Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
01.4IB.60100B
Ground-Gard® High Resistance
Grounding Assembly
For Power Systems from 240V to 4160V
Ground-Gard® High Resistance Grounding Assembly 01.4IB.60100B
Contact Information
Service Division
PO Box 12818
Houston, Texas 77217-2818
Tel: 713.944.6900
Fax: 713.948.4569
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01.4IB.60100B
As stated in ANSI Z535.4-2007, the signal word is For the purposes of this manual, a qualified
a word that calls attention to the safety sign and person, as stated in NFPA 70E®, is one who has
designates a degree or level of hazard seriousness. skills and knowledge related to the construction
The signal words for product safety signs are and operation of the electrical equipment and
“Danger”, “Warning”, “Caution” and “Notice”. installations and has received safety training to
These words are defined as: recognize and avoid the hazards involved. In
addition to the above qualifications, one must also
be:
! DANGER
1. trained and authorized to energize,
DANGER indicates an imminently hazardous deenergize, clear, ground, and tag circuits
situation which, if not avoided, will result in and equipment in accordance with
death or serious injury. established safety practices.
2. trained in the proper care and use of
personal protective equipment (PPE)
! WARNING such as rubber gloves, hard hat, safety
glasses or face shields, flash clothing, etc.,
WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous in accordance with established safety
situation which, if not avoided, could result in practices.
death or serious injury. 3. trained in rendering first aid if necessary.
! CAUTION
CAUTION, used with the safety alert symbol,
indicates a hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, could result in minor or moderate
injury.
CAUTION
CAUTION, used without the safety alert
symbol, is used to address practices not
related to personal injury.
NOTICE
NOTICE is used to address practices not related
to personal injury.
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Ground-Gard® High Resistance Grounding Assembly 01.4IB.60100B
Contents
Ch 1 General Information..................................................................................................1
A. Scope.................................................................................................................................................................2
B. Purpose..............................................................................................................................................................2
C. Instruction Bulletins Available Electronically. ....................................................................................................2
Ch 2 Safety.........................................................................................................................3
A. Safe Work Condition..........................................................................................................................................3
B. Safety Guidelines................................................................................................................................................3
C. General. ............................................................................................................................................................3
D. Specific...............................................................................................................................................................4
E. Safety Labels......................................................................................................................................................4
Ch 3 Equipment Description..............................................................................................5
A. General. ............................................................................................................................................................5
B. Enclosures.........................................................................................................................................................5
C. Functional Description. ......................................................................................................................................6
Ch 4 Installation................................................................................................................7
A. General. ............................................................................................................................................................7
B. Receiving............................................................................................................................................................7
C. Storage. ............................................................................................................................................................7
D. Handling............................................................................................................................................................7
E. Positioning of Enclosure.................................................................................................................................. 11
F. Preparation of Floor Anchoring. ..................................................................................................................... 11
1) Indoor Assembly......................................................................................................................................................................11
2) Outdoor Assembly..................................................................................................................................................................14
G. Grounding. ..................................................................................................................................................... 15
H. Cleaning Bus Insulation................................................................................................................................... 15
I. Primary Cables................................................................................................................................................ 15
J. Control Cables. .............................................................................................................................................. 16
