. ..........................................................................................................................................[2]
[Total: 8]

2 Fig. 2.1 shows an incomplete diagram of the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure. The
diagram shows the cell surface membrane of a eukaryotic cell.

Fig. 2.1
(a) State what is meant by the term fluid mosaic.
..................................................................................................................................................
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..............................................................................................................................................[2]

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(b) State the thickness of a cell surface membrane.
..............................................................................................................................................[1]
(c) List four features of cell surface membranes of eukaryotic cells that are not visible in Fig.
6.1.
1 ...............................................................................................................................................
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2 ...............................................................................................................................................
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3 ...............................................................................................................................................
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4 ...............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................[4]
[Total: 7]

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3 Fig. 3.1 shows plant cells in stages of mitosis.

Fig. 3.1
(a) Individual chromosomes cannot be seen in the cell at the start of prophase. Changes to
the chromatin occur so that by late prophase chromosomes are clearly visible.
(i) Outline what occurs during early prophase so that chromosomes become visible in late
prophase.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………[1]
(ii) Describe the structure of the chromosome in late prophase.
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(b) State two differences between the chromosome at metaphase and the chromosome at
late anaphase.
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………[2]
(c) One of the functions of a plant hormone known as cytokinin is to act as a cell signalling
molecule and promote cytokinesis.
Suggest how cytokinin acts as a cell signalling molecule.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………….[4]
[Total: 9]

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4 Fig. 4.1 shows the structure of the enzyme lysozyme.

Fig. 4.1
(a) (i) Name the two types of covalent bond in the structure in Fig. 4.1.
……………………………………………………….………………………………………………[2]
(ii) The primary structure of lysozyme is shown in Fig. 4.1.
Explain the meaning of the term primary structure.
..................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................[1]

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(b) Lysozyme hydrolyses the β-1,4 glycosidic bonds present in compounds found in bacter-
ial cell walls.
(i) State what is meant by the term hydrolysis.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………[1]
(ii) Suggest the type of biological molecule which is the substrate for lysozyme.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………[1]
(iii) Lysozyme uses the induced fit mechanism.
Explain the mode of action of an enzyme that uses the induced fit mechanism.
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..............................................................................................................................................[4]
(c) In human tears and saliva, lysozyme acts as an extracellular enzyme.
State what is meant by the term extracellular.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………[1]

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(d) Fig. 4.2 shows the results of an investigation into the effect of substrate concentration
on the rate of reaction catalysed by lysozyme.

Fig. 4.2
Use Fig. 4.2 to:
(i) state the lowest substrate concentration to give the maximum rate of reaction, Vmax

…………………………………………………………………………………………….…………[1]
(ii) determine the Michaelis-Menten constant, Km.

Km = …………………………………………………………………………………………………[1]

(e) The investigation was repeated in the presence of a competitive inhibitor of lysozyme.
Draw a curve on Fig. 4.2 to show the expected results.
[2]
[Total: 13]

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