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DB2 Databases
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12-15 minutes

This chapter describes creating, activating and deactivating the

databases with the associated syntax.

Database architecture

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A database is a collection of Tables, Schemas, Bufferpools, Logs,

Storage groups and Tablespaces working together to handle
database operations efficiently.

Database directory

Database directory is an organized repository of databases. When

you create a database, all the details about database are stored in
a database directory, such as details of default storage devices,
configuration files, and temporary tables list etc.

Partition global directory is created in the instance folder. This

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directory contains all global information related to the database.

This partition global directory is named as NODExxxx/SQLyyy,
where xxxx is the data partition number and yyy is the database
token.

In the partition-global directory, a member-specific directory is

created. This directory contains local database information. The
member-specific directory is named as MEMBERxxxx where xxxx
is a member number. DB2 Enterprise Server Edition environment
runs on a single member and has only one member specific
directory. This member specific directory is uniquely named as
MEMBER0000.

Partitioned global directory

Directory Location : <instance>/NODExxx/SQLxxx

The partition-global directory contains database related files as

listed below.

Global deadlock write-to-file event monitoring files

Table space information files [SQLSPCS.1, SQLSPCS.2]

Storage group control files [SQLSGF.1, SQLSGF.2]

Temporary table space container files. [/storage path//T0000011

/C000000.TMP/SQL00002.MEMBER0001.TDA]

Global Configuration file [SQLDBCONF]

History files [DB2RHIST.ASC, DB2RHIST.BAK, DB2TSCHG.HIS,

DB2TSCHG.HIS]

Logging-related files [SQLOGCTL.GLFH.1, SQLOGCTL.GLFH.2]

Locking files [SQLINSLK, SQLTMPLK]

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Automatic Storage containers

Member specific directory

Directory location : /NODExxxx/SQLxxxx/MEMBER0000

This directory contains:

Objects associated with databases

Buffer pool information files [SQLBP.1, SQLBP.2]

Local event monitoring files

Logging-related files [SQLOGCTL.LFH.1, SQLOGCTL.LFH.2,

SQLOGMIR.LFH].

Local configuration files

Deadlocks event monitor file. The detailed deadlock events monitor

files are stored in the database directory of the catalog node in
case of ESE and partitioned database environment.

Creating database

You can create a database in instance using the “CREATE

DATABASE” command. All databases are created with the default
storage group “IBMSTOGROUP”, which is created at the time of
creating an instance. In DB2, all the database tables are stored in
“tablespace”, which use their respective storage groups.

The privileges for database are automatically set as PUBLIC

[CREATETAB, BINDADD, CONNECT, IMPLICIT_SCHEMA, and
SELECT], however, if the RESTRICTIVE option is present, the
privileges are not granted as PUBLIC.

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Creating non-restrictive database

This command is used to create a non-restrictive database.

Syntax: [To create a new Database. ‘database_name’ indicates a

new database name, which you want to create.]

db2 create database <database name>

Example: [To create a new non-restrictive database with name

‘one’]

db2 create database one

Output:

DB20000I The CREATE DATABASE command completed

successfully.

Creating restrictive database

Restrictive database is created on invoking this command.

Syntax: [In the syntax below, “db_name” indicates the database

name.]

db2 create database <db_name> restrictive

Example: [To create a new restrictive database with the name

‘two’]

db2 create database two restrictive

Creating database with different user defined

location

Create a database with default storage group “IBMSTOGROUP” on

different path. Earlier, you invoked the command “create database”

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without any user-defined location to store or create database at a

particular location. To create the database using user- defined
database location, the following procedure is followed:

Syntax: [In the syntax below, ‘db_name’ indicates the ‘database

name’ and ‘data_location’ indicates where have to store data in
folders and ‘db_path_location’ indicates driver location of
‘data_location’.]

db2 create database '<db_name>' on '<data

location>' dbpath on '<db_path_location>'

Example: [To create database named ‘four’, where data is stored in

‘data1’ and this folder is stored in ‘dbpath1’]

db2 create database four on '/data1' dbpath on

'/dbpath1'

Viewing local or system database directory files

You execute this command to see the list of directories available in

the current instance.

Syntax:

db2 list database directory

Example:

db2 list database directory

Output:

System Database Directory

Number of entries in the directory = 6
Database 1 entry:
Database alias = FOUR

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Database name = FOUR

Local database directory =
/home/db2inst4/Desktop/dbpath
Database release level = f.00
Comment =
Directory entry type = Indirect
Catalog database partition number = 0
Alternate server hostname =
Alternate server port number =
Database 2 entry:
Database alias = SIX
Database name = SIX
Local database directory =
/home/db2inst4
Database release level = f.00
Comment =
Directory entry type = Indirect
Catalog database partition number = 0
Alternate server hostname =
Alternate server port number =

Activating database

This command starts up all necessary services for a particular

database so that the database is available for application.

Syntax:[‘db_name’ indicates database name]

db2 activate db <db_name>

Example: [Activating the database ‘one’]

db2 activate db one

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Deactivating database

Using this command, you can stop the database services.

