35.

Warray (Northern Territory)

1. inbanay They saw you lot.

2. ananay He saw you.
3. inigangi We took you lot .
4. anngam You heard him.
5. bangam They heard him.
6. bunmany He got them.
7. inngam He heard you lot.
8. anabawungany They left you.
9. bunbagangi They took them.
10. atwungany I left him
11. inay We saw him.
12. agangi You lot took him.

The marking for tense is not separated out. Ignore tense when writing the lexicon. So, just list
the verbs as ‘saw’, ‘took’ etc.

1. Write a lexicon.

Warray Lexicon

nay Vroot ‘saw’

gangi Vroot ‘took’
ngam Vroot ‘heard’
many Vroot ‘got’
wungany Vroot ‘left’

ana- OBJ ‘2sgO, you’

Ø- OBJ ‘3sgO, him’
in- OBJ ‘2plO, you lot’
bun- OBJ ‘3plO, them’

at- SUBJ ‘1sgS, I’

an- SUBJ ‘2sgS, you’
Ø- SUBJ ‘3sgS, he’
i- SUBJ ‘1plS, we’
a- SUBJ ‘2plS, you lot’
ba- SUBJ ‘3plS, they’

2. What is the order of types of morphemes in the word?

WORD=OBJ-SUBJ-Vroot
 39. Äiwoo (Solomon Islands)

1. kitogulono I punch.
2. itogulomu You punched.
3. itogulo He punched.
4. iäi He paddled.
5. kiäimu You paddle.
6. tepukei olo enge this big canoe
7. tepukei laki eângâ that small canoe
8. nuwopa olo eângâ that big house

Impossible sentences:

9. *kitepukeino ‘I canoe’
10. *itepukei ‘he canoed’
11. *togulo olo eângâ ‘that big punch’
12. *äi laki enge ‘this small paddle’

1. List all the roots found in the examples, including the form of the root, the meaning, and
the word class.

togulo Vroot ‘punch’

äi Vroot ‘paddle’
ki- TNS ‘present’
i- TNS ‘past’
-no SUBJ ‘I, 1sgS’
-mu SUBJ ‘you, 2sgS’
-∅ SUBJ ‘he, 3sgS’
tepukei Nroot ‘canoe’
nuwopa Nroot ‘house’
olo ADJroot ‘big’
laki ADJroot ‘small’
enge DEMroot ‘this’
eângâ DEMroot ‘that’

2. What is the evidence for classifying a root in this language as:

a) a verb
- A verb is marked with tense prefix: ki- for present tense or i- for past tense
- A verb is marked with Subject suffix: -no 1sg, -mu 2sg, -Ø 3sg
- A verb cannot be modified by demonstrative or adjective
b) a noun
- A noun can have a demonstrative or adjective following and modifying it.
- A noun cannot be marked with tense prefix or subject suffix.