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CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

Chapter 3 explain on all the variables that have influences towards each other. In short,

independent variables will affect the behavior of dependent variables. It also will emphasis all the

method used for this study comprised data collection, data sources, research framework,

hypothesis construction and the statistic method used.

3.1 Research Design

This section explains about the research design chosen for the research. It purpose are to

gather the clearest clarification pertaining to the problem as well reduce the uncertainty about

bullying factor. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis between independent variable

and dependent variable. This study are using description studies which describe the characteristics

of a population or phenomenon by determines the answers to how, what and who questions that

we mentioned in questionnaire.

Type of investigation for the studies are based on three approaches; clarification,

correlational and causal. Since the studies are using descriptive research, it will often follow this

path. This study will be conduct with minimal interference from researcher. The researcher

gathered the data just once in order to meet research objective.

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The investigation of this study is carried out in correlational research to test the relationship and

significant of the relationship. Correlation cross-sectional designs were used to answer the research

questions (Burns & Groove, 1997, Polit & Beck, 2006)

3.2 Population

Population is all the individuals or units of interest; typically, there is not available data for

almost all individuals in a population (Bret Hanlon & Bret Larget, 2011). The population for this

study is all student of Human Resources Management from Faculty of Business Management in

UiTM Puncak Alam from part 1 until part 4. and the total number population is 336 students

according to total number of students obtained from Students Academic Affair of faculty of

Business Management in UiTM Puncak Alam .

3.3 Sample Size

According to Burmeister, Elizabeth, Aitken and Leanne (2012), sample size is one element

of research design that investigators need to consider as they plan their study. Number of units of

the population are needed in order to know the sampling size. In order to get better result, the

number of sampling size must be high in number. Since the population is 336 students, according

to Krejcie and Morgan, the sample size needed is 181 students which we have decided from Part

1 until Part 4 students as our respondents.

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3.4 Sampling Frame

Sampling frame is the means of physically representing the population. In this research,

we obtain the data of the list of Student of Human Resources Management from Student Academic

Affairs of Faculty of Business Management in UiTM Puncak Alam.

3.5 Sampling Technique

For the sampling technique, researcher chooses convenience sampling technique which is

a non-probability sampling method. This is a type of sampling technique which involves sample

are being selected from the part of population that are close to hand.. According to Sekaran &

Bougie (2014), convenience sampling is most often used during the exploratory phase of research

project and the best way of getting some basic information quickly and efficiently.

3.6 Unit of Analysis

The unit of analysis refers to the level of aggregation of the data collected during

subsequent data analysis stage (Sekaran and Bougie, 2013). The unit of analysis of this research

will be individual unit.

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3.7 Data Collection Procedures

Data collection is “a systematic way of gathering information, which is relevant to the

research purpose or questions” (Burns & Grove 1997:383). . Student from part 1 until part 4 of

Human Resource Management in Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Puncak Alam that can easily

or accidentally met by researcher will be selected as respondents because it is readily available and

convenient for researcher to distribute and collect the questionnaire.

The sets of questionnaire that researcher distribute are 200 sets of questionnaire to the students.

The questionnaire was used for collecting data. It consists of five sections which are section A,

section B, section C, section D and section E. It consists of 1 nominal scale and 4 interval scale.

Participation of respondent in the study are not voluntarily since the questionnaire were distributed

to them by researcher.

The respondents were given 3 days to complete the questionnaire and researcher will collect the

questionnaire that had been completed.

The quantity of questionnaire distributed and collected will be measures to know the percentage

of respondents that are going to be evaluate by researcher. Researchers will screen the

questionnaire and reject any incomplete questionnaire to collect the data.

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3.8 Instruments

The study use a set of questionnaire as an instrument for data collection. The

questionnaire was divided into four sections. The first four section which are section A, section

B, section C, and section D was adopted from (DitchTheLabel.org and The Annual Bullying

Survey, 2015) while section E was cited by (Mynard, & Joseph, 2000).

3.8.1 Section A: Demographic scale

The demographic factor scale is designed to gain information on various demographic

variables such as age, gender, marital status, number of siblings and race. Using nominal scale.

3.8.2 Section B: Appearance

This scale required respondent to express their opinion and experience on how appearance

of bully-victim and bullying are related to each other. Using Likert scale which are strongly

disagree, disagree, agree and strongly agree.

3.8.3 Section C: Social Status

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 This scale required respondent to express their opinion and experience on how social status

of bully-victim and bullying are related to each other. Using Likert scale which are strongly

disagree, disagree, agree and strongly agree.

3.8.4 Section D: Individual Characteristics

This scale required respondent to express their opinion and experience on how individual

characteristic of bully-victim and bullying are related to each other. Using Likert scale which are

strongly disagree, disagree, agree and strongly agree.

3.8.5 Section E: Bullying

Bullying factor scale is designed to gain general information and experience on various

bullying variables such as appearance, social status and individual characteristics. We are using

Using Likert scale which are strongly disagree, disagree, agree and strongly agree for this type of

question.

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SUMMARY OF QUESTIONNAIRE

Section Dimensions Authors No of Items

A Demographic scale 5
(DitchTheLabel.org
and The Annual
Bullying Survey,
2015)

B Appearance 5
(DitchTheLabel.org
and The Annual
Bullying Survey,
2015)

C Social Status 6
(DitchTheLabel.org
and The Annual
Bullying Survey,
2015)

D Individual 5
Characteristics (DitchTheLabel.org
and The Annual
Bullying Survey,
2015)

E Bullying (Mynard, & 9

Joseph, 2000)

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