Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
q.
f re
h
hig
y
e nc
overall vibration tim qu
e q. fre
fre
low
1X
amplitude
3X
2X
4X
frequency
Time
7200 CPM
7200 CPM
3570 CPM
3570 CPM
Amplitude
Amplitude
• Rugged Devices
• Operate in Wide Frequency
Range (Near 0 to above 40 kHz)
• Good High Frequency Response
• Some Models Suitable For High
Temperature
• Require Additional Electronics
(may be built into the sensor housing)
PK Acceleration in G-s
RPS = 49.83 RPS = 49.83
PK Velocity in In/Sec
0.16 2
0.08 1
0 0
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 0 40 80 120 160 200 240
Frequency in kCPM Frequency in kCPM
Amplitude
1.0
(mils, in/sec, g’s) Velocity (in/sec)
0.1
Common Machinery
1 Operating Range
0.01
10 100 1,000 10,000
Frequency (Hz)
z Analysis
Once detected, analyzing exceptional measurements
provides insight to the problem itself, and to its root
cause.
z Database Considerations
– Parameters (multi-parameters)
– Alarm Limits
– Setting Fmax
– Scale Factors
z radial
– vertical
– horizontal
z axial
The accelerometer must be located over the bearing of interest. Avoid air gaps
in housings whenever possible. Air gaps will skew vibration readings.
Rapid and
convenient.
Subject to
many sources
of error.
Use only as a
last resort.
For piping and valves overall readings exceeding 1.0 ips RMS
would be cause for concern though actual stress values induced
by the vibration may be quite low and no corrective action
needed. Some engineering evaluation should be conducted to
determine this.
ISO 2372
overall
velocity
vibration
guidelines
acceleration - Gs (peak)
Vibration
Severity
Frequency - CPM
0.16
-- Baseline --
Value: .06350
0.12 Date: 11-AUG-95
0.08 ALERT
WARNING
0.04
0
0 100 200 300 400 500
Days: 11-AUG-95 To 11-DEC-96
0.10
0.05
0
0 400 800 1200 1600 2000
Frequency in Hz
Phase
vs
Peak
Data Period:
26-Dec-96
To
28-Dec-96
2.500
90 270
180
Peak
Compressors:
Compressors:
Rotational
Rotational speed
speed 1X,1X,
2X, 2X,
3X 3X 0.25 ips
0.25
RMSips RMS
Gas
GasPulsation
Pulsationat compressor
at compr. 0.27 ips RMS
0.27 ips RMS
Bearing fault frequencies 0.15 ips RMS
Bearing fault frequencies
Roller bearings (2000-3000 Hz) 2.5 g’s
0.15 ips RMS
Roller bearings (2000-3000 Hz) 2.5 g’s
C3 C4
M1 M2 C1 C2
Thrust and
Sleeve
Bearing
Location
Stage 3 Stage 4
Defect’s fundamental frequencies also appear Defect’s harmonic frequencies develop multiple
and may exhibit sidebands sidebands (haystack), fundamental freqs. grow
and also develop sidebands
0.04
0.02
0
Freq: 2634.6
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
Ordr: 43.84
Frequency in Hz Spec: .02417
Dfrq: 120.19
0.02
0.01
0
Freq: 57.69
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
Ordr: .960
Frequency in Hz Spec: .02572
0
11-DEC-96
21-NOV-96
28-OCT-96
30-SEP-96
01-AUG-96
05-SEP-96 15:15:26
RPM= 3550.
01-AUG-96
Freq: 57.69
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
Ordr: .975
Frequency in Hz Sp 1: .02589
0.24
0.16
0.08
0
Freq: 7200.0
0 8000 16000 24000
Ordr: 2.012
Frequency in CPM Spec: .283
0.24
0.16
7140 RPM
0.08
2x turning speed
0
Freq: 7200.0
6800 7000 7200 7400 7600
Ordr: 2.012
Frequency in CPM Spec: .283