K. Adjustments.................................................................................................................................................... 17
L. Placing the Ground-Gard® into Service............................................................................................................. 17
Ch 5 Operation.................................................................................................................18
A. Detecting and Locating a Ground Fault............................................................................................................ 18
B. Undervoltage Alarm. ...................................................................................................................................... 18
C. Operational Testing......................................................................................................................................... 18
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01.4IB.60100B
Contents
Ch 6 Testing for System Capacitive Charging Current....................................................19
A. General. ......................................................................................................................................................... 19
B. Test Equipment. ............................................................................................................................................... 19
C. Test Procedure................................................................................................................................................ 19
Ch 7 Maintenance............................................................................................................23
A. General. ......................................................................................................................................................... 23
B. Periodic Maintenance....................................................................................................................................... 23
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Ground-Gard® High Resistance Grounding Assembly 01.4IB.60100B
Figures
Figure 1 Typical Free Standing Low Voltage Ground-Gard®, Series P-60048...............8
Figure 2 Typical Wall Mounted Low Voltage Ground-Gard® Control Enclosure...........9
Figure 3 Typical Wall Mounted Low Voltage Ground-Gard® Resistor Enclosure..........9
Figure 4 Typical Free Standing Medium Voltage Ground-Gard®, Series P-60416......10
Figure 5 Typical Elementary Diagram of 480V, Wye-Connected Ground-Gard®.......12
Figure 6 Typical Elementary Diagram of 480V, Delta-Connected Ground-Gard®.....12
Figure 7 Typical Elementary Diagram of Medium Voltage,
Wye-Connected Ground-Gard®.....................................................................13
Figure 8 Typical Elementary Diagram of Medium Voltage,
Delta-Connected Ground-Gard®...................................................................13
Figure 9 Recommended Anchoring Method for Outdoor Enclosure..........................14
Figure 10 Resistor Connections for 480V Ground-Gard®..............................................16
Figure 11 Test Connections for Measuring System Capacitive Charging Current for
480V, Wye-Connected Ground-Gard®...........................................................21
Figure 12 Test Connections for Measureing System Capacitive Charging Current for
480V, Delta-Connected Ground-Gard®.........................................................21
Figure 13 Test Connections for Measuring System Capacitive Charging Current
Medium Voltage, Wye-Connected Ground-Gard®........................................22
Figure 14 Test Connections for Measuring System Capacitive Charging Current
Medium Voltage, Delta-Connected Ground-Gard®......................................22
Tables
ii Powered by Safety®
01.4IB.60100B
Ch 1 General Information
! WARNING
The equipment described in this document may contain high voltages and currents which can
cause death or serious injury.
The equipment is designed for use, installation, and maintenance by knowledgeable users of such
equipment having experience and training in the field of high voltage electricity. This document and all
other documentation shall be fully read, understood, and all warnings and cautions shall be abided by. If
there are any discrepancies or questions, the user shall contact Powell immediately at 1.800.480.7273.
! WARNING
Prior to adjustments, servicing, maintenance, or any act requiring the operator to make physical
contact with the equipment, the power source must be disconnected and the equipment grounded.
Failure to do so may result in death or serious injury.
NOTICE
The information in this instruction bulletin is not intended to explain all details or variations of the
Powell equipment, nor to provide for every possible contingency or hazard to be met in connection
with installation, testing, operation, and maintenance of the equipment. For additional
information and instructions for particular problems, which are not presented sufficiently for the
user’s purposes, contact Powell at 1.800.480.7273.
NOTICE
Powell reserves the right to discontinue and to change specifications at any time without incurring
any obligation to incorporate new features in products previously sold.
A. Scope
4. Apply lockout/tagout devices in accordance The safety rules in this instruction bulletin are
with a documented and established policy. not intended to be a complete safety program.
The rules are intended to cover only some of the
5. Use an adequately rated voltage detector important aspects of personnel safety related to
to test each phase conductor or circuit part PowlVac® ARG 63kA vacuum circuit breakers.
to verify they are deenergized. Test each
phase conductor or circuit part both C. General
phase-to-phase, and phase-to-ground.
Before and after each test, determine 1. Only supervised and qualified personnel
that the voltage detector is operating trained in the usage, installation, operation,
satisfactorily. and maintenance of high resistance
grounding assembly shall be allowed to
Informational Note: See ANSI/ISA-61010-1 work on this equipment. It is mandatory
(82.02.01)/UL 61010-1, Safety Requirements that the appropriate instruction bulletins,
for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, supplements, and service advisories be
Control, and Laboratory Use - Part 1: General studied, understood, and followed.
Requirements, for rating and design
requirements for voltage measurement
and test instruments intended for use on
electrical systems 1000 V and below.
