CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION

1. CLEARING AND GRUBBING

1.1 The building site shall be leveled according to the

plans and clear all area above the natural ground surface of all
vegetable growth and cut timber and timber growth so that no
stump extends above ground surface more than 6-inches.
1.2 Carry out grubbing operations to a depth of 0.5 m below
the natural surface or 1.5 m below the finished surface level,
whichever is the lower.
1.3 Stockpile all material free of roots, vines, branches,
and the like that may be used as unclassified backfill.

2. EARTHWORKS

2.1 Excavation
a. Footing excavation shall be dug to the exact width
and depth and levels as indicated in the drawings.
b. Whenever water is encountered in the excavation
process, it shall be removed by bailing or pumping.
c. No excavation or foundation work shall be filled in
or covered up before the inspection and approval of the Project
Engineer.

2.2 Backfill
a. The work shall consist of filling for construction
of embankment and include furnishing, placing, compacting and
shaping materials obtained in accordance to lines, levels,
grades and dimensions shown on the drawings.
b. Backfill and fills shall be placed in layers not
exceeding 150mm in thickness, and each layer shall be thoroughly
compacted by wetting, tamping and rolling.
2.3 Gravel Base
A bed of 4” screened gravel, use a straight edge or
line level to make sure that gravel base is flat.

3. CONCRETE WORKS

3.1 Storage
a. Cement bags should be placed closely together in
the stack to reduce circulation of air as much as possible.
b. All cement shall be stored on platforms and
protected from weather.
c. All concrete works shall be done in accordance with
the standard specifications for plain and reinforced
concrete as adopted by the Government.
3.2 Cement
Cement, to be used shall be Republic Portland Plus or
any other equivalent brands more readily available in the
locality. which must meet the requirements of Portland
cements.

3.3 Mixture
a. The following proportions of concrete mixtures
shall be used for the various parts of the building:
Columns and footings - Class A (1:2:4)
Concrete Hollow Block Footings - Class B (1:2-1/2:5)
Reinf. Conc. Beams and Slabs - Class A (1:2:4)
Concrete slab foot on fill - Class C (1:3:6)

b. Class A concrete shall be a mixture of 1 part

cement, 2 parts fine aggregate and 4 parts coarse aggregate
by volume, plus enough clean water to make the mixture into
a pliable paste.
c. Class B concrete shall be a mixture of 1 part
cement, 2-1/2 parts fine aggregate and 5 parts of coarse
aggregate by volume, plus enough clean water to make the
mixture into a pliable paste.
d. Class C concrete shall be a mixture of 1 part of
cement, 3 parts fine aggregate and 6 parts coarse aggregate
by volume, plus enough clean water to make the mixture into
pliable paste.
e. Mixers, which have been out of use for more than 30
minutes, shall be thoroughly cleaned before fresh concrete
is mixed.
f. The mixing time of concrete is not less than 60
seconds for 1.5 cu.m. mixer capacity and not less than 90
seconds for more than 1.5 cu.m. mixer capacity. Interval of
placing the concrete shall not be so long allowing the
concrete in place to harden partially.

3.4 Placement
a. For pouring of concrete for columns, the Contractor
shall use drop chute with a maximum drop height of 1.50
meters or less.
b. For pouring of concrete for slab, the Contractor
shall execute the placing direction with backward movement.
c. Concrete slab on fill with 100 mm thick shall be
poured on gravel bed and shall be placed with the 10mm
diameter Reinforcement Steel Bar (RSB) spaced at 400mm both
ways.
 d. When placing on a nearly horizontal surface,
placing shall start at the lower end of the surface to
avoid decompaction of concrete.
e. Concrete shall not be placed during rain. However, in
dry weather, covers shall be provided for all fresh
concrete surfaces, which are not being worked on. Water
shall not be added to concrete for any reason.
3.5 Compaction
Concrete shall be fully compacted throughout the full
extent of the placed layer. It shall be thoroughly worked
against the formwork and around any reinforcement and other
embedded item, without displacing them. Care shall be taken
at arises or other confined spaces. Successive layers of
the same pour shall be thoroughly worked together.
3.6 Curing
The contractor shall provide a suitable form of shading to
prevent the direct rays of the sun reaching the concrete
surfaces for at least the first four days of the curing
period. Curing shall be continued for as long as may be
necessary to achieve the above objectives but not less than
7 days until the concrete is covered by successive
construction whichever is the shortest period.

