Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
s1
1:n Vo s2
Vin t
S1 S2
Io RL
Io Vin ⋅ n
RL
t
1
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 3]
Replacing S2 by a Diode
S1 1:n D Vo
Vin
Io RL
Forward Converter
L
1:n Vo
Vin
D1 IL C IR
D2 IC R
S T
Forward :
z T is a transformer
z Output section: Buck
z Buck derived
2
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 5]
Lm
ideal
S
VLm
Vin
t
3
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 7]
Transformer Reset
Vin VL Vin
toff
t
Lm ton
Vin
S VL
Vreset
t
ton
( Vreset − Vin )
n Lm1
S Vreset 3 Vreset
V V
Reset Requirements Doff reset ≥ in Don
n3 n1
4
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 9]
Vin
n1 n2
n
S Vreset 3
Vin V n3 Don
Doff > in Don <
n3 n1 n1 Doff
Assignment
Vin
n1 n2
n3
S Vreset
Given: 0.1<Don<0.7
What will be the voltage stress on S?
5
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 11]
Reset of Forward
D1 L
Vin IL C IR
n1
D3 D2
n2 IC R
n3
S
Calculation of n3
Fundamental requirement:
Vn1 Vin
S1 S1=S2
n2 toff t
L m n1
ton S2
Vin
n1 1
ILm n3
n3 t
Vn1 Vin
v winding = o S1
toff
t
ton S
2
z Example: Looking at n1 ILm
2
t
6
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 13]
VT
Vn1 Vin
S1=S2 n1
S1
toff t VinDoff ≥ VinDon
n3
ton S2
Vin
n1 1
ILm n3
t Doff
n3 ≤ n1
Don
Vn1 Vin
S1
toff Doff
t n3 ≤ n1
ton S
2
1 − Doff
ILm
2
t
VT
Voltage on switch when “off”
n1
Vs = Vin + Vin Vn1 Vin
n3 Doff t
Don
Don max n1
Vs = Vin [1 + ] Vin
1 − Don max n3
7
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 15]
Reset winding
I1 I2 L
Vin D1 IL C IR
n1
D3
n2 D2 IC R
Switch Current
I2 Ipk
n1
n= ton
n3 n2 toff t
S
TS
I1 n Ipk
z primary current is a reflection
n2 Ipk t
of I2 plus Im off t
t
n3
S IS I2n+ILm
8
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 17]
Reset Current
n1 Don n1 Don
= Vreset = Vin = Vin
n3 1 − Don n3 1 − Don
t
toff
Question 2: If Dmax=0.3 TS
2.1 Calculate n1/n3
2.2 Find maximum voltage on switch
Coupled inductor
n1
L1
L1
L2
n2 L2
2
L1 n1
=
L 2 n2
9
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 19]
S1
t
S2
S1 1:1 S2
V1 I1 I2 V2
10
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 21]
Coupled windings
S1 1:n S2 S1
V1 I1 I2 V2
L
S2 t
V10 = n ⋅ V1 V1 V10 V2
S1 1:n
1
V20 = V2
n V1 V20 V2
(negative voltage)
S1 1:n
V1
11
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 23]
Buck Boost
S D
Vo
Vin C R
L
Polarity Reversal
VinDon + VoDoff = 0
Vo D
= − on
Vin Doff
Flyback
S D
Vo
Vin C R
L Buck Boost
S D
Vo Isolated Back-Boost
Vin C R Flyback
12
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 25]
Flyback converter
1:n D1 Vo
Vin
C R
1:n Vo 1:n Vo
Vin Vin
Vo C R
C R I
n
nVin
ton toff
S S
Vo
Vin
n
13
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 27]
Vin Vo1
D1
n1 C1 R1
Vo2
D2
R2
n2 C2
S
14
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 29]
Flyback
ton toff
n1 n1
Vin Vin Vo1
Vo1
R1 C1 R1
C1
n2 n2
Vo2 Vo2
C2
C2 R2
R2
n1Vo1 = n2 Vo2
Characteristics of Flyback
z Isolation
z Step-up or Step-down
z Discontinuous current at input and
output (Buck-Boost Derived)
z Multiple outputs (economical)
15
Prof. S. Ben-Yaakov , DC-DC Converters [4- 31]
Exercise
10meg
R4
D1
out
Dbreak
L1 L2
V1 {L1} C1 RL
{Vin} {L1*(n*n)}
220u {Load}
out_gnd IC = 6
drain
S1 K K1
0 gate + K_Linear PA RA M E T E RS :
+
- - COUPLING = 1 n = 0.5
L1 = l1 Vin = 12
V1 = 0 V2 Sbreak L2 = l2 L1 = 300u
V2 = 15 Load = 10
TD = 0
TR = 0.01u 0
TF = 0.01u
PW = 10u
PER = 20u
0
16