HYDROELECTRIC

DAM MODEL 
By

Samaphoo Assametnakul   ID 5961068

Panicha Chaiwichaynant   ID 5961167

Nattawan Ekakkaravichit   ID 5961216

Bhu Koosongdham             ID 5961073

Sakornchan Mattariganont ID 5961143

Section 1104

MAY 30, 2018  

Mahidol University International demonstration school

LAB REPORT FOR QUARTER 4 PHYSIC PROJECT

MR. GOPINATH SUBRAMANIAN
Abstract:
Based on the physic lesson we have learned about energy transformation.
The law of conservation of energy state that the energy cannot be destroyed but
instead change their form. Energy transformation always happens in our daily life
which includes the production of electricity. We choose to show the method of
kinetic energy transforming into an electrical energy in the hydroelectric dam.
This will demonstrate one of the methods of how we produce electricity in real life
and make us understand more deeply about energy transformations.

Objective:
The group objective is to study and demonstrate the concept of energy
transformation by showing the water turbine that can generate electric power.
The electricity that generates from the turbine will then be used for making the
LED light work as an evidence that the model show energy transformation.

Hypothesis:
The concept energy transformation state that its energy cannot be destroyed but
change form instead. Because of this concept we make a hypothesis believed
that if the water turbine circulates fast enough, then it will generate electrical
power.
Introduction:
The Law of conservation of energy stated that energy can’t be created or
destroyed, it can only be converted from one form to another. For example, when
we eat food, chemical energy from the food is converted into mechanical energy
for us to perform activities in each day. There are five main types of energy in the
world: kinetic energy, potential energy, chemical energy, electrical energy and
mechanical energy. One of the most important forms that we will be working on
is the ‘electrical energy.’ We need lights for visions during night time, require a
refrigerator to preserve our foods, and have to use electronic devices for doing
essential works. All of these activities need electricity. However, in the
conversion, some source of energy is considered exhaustible or is limited, these
sources include fossil fuel, coal, and natural gases. Hence, people try to use
different sources such as water, wind, and sunlight, which are considered
inexhaustible, for the long-term usage. In this project, we chose to demonstrate
the converting of energy from water, or is called the“hydroelectricity.”

Hydroelectricity dam is one type of human technique that used water kinetic
energy to produce electricity. Human usually built the hydroelectric dam in canal,
river, and sea that used the continuous flow of water to produce unlimited
electricity. For an example of some famous hydroelectric dam, there are
Bhumibol Dam (Thailand), Tehri Dam (India), Grand Coulee (Us.), Cruachan
Dam (British). Form this example we can see that all countries around the world
use a hydroelectric dam to produce electricity for their own country. This is why
our group choose to study about this topic

Our project is a model of the water turbine which shows the conversion of
several types of energy, starts from the kinetic energy of the water, which is, in
the form of mechanical energy when it pushes and gives movement to the
turbine. When the turbine is turning, magnetic energy is created before it is
converted into the electrical energy. The model precisely shows the production of
electrical energy of dams and water turbines.
Material

1.Fish Tank 2.LED circuit board 3.Wire

4.Water pump 5.Water turbine 7x11 6.Motor

7.Hose 8.PVC pipe 9.Wood board

Method(Procedure)
1.Sketch the model outline
2.List and prepare the materials
3.Cut wood plank into two pieces
4.Drill a hole in one of the planks
5.Cut PVC into four small pieces
6.Glue PVC pieces in the tank
7.Connect motor with the water wheel, placing a
wood plank in between them
8.Put the motor and water wheel in the tank,
above the PVCs.
9.Put the wood planks beside the wheel
10.Calculate the total input power and output of
the system
11.Wire the LED light to the motor
12.Cut hose into a shorter piece
13.Connect hose to the pump
14.Stick the pump inside the tank, then put
another end of the hose inside the hole of the
wood plank
15.Fill water inside the tank
16.Turn on the Pump
Result

As our result, The water turbine really did spin because of the water pump.
The turbine spin fast enough to generate a good amount of electricity of
26.5 Volt. We need a total 12 Volt of electricity to make the LED light
works. That means them is plenty of electricity to make the LED light
works.
Because there is plenty of energy produced the light work properly without
any multifunction. We successfully produced an electrical energy that gets
from energy transformation from kinetic energy. The LED light working is
an evidence that proves the success of the project.
Discussion
This is the analysis of the lab result which will include failures and
successes we came across during the building of the creation of hydraulic
water turbine. After the making of the hydraulic water turbine, we were
expected to generate electricity that can really be used in making the LED
light work.

At first, We decided to use a board as a base for holding the motor and the
water turbine. Unfortunately, after filling the fish tank with water the wood
board swelled and as a result, we need to change the design of the model.

We finally decided to use a PVC tube instead. This is because the PVC
doesn’t absorb water and won’t swollen when it came across with water.
After, changing the bases of the work we start the pump and make the
water turbine spin. There was no any mistake during this process and we
then produced an electricity of 26.5 volts that was read in the ammeter.

The electricity the water turbine produced is shown by making the LED light
work by a connection circuit with the motor itself. We really did demonstrate
the concept of energy transformation which actually took place in real life of
using sea wave to produce electricity.

This model is a very good example of showing that we can use a natural
resource without destroying them to produce our daily electricity. The
method does not produce greenhouse gas and not causing much harm to
an environment. Although, it can be considered to affect some water animal
and its environment in a bad way it still not causing harm to the water
organism society that much. The model proves a simulator of a real-life
power plant in the ocean and we are proud that the project works perfectly.
Conclusion

At the end of the experiment, The building of hydraulic water turbine really
work. The electricity has been produced and shown in making the LED light
work. Our group finally able to demonstrate the concept of electricity dam
in real life despite the mistake we encountered along the way.