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4 T
UNIT 1 Identity 5 F Iris recognition is used.
6 F The speaker believes the use of biometric information
is the most reliable way to identify people. He doesn’t
Vocabulary preview say it is likely to increase.
1 a 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 b 6 a 7 a 8 a
Vocabulary skill
LISTENING 1 Life events 1
related to: structural
Global listening capable of: attainable, manageable
state or result: information, recognition, variation,
1 verification
interviewee 1: marriage quality of: nationality, probability, reliability
interviewee 2: making the swim team/becoming a school
athlete 2
interviewee 3: getting a driver’s license 1 national 4 information
interviewee 4: discovering a new talent/skill/hobby 2 probability 5 flexibility
3 verification
2
Students’ own answers
Grammar
Close listening 1
1 T A: but, or
2 F (2-children) B: whereas
3 F (all summer) A: so, while
4 T B: rather than
5 T 2
6 F (some talked about defining moments) Students’ own answers
Speaking skill
LISTENING 2 Beyond the ID card
1
Global listening 1 You’re kidding!
2 I can’t believe it.
1 3 It was a guy you didn’t recognize?
1 All except for student ID, and face scan.
4 That sounds interesting.
2
1 Biometrics is the measurement and analysis of a unique Pronunciation skill
feature of a person 1
2 Photo IDs can be lost or stolen. 1 What / do identification cards tell us / about who
3 biometric someone is?
2 An ID card from India / will include / about 16
Close listening personal details.
1 3 I hope to be / a skillful doctor / some day.
1 c 2 a, d 3 c 4 c 5 d 6 b 4 The lab used several samples / before they got a good
match.
2 5 The patterns in the iris of the eye / are unique to every
1 T person.
2 T
3 F We all share about 99% of the same DNA features,
only a small amount of DNA features vary from person
to person.
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2
Possible answer:
LISTENING 1 The inventions of Arthur
We all /have hopes and dreams. Part of achieving a Pedrick
dream/, for example,/ becoming a civil engineer,/ is being
able to envision your future self/ in that identity. One Global listening
consideration is /your skills and abilities. Evaluate/ what
you can do now, / what you know, and what skills and 1
knowledge/ you still need to learn /to attain your goal. 1 c 2 a 3 a
Then make a plan/ for how to learn/ what you need to 2
know. Your plan/ will help you feel/ in touch with your 1 Not used 4 Not used
future identity.
2 b 5 Not used
3 c 6 a
UNIT 2 Design Close Listening
2, 3, and 6. They are rhetorical because although they are
Vocabulary preview questions there is no expected answer to them.
1
1 6
2
devices
invention 7
research
genetically modified
LISTENING 2 Patents for living creatures
3 solutions 8 creative
Global listening
4 benefits 9 patent
5 industries 1
b
2
2
1 noun - machines or pieces of equipment that do a
1 c 2 a 3 b 4 e 5 d
particular thing
2 noun - a machine, tool, or system that someone has
Close listening
made, designed, or thought of for the first time
3 noun - ways to solve a problem or to deal with a bad 1
situation 1 host
4 noun – advantages you get from a situation 2 spokesperson
5 noun - the people and organizations involved in 3 member of a trade association
producing goods 4 science journalist
6 noun - the detailed study of something in order to
discover new facts, especially in a university or scientific 2
institution 1 no clear position 3 oppose
7 adjective - a genetically modified plant or animal has 2 support 4 no clear position
had its genetic structure changed in order to make it
more suited to a particular purpose Vocabulary skill
8 adjective - involving a lot of imagination and new ideas 1
9 noun - an official document that gives someone who 1 invention, inventor; inventive
has invented something the legal right to make or 2 patent; patented
sell that invention for a particular period of time, and
3 solve
prevents anyone else from doing so
4 genetic
5 concern; concerned
2
1 inventor, invented 4 invention
2 patented 5 genetic
3 concerned 6 solution
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3
1 look 4 guess UNIT 3 Thought
2 shower 5 think
3 laugh 6 word
Vocabulary preview
Grammar 1
1 instinct 5 reasoning
1 2 accurate 6 researcher
1 The person who invented the zipper must be very rich
3 lie detector 7 experiment
by now.
4 behavior 8 automatically
2 The salmon that they developed grows twice as fast as a
normal fish.