D. Specific
AM MR
RL GL
TEST SS RESET
72 90
INST
NP
1½
20 20
20
20
BASE PLAN
25 12
30
RL GL
TEST SS RESET
1½
2½ 1” BUSHED HOLE
TOP VIEW
25 11
10
12
1” BUSHED HOLE
1½
1½
BOTTOM VIEW
24
24
90
42
1C
SPACE AVAILABLE
FOR CABLES
ABOVE & BELOW
48
BASE PLAN
L1 L2
N L1 L2
NX
CLF/10A
CT T1 T2
5:5A 100/5 CT WITH 20 PRI TURNS
C1 TO GIVE 5/5A RATIO MR
1 2
X1 AM 5 6
X2
C0 RESISTORS
UV
NX A B
HR
1 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 G
PC 3 4 1 2
2 MR (5 SEC)
R
NY 8 9 1 2
1
MR CONNECTION SHOWN FOR 0.9 AMP HR RESET
2 GROUND FAULT WITH 3.6 AMP PULSE B
G 1 2 1 2 A
TEST NORMAL-PULSE
1 2 1 2 PCR
3 4 Y Z
1 3 5 7 PCR PC
UV UV HR HR
2 4 6 8 2 1 Y Z
CLF/10A
T1 T2 T3
H1 H3 H2 H4 H1 H3 H2 H4 H1 H3 H2 H4 H4 H2 H3 H1
CPT
GROUNDING
250VA
TRANSFORMERS
XF
X1 X2
X1 X3 X2 X4 X1 X3 X2 X4 X1 X3 X2 X4 FU/3A
CT MR
5:5A 100/5 CT WITH 20 PRI TURNS 5 6
C1 TO GIVE 5/5A RATIO
1 2
X1 AM
X2 UV
RESISTORS 1 3
C0 A B
UV UV HR
NX 2 4 G
3 4 1 2
R1 R2 MR (5 SEC)
1 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R
PC LOSS OF VOLTAGE 8 9 1 2
2 ALARM CONTACTS HR RESET HR
NY 1 2 1 2 A B
1
MR CONNECTION SHOWN FOR 0.9 AMP TEST NORMAL-PULSE
2 GROUND FAULT WITH 3.6 AMP PULSE 5 7
G
HR HR 1 2 1 2 PCR
6 8
3 4 Y Z
PCR PC
GROUND FAULT 2 1 Y Z
ALARM CONTACTS
120VAC BY OTHERS
TO 2400V OR 4160V SYSTEM NEUTRAL
N
1 3
CLF FU/10A
25E 2 4
MR
X4 H1 5 6
X2 DOOR SW. ON UV
GROUNDING TILT-OUT CPT
A B
TRANSFORMER X3 FUSE COMP
HR
2400V - 120/240V G
X1 1 2 3 4 1 2
MR (5 SEC)
H2 R
8 9 1 2
HR RESET
GROUND RESISTOR
1 2 1 2 A B
R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 TEST NORMAL-PULSE
1 2 1 2 PCR
3 4 Y Z
PCR PC
2 1 Y Z
PC
2 1
1 3 5 7
2 1 1 UV UV HR HR
MR CT X1 AM 2 4 6 8
10:5 X2 2
1 2 1 2 PCR
3 4 Y Z
PCR PC
2 1 Y Z
PC
2 1
1 3 5 7
2 1 1 UV UV HR HR
MR CT X1 AM 2 4 6 8
10:5 X2 2
The enclosure must be grounded before Main bus bars are insulated with a high
making any power connections. A ground bus temperature thermoplastic material having
is furnished with a lug for connection to the excellent dielectric and mechanical properties.
grounding system. When cleaning is necessary, only denatured
alcohol or isopropyl alcohol should be used
Ground bus connections are made in the lower to remove any foreign materials from the
portion of the primary enclosure. The assembly insulation surface.
ground bus must be connected to the station
ground bus by a conductor having a current Do not use carbon tetrachloride. Use only
carrying capacity equal to that of the assembly OSHA approved solvents. Avoid prolonged
ground bus. exposure to solvent vapors. Use solvents in a
well ventilated area.
It is very important that the assembly be The location of the primary cable termination
adequately grounded to protect the operator point in Ground-Gard® assemblies is indicated
from injury when ground faults or other on the drawings furnished with the assembly.
abnormal occurences take place and to If conduit or armored cable is used for cables
ensure that all parts of the assembly, other entering from above, the conduit or armor
than live parts, are at ground potential. should be terminated at the top cover of the
enclosure.