4. STEELWORKS

4.1 Steel Reinforcement

All steel reinforcing bars to be used shall be Pag-asa
Steel rebar. The reinforcements shall have no crack, scale
or rust or foreign particles that will destroy or reduce
the bond. All reinforcing steel bars shall be accurately
bent and formed to the dimension indicated in the Drawings.
Binding wire used to bind reinforcements shall be annealed
galvanized binding wire of Gauge #16.
No metal reinforcement shall be installed in place
unless it is free from rust, scale or other coatings, which
will destroy or reduce the bond with concrete.

4.2 Storage
Store bars of different classes, sizes and lengths
separately to facilitate issues in such sizes and lengths
so as to minimize wastage in cutting from standard lengths.
If reinforcement bars have to be stored for a long period,
then stack it above ground level by at least 150 mm to
avoid distortions.
 4.3 Bending
The minimum bending of bars for 10mm to 25 mm is bend
plus 5 times the bar diameter, for 180 degrees bend and
bend plus 6 times the bar diameter, and for 90 degrees bend
extended up to 12 times bar diameter. For stirrups and tie
hooks, the minimum bending of bars is bend plus 10 times
the bar diameter.
4.4 Fixing Reinforcement
The minimum concrete cover to protect all
reinforcements for each different structure is as follows:
1. Footing, footing tie beams – 75 mm
2. Beams and columns (to stirrups & ties) – 40 mm
3. Suspended slab -- 20 mm

5. MASONRY WORKS

5.1 All units shall be sound and free of cracks or

other defects that interfere with the proper placement of
the unit or significantly impair the strength or permanence
of the construction.
5.2 All exterior concrete hollow blocks to be used
shall be at least 150 mm thick, while concrete hollow
blocks for interior walls unless otherwise indicated, shall
be 100 mm thick. For interior CHB walls were plumbing pipes
and fittings shall be located, the thickness shall be at
least 150 mm.
5.3 The concrete hollow block walls shall be filled
with cement mortar consisting of 1 part Portland cement and
3 parts sand by the volume. They shall be reinforced with
round deformed bars, 10 mm diameter spaced not more than
600mm on both vertical and horizontal bars.
5.4 The mixture of cement plaster for concrete hollow
block wall finshes indicated in the drawing shall be 1 part
cement, 1 part time and 3 parts sand.
5.5 After being removed from the mold, the CHB shall
be covered with plastic sheet or tarpaulin and kept damp
and shaded for atleast 7 days in order to effectively cure.
This can be achieved by continually spraying them with
water.

6.TILEWORKS
6.1 The toilet and bathroom floors shall be finished
with 200mm x 200mm ceramic tiles The walls of the toilets,
bathrooms, top of kitchen cabinets, and laundry tub, and
their adjacent walls shall be wainscoted with 200mm x 200mm
ceramic tiles.
 6.2 Before the tiles and mouldings are laid in place,
they shall be thoroughlysoaked in water if recommended by
the manufacturer. Mortar to be used in settingthe tiles and
moldings shall be a mixture of 1 part cement and 2 parts
sand by volume.
6.3 After the tiles have been adherent on the surface,
the surface should be fulfilled. After fulfilling the
surface, no shaking or knock before the material has been
connected. With the surface in the open air, and the
joining material is mortar, the method of covering to
prevent raining will be done at least from 1 to 3 days. If
the tiling surface is in the open air and not being
indicated in the drawing, the width of gap compensation
joint will be 2cm and being inserted with elastoplastic
material.