3 The company is developing a new phone that/which
runs on solar power. LISTENING 1 Catching lies in the brain
4 There is a genetically-modified tomato which (it) has
genes from a fish to resist cold. Global listening
5 Companies (that) are suing each other over patents 1
more and more these days. Summary 2
2 2
1 that/which; b 4 that/which; a at the beginning of the report
2 that/which; c 5 who; d
3 who; e Close listening
3 1
Sentence 2 – it’s an object relative clause 1 F 2 T 3 T 4 F 5 F 6 T 7 T
Pronunciation skill
1 strong 3 weak LISTENING 2 Animal intelligence
2 weak 4 strong
Global listening
Speaking skill 1
1 b, d, e, and g
1 example of 3 one example 2
2 is a, example 4 is, example intelligent: sentences b, g
not intelligent: sentence d, e
Vocabulary skill
STUDY SKILLS Taking notes effectively
Scenario 1
Answers will vary but possible answers include: don’t try do: business, an experiment, a favor (for someone),
to write down every word, write down key phrases instead research, the right thing, your homework
of complete sentences, write down questions about points make: a decision, an exception, a mistake, a plan, progress,
she doesn’t understand. someone wonder
2
Consider it 1 doing 3 make 5 did
Ling already does: 2, 3. Tips that could help Ling: 1, 4, 5-7.
2 make 4 made 6 do
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Students’ own answers
SPEAKING TASK
Grammar Plan
1 1
a, b, d, e, and h
1 even though 4 After
2 while 5 while 3
3 Although Collective intelligence: sentences a, d, e, f, and h
2
Possible answers: UNIT 4 Fire
1 Scientists have learned a lot about the brain, though
there is much we still don’t know. / Though scientists Vocabulary preview
have learned a lot about the brain, there is much we
still don’t know. 1
2 Although some animals make tools, they are not as 1 a 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 b 6 b 7 a 8 b 9 a 10 b
sophisticated as human tools. / Some animals make
tools although they are not as sophisticated as human 2
tools. Students’ own answers
3 Before studying crows, researchers thought only
chimpanzees used tools.
4 Chimpanzees are very smart whereas other animals are
LISTENING 1 The discovery of fire
not as intelligent. / Whereas chimpanzees are very smart
other animals are not as intelligent. Global listening
1 Controlled use of fire means use in daily life for various
5 Many companies rely on lie detectors even though they
purposes
are not 100% accurate.
2 Four ways: warmth, protection, cooking food,
socializing
Speaking skill
3 Using fire to cook food; increased nutrition led to
1 people being healthier, living longer, having more
1 Since the fMRI actually looks inside your brain, it is variety in their daily diet
extremely accurate. 4 Using fire as an application of technology = using
2 Humans aren’t the only ones who use tools, as crows something to improve our lives
can also do this.
3 fMRI scanners are large and expensive, so they aren’t Close listening
widely used yet. 1 F 2 O 3 O 4 F 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 O 9 O
4 Polygraph tests aren’t accurate because some people can
lie without feeling stress.
5 Since animals can’t speak our language, it is difficult to LISTENING 2 Forest fires: friend or foe?
understand their minds.
6 The crow made a tool in nine out of ten tests, so it Global listening
probably wasn’t an accident. 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8
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3 The seeds are released after the fire. UNIT 5 Movement
4 The blue beetle lays eggs in the trees just after the fire.
5 The trees take longer to regrow than the slower-growing
plants.
Vocabulary preview
1
Vocabulary skill 1 global 4 trade
2 urbanizaton 5 migrants
1
1 a, b 2 b, c 3 a, b 4 a, c 5 a, b 6 b, c 3 route 6 rural
2 2
1 was cheated 4 doing great Students’ own answers
2 makes me very angry 5 exhausted
3 excited
LISTENING 1 Globalisation in history
Grammar
Global listening
1 The Silk road: 2, 4, 5
1 b 2 a 3 a 4 a The Columbian Exchange: 1, 3, 5
2 Today’s trade network: 1, 3, 5
1 Frankly, To be blunt, To be honest
2 Actually
Close listening
1 f 2 b 3 a 4 g 5 e 6 d 7 h 8 c
3 actually, in fact
4 Frankly, To be honest, Actually
Speaking skill
LISTENING 2 Urbanisation
1 Global listening
Oh by the way,
1
Anyway, as I was saying 1 a 2 b 3 b
Pronunciation 2
Students’ own answers
1
1 c 2 a 3 b
Close listening
1
STUDY SKILLS Reviewing notes 1 a, c, d
Scenario 2 b, c, d
These are the things Aida is doing well; reading over 3 a, b, c, d
her notes nightly, writing ? if her notes are unclear, and
reviewing before exams. The things she isn’t doing well 2
are not asking ask for help, studying alone, not looking 1 c, d
up information that is unclear to her and not revising her 2 b, d
notes or adding information so that notes are complete 3 b, c, d
and easy to follow
Vocabulary skill
1
1 adopted 5 ships
2 networks 6 produce
3 goods 7 illustrate
4 exports 8 issues
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2 Speaking skill
1 shipped 5 illustrated
2 produces, exports 6 adopt 1
3 good 7 issue 1
4 network Yes OK
I’m sorry I was wondering
3
adopt: to decide to start using a particular idea, plan, or 2
method (Ex. 1); to take someone else’s child into your Excuse me Can I ask
family and legally make him or her your own child (Ex. 2) Go ahead
network: a system of lines or similar things such as roads
or wires that are connected to each other (Ex. 1); a group
of people that are connected or that work together (Ex. 2) SPEAKING TASK
good(s): objects produced for sale (Ex. 1); advantage or
benefit (Ex. 2) Plan
export: a product that is sold to another country (noun) 1 They are presenting to peers in an academic
(Ex. 1); to send a product to another country so that it can presentation, to describe a city and its connection to
be sold there (verb) (Ex. 2) global systems
ship: a very large boat used for carrying people or goods 2 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.