It is recommended that the connections to
the station ground have a cross section of Before any primary cable connections are
500,000 circular mils or greater if the soil in made, the cables should be identified to
which it is buried is of such character as to indicate their phase relationship with the
cause appreciable corrosion. This is especially assembly connections. This is necessary to
true where electrolysis from stray currents ensure that the phase rotation is the same
or contact with dissimilar metals exists. The when interconnecting two different sources
resistance of the soil surrounding a station of power. For Ground-Gard assemblies used
ground depends on the condition of the soil as on wye-connected power systems with the
well as its chemical content. Dry, loose, sandy, neutral point available, the primary cable
or frozen soils will have a high resistance as brought to the Ground-Gard assembly will be
compared with moist soils or soils containing connected to this system neutral point. This
ashes, cinders, or salt solution. connection must be considered as a primary
circuit, since it will have full phase-to-neutral
voltage impressed on it during a solid ground
fault on the power system.
R2 R2 R2 R2
1 1 1 1
PC PC PC PC
2 R3 2 R3 2 R3 2 R3
NY R4 NY R4 NY R4 NY R4
R5 R5 R5 R5
R6 R6 R6 R6
R7 R7 R7 R7
G R8 G R8 G R8 G R8
Connection Shown For 3.6A Connection Shown For 2.4A Connection Shown For 1.2A Connection Shown For 0.9A
Ground Fault With 7.2A Pulse Ground Fault With 7.2A Pulse Ground Fault With 3.6A Pulse Ground Fault With 3.6A Pulse
Cable shields, assembly bonding wires, and When an external control power source is used,
other ground leads associated with primary the cables from the control power source to
cables should be connected to the assembly the assembly should be large enough to avoid
ground bus. excessive voltage drop when the assembly is
operated.
In all cases, carefully follow the cable
manufacturer’s recommendations for Ground-Gard® assemblies are provided with
installation of the type of cable being used. alarm contacts to indicate the presence of
a ground fault, the loss of control power or
J. Control Cables the loss of connection to the power system.
Although indicating lamps on the Ground-
When control conduits enter the unit from Gard assembly give a visual indication of these
below, the conduit should not extend more conditions, it is recommended that the alarm
than 1” above the floor. The control cables may contacts be connected to the power system’s
be pulled through the conduits before or after alarm and annunciation system to ensure that
the assembly is installed, whichever is more abnormal operating conditions are noted
convenient. promptly by the power system operator.
Adjust the resistor at installation so that the Close the disconnect switch on the front panel
ground current with a solid ground fault is of the Ground-Gard® assembly. On a medium
equal to or greater than the system capacitive voltage assembly, also close the fuse
charging current. An exact setting is not tiltout tray. These actions will connect the
critical. The setting may be any value up to Ground-Gard assembly to the power system. If
twice the system capacitive charging current, the particular assembly is designed to
or the minimum setting of the Ground-Gard use an external control power source, the
assembly, whichever is greater. A method for Ground-Gard assembly will also be connected
measuring the capacitive charging current to the control power source.
is described in Ch 6 Testing for System
Capacitive Charging Current, C. Test Procedure. With a 120V, 60HZ control power source
Refer to the table on the elementary diagram available, turn the selector switch to the
for the proper resistor jumper connection. “NORMAL” position and leave it there. The
Refer to Figure 10 for typical connections for green “NORMAL” indicating light should be lit,
resistors used in 480V Ground-Gard assemblies. and the undervoltage relay energized to give
remote indication (if used) that control power
The assembly is normally supplied connected is on and panel is operating correctly.
for systems with minimum charging current.
When reconnecting the resistor for higher
charging currents, never place a jumper where
it will completely short out the resistor when
the pulsing contactor contact is closed. This
connection would convert the power system
into a solidly grounded system while in the
pulsing mode, possibly resulting in very high
ground fault currents and severe damage to
both the Ground-Gard assembly and other
parts of the power system.
A. Detecting and Locating a Ground Fault If the control power source is interrupted, or
if the Ground-Gard assembly is disconnected
Should a ground fault occur, the red “GROUND from the power system, both the green
FAULT” indicating lamp will be lit and the green indicating lamp and undervoltage relay
“NORMAL” lamp will go out. The hand reset will be deenergized. In this condition,
relay will be energized, and if contacts of this neither indicating lamp on the
relay have been connected to a remote alarm Ground-Gard assembly will be lit, and the
circuit, that alarm will also be energized. The remote undervoltage alarm, if used, will be
ammeter will read the ground fault current, activated. Since the Ground-Gard assembly
and the meter relay will show the voltage has been effectively removed from service,
across the resistor generated by the fault the cause of this alarm should be located and
current. corrected and the assembly returned to service.