7. CEILING

7.1 Lumber shall be well seasoned, thoroughly dry and

free from loose or unsound knots, shakes or other
imperfections impairing its strength or appearance.
7.2 Prior to enclosure of ceiling, all dimension,
alignment of nailers or metal frames, material
specifications, complete installation of sanitary/plumbing
and electro-mechanical rough-ins and properly anchored to
the carrying metal channel/wood runner are complied.
7.3 The ceiling boards shall be ¼” thick plywood or
3.5mm thick hardiflex, free of damages and to be fixed to
the framing in perfect line and level. The finished surface
shall be smooth and true to plane and curved as required.
Once laying of ceiling is completed, the dust and floors
are cleaned for the painting works.
7.4 Use 3/4” thick plyboard for with edging, 1” x 3”
wood cornice and 1” x 4” baseboard.

8. FORMWORKS AND SCAFFOLDS

8.1 Formwork shall be constructed of timber, sheet

metal or other approved material. Ties shall be of the rod
and cone or other approved proprietary type. Ties for use
in water-retaining structures 300mm thick or less shall
incorporate a diaphragm not less than 50mm dia. welded to
the midpoint of the tie, designed to prevent water passing
along the tie. 13.2.4.2 Design and layout of formwork : The
design and construction of formwork shall take account of
safety and of the surface finish required. The formwork
shall be sufficiently rigid and tight to prevent loss of
 grout or mortar from the fresh concrete or the formation of
fins or other blemishes on the concrete.
8.2 Use of Bamboo scaffolding, wooden planks & manila/
coir rope is strictly prohibited.
8.3 Steel scaffolding should be erected and used in
accordance with manufacturer's recommendations, proper
seating and locking of all connections, using the
corrective devices. No scaffold shall be erected, moved,
dismantled, or altered except under the supervision of
competent persons and by competent workmen possessing
adequate experience of such work under valid permit. All
materials for any scaffold shall be inspected by competent
person on each occasion before using.

9. PAINTING
9.1 All painting materials shall be delivered on site
intact in the original drums or tins and shall be mixed and
applied strictly in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions and to the approval of the Engineer. All latex
and enamel paints shall be applied by brush.
9.2 All painting work for this project, except has
herein after specifed, shall be done with the use of Davies
paint products. The painting contractor shall supply all
labor, paint materials, tools staging and equipment
necessary, and shall perform all painting and finishing
works as for this project.
9.3 The painting contractor shall store his materials
in one place in the building to be kept neat and clean. Any
damage thereto, or its surrounding shall be made good care,
care being taken storage of paints, oil, etc. Oily rags shall
be kept in metal containers and shall be removed from
building everyday upon the stopping of works.
9.4 Before painting is done, all surfaces shall be
cleaned, smooth and freed from dust. dirt, grease, mortar,
rust and other foreign substances and all paint shall be
spread evenly and carefully.
9.5 No painting shall be done on outside work on cold
or damp weather.

10. HARDWARES
10.1 All loose pin hinges, all bronze fnished shall be
used for all doors. Provide three hinges on each door
concealed hinges shall be used for kitchen, cabinet and
 closet. All cabinet doors shall be provided with catches,
cabinets with pullers and hook.
10.2 Hardwares and fittings for louver windows shall
be galvanized-plated steel with rotor-operators.