Syntax:

db2 deactivate db <db_name>

Example: [To Deactivate database ‘one’]

db2 deactivate db one

Connecting to database

After creating a database, to put it into use, you need to connect or

start database.

Syntax:

db2 connect to <database name>

Example: [To Connect Database one to current CLI]

db2 connect to one

Output:

Database Connection Information

Database server = DB2/LINUXX8664 10.1.0
SQL authorization ID = DB2INST4
Local database alias = ONE

Verifying if database is restrictive

To check if this database is restrictive or not, here is the syntax:

Syntax: [In the following syntax, ‘db’ indicates Database, ‘cfg’

indicates configuration, ‘db_name’ indicates database name]

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db2 get db cfg for <db_name> | grep -i restrict

Example: [To check if ‘one’ database is restricted or not]

db2 get db cfg for one | grep -i restrict

Output:

Restrict access = NO

Configuring the database manager and the database

Instance configuration (Database manager configuration) is stored

in a file named 'db2system' and the database related configuration
is stored in a file named 'SQLDBCON'. These files cannot be edited
directly. You can edit these files using tools which call API. Using
the command line processor, you can use these commands.

Database Manager Configuration Parameters

Syntax: [To get the information of Instance Database manager]

db2 get database manager configuration

OR

db2 get dbm cfg

Syntax: [To update instance database manager]

db2 update database manager configuration

OR

db2 update dbm cfg

Syntax: [To reset previous configurations]

db2 reset database manager configuration

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OR

db2 reset dbm cfg

Database Configuration Parameters

Syntax: [To get the information of Database]

db2 get database configuration

OR

db2 get db cfg

Syntax: [To update the database configuration]

db2 update database configuration

OR

db2 update db cfg

Syntax: [To reset the previously configured values in database

configuration

db2 reset database configuration

OR

db2 reset db cfg

Syntax: [To check the size of Current Active Database]

db2 "call get_dbsize_info(?,?,?,-1)"

Example: [To verify the size of Currently Activate Database]

db2 "call get_dbsize_info(?,?,?,-1)"

Output:

Value of output parameters

--------------------------

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Parameter Name : SNAPSHOTTIMESTAMP

Parameter Value : 2014-07-02-10.27.15.556775
Parameter Name : DATABASESIZE
Parameter Value : 105795584
Parameter Name : DATABASECAPACITY
Parameter Value : 396784705536
Return Status = 0

Estimating space required for database

To estimate the size of a database, the contribution of the following

factors must be considered:

System Catalog Tables

User Table Data

Long Field Data

Large Object (LOB) Data

Index Space

Temporary Work Space

XML data

Log file space

Local database directory

System files

Checking database authorities

You can use the following syntax to check which database

authorities are granted to PUBLIC on the non-restrictive database.

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Step 1: connect to database with authentication user-id and

password of instance.

Syntax: [To connect to database with username and password]

db2 connect to <db_name> user <userid> using

<password>

Example: [To Connect “one” Database with the user id ‘db2inst4’

and password ‘db2inst4’]

db2 connect to one user db2inst4 using db2inst4

Output:

Database Connection Information

Database server = DB2/LINUXX8664 10.1.0
SQL authorization ID = DB2INST4
Local database alias = ONE

Step2: To verify the authorities of database.

Syntax: [The syntax below shows the result of authority services

for current database]

db2 "select substr(authority,1,25) as authority,

d_user, d_group,
d_public, role_user, role_group,
role_public,d_role from table(
sysproc.auth_list_authorities_for_authid
('public','g'))as t
order by authority"

Example:

db2 "select substr(authority,1,25) as authority,

d_user, d_group,

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d_public, role_user, role_group,

role_public,d_role from table(
sysproc.auth_list_authorities_for_authid
('PUBLIC','G'))as t
order by authority"

Output:

AUTHORITY D_USER D_GROUP D_PUBLIC

ROLE_USER ROLE_GROUP ROLE_PUBLIC D_ROLE
------------------------- ------ ------- --------
--------- ---------- ----------- ------
ACCESSCTRL * * N
* * N *
BINDADD * * Y
* * N *
CONNECT * * Y
* * N *
CREATETAB * * Y
* * N *
CREATE_EXTERNAL_ROUTINE * * N
* * N *
CREATE_NOT_FENCED_ROUTINE * * N
* * N *
CREATE_SECURE_OBJECT * * N
* * N *
DATAACCESS * * N
* * N *
DBADM * * N
* * N *
EXPLAIN * * N

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* * N *
IMPLICIT_SCHEMA * * Y
* * N *
LOAD * * N
* * N *
QUIESCE_CONNECT * * N
* * N *
SECADM * * N
* * N *
SQLADM * * N
* * N *
SYSADM * * *
* * * *
SYSCTRL * * *
* * * *
SYSMAINT * * *
* * * *
SYSMON * * *
* * * *
WLMADM * * N
* * N *
20 record(s) selected.

Dropping Database

Using the Drop command, you can remove our database from
instance database directory. This command can delete all its
objects, table, spaces, containers and associated files.

Syntax: [To drop any database from an instance]

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db2 drop database <db_name>

Example: [To drop ‘six’ database from instance]

db2 drop database six

Output:

DB20000I The DROP DATABASE command completed

successfully

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