Figure 11 Test Connections for Measuring System Capacitive Charging Current for 480V,
Wye-Connected Ground-Gard®
TO TRANSFORMER NEUTRAL
N
N 1 POLE OF
NX 30A/3P DISC. SW. 1 5
CT TEST EQUIPMENT FURNISHED BY TESTER
NOT PART OF GROUND-GARD HRG PACKAGE
NX CL FUSE FU SWITCH
6 AMP 2
1 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8
UNGROUNDED
PC
2 VARIABLE
120V 60Hz
VOLTIMETER
0 - 150 VOLTS VOLTAGE
NY AUTOTRANS.
1
MR CONNECTION SHOWN FOR 0.9 AMP 3
2 G GROUND FAULT WITH 3.6 AMP PULSE 6
FU SWITCH
INITITIAL ZERO VOLTAGE POSITION IMPORTANT 4
Figure 12 Test Connections for Measureing System Capacitive Charging Current for 480V,
Delta-Connected Ground-Gard®
A0 B0 C0
T1 T2 T3
H1 H3 H2 H4 H1 H3 H2 H4 H1 H3 H2 H4
GROUNDING
TRANSFORMERS TEST EQUIPMENT FURNISHED BY TESTER
NOT PART OF GROUND-GARD HRG PACKAGE
X1 X3 X2 X4 X1 X3 X2 X4 X1 X3 X2 X4
NX CL FUSE FU SWITCH
6 AMP 2
1 R1
R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8
UNGROUNDED
PC
2 VOLTIMETER VARIABLE
120V 60Hz
FU SWITCH
INITITIAL ZERO VOLTAGE POSITION IMPORTANT 4
Figure 13 Test Connections for Measuring System Capacitive Charging Current Medium Voltage,
Wye-Connected Ground-Gard®
X4 H1
FU SWITCH
UNGROUNDED
PC VARIABLE
120V 60Hz
VOLTIMETER
2 1 0 - 150 VOLTS VOLTAGE
AUTOTRANS.
3
2 1
MR 6
FU SWITCH
DISONNECT FOR TESTING 2 INITITIAL ZERO VOLTAGE POSITION IMPORTANT 4
Figure 14 Test Connections for Measuring System Capacitive Charging Current Medium Voltage,
Delta-Connected Ground-Gard®
CLF 1 5
25E
H1 H2 H1 H2 H1 H2
GROUNDING TEST EQUIPMENT FURNISHED BY TESTER
TRANSFORMERS NOT PART OF GROUND-GARD HRG PACKAGE
2400V - 120/240V
X4 X3 X2 X1 X4 X3 X2 X1 X4 X3 X2 X1
AM 0 - 0.5A OR 0 -1A SCALE
1 CONNECTED IN PLACE OF
X1 AM 0 - 10A PANEL AMMETER
GROUND RESISTOR X2 2
3
R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1
CL FUSE FU SWITCH
TEMPORARY 5 AMP 2
2
UNGROUNDED
JUMPER
VARIABLE
120V 60Hz
PC ISOLATING VOLTIMETER
0 - 150 VOLTS VOLTAGE
TRANSFORMER
2 1 AUTOTRANS.
3 4 3
2 1 6
MR
FU SWITCH
INITITIAL ZERO VOLTAGE POSITION IMPORTANT
Ch 7 Maintenance
A. General
! CAUTION
To avoid serious damage or injury to the
A regular maintenance schedule should be assembly or personnel it is very important
established to obtain the best service and to avoid inserting any object in to the air gap
reliability from the Ground-Gard® assembly. when the assembly is energized. Doing so
Plant operating and local conditions will under certain conditions will chort circuit the
dictate the frequency of inspection required. air gap and cause a breakdown in the primary
For specific information regarding the circuit to ground.
maintenance of devices, such as contactors,
switches, relays, meters, etc., refer to the Care should be exercised in the maintenance
separate instruction bulletin furnished for and checking procedures to ensure that
each device. Under normal conditions, the accidental operation is not initiated.
relays which indicate a ground fault do not
operate. Therefore, it is important to check B. Periodic Maintenance
the operation of these devices regularly. See
Ch 5 Operation, C. Operational Testing of this The assembly structure and connections
instruction bulletin for information concerning should be given the following overall
the built in test features of Ground-Gard maintenance at least annually.
assemblies.