long distances (Ex. 1); to send goods or people somehwere
by ship, air, or land (Ex. 2)
produce: fruit, vegetables, and other things that farmers UNIT 6 Disease
grow (Ex. 1); to make or grow something, especially in
large quantities and in order to be sold (Ex. 2)
illustrate: to show what something is like or to show that Vocabulary preview
something is true (Ex. 1); to draw the pictures in a book or 1 e 2 a 3 b 4 d 5 c 6 j 7 f 8 g 9 h 10 i
to put pictures in a book (Ex. 2)
issue: a subject that people discuss or argue about (Ex. 1);
a magazine that is published at a particular time (Ex. 2) LISTENING 1 Germ myths
Grammar Global listening
1 1
1 Can you tell me where you were born? 1 many diseases
2 I was wondering if you grew up in the countryside. 2 dangerous
3 I’d like to know what your favorite kind of foreign food 3 diseases spread
is. 4 always spreads dangerous germs
4 Can you tell me if you are interested in living in 5 loaded with germs that can cause diseases
another city or country? 6 ‘If you drop some food on the floor, but you pick it up
5 Do you know if you are going to move anywhere in the within five seconds, then it’s still OK to eat it’
next year?
2
6 Can you tell me if you have ever tried food from an 1 True 4 Myth
unusual place?
2 Myth 5 True
3 Myth 6 Myth
Pronunciation skill
2 Close listening
1 imported 6 increase 1 viruses 5 Many
2 import 7 project 2 bacteria 6 passenger
3 decrease 8 project 3 old 7 wet
4 decrease 9 contract 4 good
5 increasing 10
contracting
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UNIT 8 Drive 2
1 dramatically 4 help
2 make sure 5 identifies
Vocabulary preview 3 categorize 6 numerous
1 3
1 physiological 4 respect
Students’ own answers
2 motivation 5 hoard
3 possessions 6 self-esteem Grammar
2 1
Students’ own answers 1 the, the more 4 the, -er, the more
2 X, -er 5 The, the
3 X, -er
LISTENING 1 What makes some people
2
hoarders? Students’ own answers
Global listening 3
1,2, and 4 1 lower-paying
2 better-looking, better-educated
Close listening 3 more open-minded
1 b 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 a 6 b 7 a 8 a 9 b 10 b
4 higher-priority
5 more life-changing
LISTENING 2 The hierarchy of needs Pronunciation skill
Global listening 2
a, c, d, f, and g weak forms underlined, (strong forms in bold)
1 They have difficulties categorizing and making
Close listening decisions, as Dr. Taylor noted earlier
2 It wasn’t as hard as I’d thought it would be.
1
1 hierarchy 4 marriage 3 : I’ll write some needs for each level of the pyramid, and
2 food 5 respect you can suggest some, as well.
3 job security 6 fit 4 That’s as basic as you can get.
5 If you’re a painter, you want to be as good as you can.
2 6 There’s also the need to help the group as a whole
1 d 2 a 3 b 4 c 5 h 6 g 7 e 8 f succeed.
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1 Speaking skill
1 address 4 pension
2 planet 5 demographic 1
3 century 6 overpopulation 1 call, mean 3 word, mean
2 it, when
2
LISTENING 1 A rapidly aging population 1 century 4 polar ice caps
2 trend 5 terraforming
Global listening 3 pension 6 greenhouse gases
Problems: 2 and 3
Solutions: b, d, e
Pronunciation skill
2 1
2 b, d 3 e
1 S 2 C 3 S
Close listening 2
Statements 4 and 5 are probably true Students’ own answers
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