11. DOORS AND WINDOWS

11.1 Doors And Jambs

Doors and door frames shall conform to the sizes,
designs and kind of materials shown in the details of
doors, schedule of doors or as per the bill of materials.
All wooden doors shall be hung on at least 3 pieces of
102mm x 102mm (4"x4") loose-pin bearing template hinges.
Door locksets to be used shall be installed 1024mm from the
finished floor line. Rails and rollers for the sliding
doors are to be used.
11.2 Steel Windows
Steel windows to be used in this project shall conform
to the size and designs shown in the detail drawings or
schedule of steel windows, or as per the bill of materials.
11.3 Jalousie Windows
Jalousie windows to be installed shall conform to the
detail drawings or schedule of jalousie windows, or as
shown in the bill of materials. Glass jalousie slats shall
be 5.5mm thick x 100mm wide. Use frosted glass blades for
all bedroom areas and clear glass slats for all other
rooms. Glass jalousie windows shall be provided with
aluminum screens. Wrought iron grilles using at least 12mm
square steel bars shall be installed on all jalousie
windows.

12. ROOFING
12.1 The contractor shall provide all items, articles
materials operation, or method listed, mentioned all
schedules on the drawings and/or herein, including all
labor, materials, equipment and incidental necessary as
required for their completion.
12.2 Roofing shall be pre-painted GA 26 sheet approved
by the contractor. Roofing accessories shall be made of
material as per installation procedures specified by the
manufacturer.
12.3 Ridge rolls, hip rolls and valleys to be used
shall be pre-pointed long-span roofing sheets. They shall
lap the roofing sheets at least 250mm. The ridge rolls, hip
rolls and valleys shall be riveted to the roofing sheets,
in addition to the rivets engaging the GI straps in
securing theroofing sheets to the purlins. All roofing
 sheets adjacent to concrete hollow block and other masonry
wallssuch as at property line firewalls, shall be provided
w3ith Gauge No. 26 plain GI flashing to extend up to the
top and over to the other side of the wall.
11.4 All rivets shall be placed at the top of the
corrugations of the roofing sheets to prevent water from
standing around the rivets

13. ELECTRICAL WORKS

12.1 The electrical installation shall be done in

accordance with the approved plans and under the direct
supervision and control of a Professional Electrical
Engineer and or Registered Electrical Engineer.
13.2 All electrical works and materials shall conform
to the provisions of the latest edition of the Philippine
National Electrical Code. The electrical wiring shall be
installed through PVC electrical conduit, fittings and
appurtenances that conform with ISO dimensions.
13.3 The type of electrical services to be supplied to
the building shall be 240W, AC single phase or three phase.
There shall only one service to be dropped from the nearest
or local electrical company pole for the proposed building.
Electrical lightings shall be fluorescent lamp with
mirrorized diffuser, lamp post at the roofdeck and
downlights or covelights at hallways.
13.4 Electric wires for light and power shall not be
smaller than 3.5sqmm (No.12), 600V insulation. Electrical
materials to be used for the electrical installation shall
be as follows: Automation Circuit Breaker Flush Wall
Switches, Convenience - GE Brand or its equivalent Wires
and Conductors - Columbia brand or its equivalent The spare
circuit shall be provided with an empty PVC pipe size 19mm
diameter which should extend at least 300 mm above the
ceiling line. The grounding wires shall be color coded for
easy identification.

14. PLUMBING WORKS

14.1 All plumbing works for this project shall be done in

accordance with the approved plans and under the direct
supervision and control of a Master Plumber.
14.2 The plumbing installation shall conform with the
provisions of National Plumbing Code and the rules and
regulations enforced on the locality. Install soil, waste,
drain and vent pipes, install water pipes, fittings and
connection. The plumbing fixtures and accessories to be
provided and installed shall be as follows: Water closet -
Saniwares or its equivalent Lavatory - Saniwares or its
equivalent Kitchen Sink - Saniwares or its equivalent
Piping for drain, waste and vent shall be done using Moldex
Sanimold or its equivalent PVC push-on system.
14.3 For the in-house water supply installation,
Moldex Blue or its equivalent PVC pipes and fittings shall
be used. Soap Holder - Saniwares or its equivalent Toilet
Paper Holder - Saniwares or its equivalent Floor Drain -
Size 100mm (4” x 4”) In the absence of sanitary sewer
system of sewage disposal in the locality, a standard
septic vault shall be constructed as shown in the drawings.