1. Thoroughly clean the assembly, removing
A permanent record of all maintenance work all dust and other accumulations. Wipe
should be kept, the degree of detail depending clean the buses and supports. Inspect
on the operating conditions. The record the buses and connections carefully for
will be a valuable reference for subsequent evidence of overheating or weakening of
maintenance work and for station operation. It the insulation.
is also recommended that the record include 2. Clean mechanisms and lubricate wear
reports of tests performed, the condition of the points. The application of lubricants
assembly and any repairs or adjustments that should be held to a minimum to reduce the
were performed. This record should begin with accumulation of dust and dirt.
tests performed at the time of installation and 3. Control Contacts: Contacts should
energization, and all data should be graphed be inspected and dressed or replaced
as a function of time to ensure a proper when the surface becomes seriously
maintenance cycle is being scheduled. pitted. Unless repetitive duty has been
experienced, little attention should be
The primary circuits of Ground-Gard assemblies required.
are insulated in some areas in order to reduce 4. Secondary Wiring: Check all wiring
the size of the assembly. However, this connections for tightness, including those
insulation, in most instances, requires a certain at the current and potential transformers
amount of air gap between phases and to and at the terminal blocks where circuits
ground to complete the insulation. leave the assembly. Make sure that all
secondary wiring connections are properly
connected to the assembly ground bus
where so indicated.
5. Mechanical Parts: Visually check and level so that progressive weakening of the
manually operate mechanical moving insulation can be recognized.
parts such as the disconnecting switch, the 10. Abnormal Conditions: Local conditions
interlocks, and the hinged doors. such as high humidity, salt laden
6. Ventilation: Check all labyrinths, grillwork, atmosphere, corrosive gases, heavy dust,
and air passages for obstructions and or severe circuit operating conditions, are
accumulations of dirt. The air space under considered to be abnormal, and will require
outdoor assemblies is necessary for the more frequent inspections.
entrance of ventilating air. It should be
cleaned of leaves and other debris. Replace It should be emphasized that a series of
or clean dirty filters. inspections should be made at quarterly
7. Check to see that all anchor bolts and bolts intervals until the progressive facts of the local
in the structure are tight. conditions can be analyzed to determine a
8. If the assembly is equipped with heaters, schedule which will maintain the assembly in
check to see that all heaters are energized satisfactory condition.
and operating.
9. Records: The condition of each assembly In some locations, local conditions may be
at the time of inspection should be listed so bad that the frequency of maintenance
in a permanent record to become a guide will interfere with operating and production
for anticipating the need for replacements schedules. In such cases, consideration should
or for special attention between the be given to the possibility of enclosing the
regular maintenance periods. Insulation assembly in a relatively tight room and to
resistance tests are suggested for checking supplying a sufficient quantity of clean air so
the insulation. A series of these tests will as to maintaining a positive pressure in the
indicate any tendency toward a reduction room. Under such conditions, maintenance
in dielectric strength of the insulation. schedules may then be established on a more
Insulation resistance readings should normal basis. Such an arrangement might also
be taken before and after cleaning the provide for cooling the air where the ambient
assembly and, insofar as possible, under temperature is relatively high, thus further
similar conditions at successive periods. improving operating conditions.
Records should include the insulation
resistance reading, the temperature and
the humidity (either by definite reading
or description). Acceptable limits will
vary with the extent and design of the
bus structure. In contrast to a small
installation, the longer assemblies will
have a more extensive bus structure with
a greater number of parallel insulation
resistance paths to ground, which will tend
to decrease insulation resistance readings.
This variation in insulation resistance
between different assemblies emphasizes
the value of a series of reading which can
be charted to establish a normal insulation
September 2015