SP 00 01

NIOEC-SP-00-01(1)
DOCUMENT CODE NO. OF SHEETS: 56

PLAN/PRJ/SUB UNIT CODE PHASE DISCIPLANE DOCUMENT TYPE SERIAL NO. REV. NO. DATE
NIOEC 000 EG CE SP 0001 A1 APR 2006
NATIONAL IRANIAN OIL REFINING & DISTRIBUTION COMPANY

NATIONAL IRANIAN OIL ENGINEERING
& CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
NIOEC SPECIFICATION
FOR
CIVIL DESIGN CRITERIA
FIRST EDITION
APR, 2006
THIS SPECIFICATION IS THE PROPERTY OF NATIONAL IRANIAN OIL ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION COMPANY. IT IS CONFIDENTIAL AND ALL RIGHTS
RESERVED TO THE OWNER. NEITHER WHOLE NOR ANY PART OF THIS DOCUMENT MAY BE DISCLOSED TO ANY THIRD PARTY, REPRODUCTED, STORED
IN ANY RETRIEVAL SYSTEM OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE NATIONAL
IRANIAN OIL ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION COMPANY.
APRIL, 2006 NIOEC-SP-00-01(1)
REVISION INDEX
REV. REV. REV. REV.
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
PAGE PAGE PAGE PAGE
1 26 51 76
2 27 52 77
3 28 53 78
4 29 54 79
5 x 30 55 80
6 31 56 81
7 32 57 82
8 33 58 83
9 x 34 59 84
10 35 60 85
11 36 61 86
12 37 62 87
13 38 63 88
14 39 64 89
15 40 65 90
16 41 66 91
17 42 67 92
18 43 x 68 93
19 44 69 94
20 45 70 95
21 x 46 71 96
22 47 72 97
23 48 73 98
24 49 74 99
25 50 75 100
NOTES:
1) THIS SHEET IS A RECORD OF ALL REVISIONS TO THIS SPECIFICATION.

2) REMARKS RELATED TO EACH REVISION SHOW A BRIEF DESCRIPTION. THESE REMARKS SHALL BE
INTERPRETED IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE REVISED TEXT MARKED BY REVISION NUMBERS.
3) WHEN APPROVED EACH REVISION SHALL BE CONSIDERED AS A PART OF THE ORIGINAL DOCUMENT.
4) NUMBER OF PAGES EXCLUDES THIS SHEET AND THE COVER SHEET.
2
1 APRIL,2006 S.M.J.SEYEDI M.R.FARZAM M.A.A.SAJEDI
0 JULY, 2005 S.M.J.SEYEDI M.R.FARZAM M.A.A.SAJEDI
REV. DATE PREPARED CHECKED APPROVED AUTHORIZED
1
CONTENTS: PAGE NO.
1. SCOPE………………. ..............................................................................................................5
2. REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................5
3. UNITS………………. ...............................................................................................................8
4. DESIGN LOADS ….. ...............................................................................................................8
4.1 DESIGN OF PLANT STRUCTURES ...............................................................................8
4.2 LOADING COMBINATIONS .......................................................................................22
4.3 APPROPRIATE LOAD FACTORS FOR LOADING COMBINATIONS IN

“ULTIMATE......................................................................................23
5. SOIL CONDITIONS & FOUNDATIONS ...........................................................................25
5.1 TYPE OF FOUNDATION .................................................................................................25
5.2 FOUNDATION SOIL BEARING CAPACITY ...............................................................25
5.3 SOIL TYPE .........................................................................................................................25
5.4 STABILITY AGAINST SLIDING AND OVERTURNING ...........................................25
6. STRUCTRAL CONCRETE ..................................................................................................25
6.1 TYPES OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES........................................................................25
6.2 CONCRETE STRENGTH ................................................................................................25
6.3 REINFORCING STEEL ...................................................................................................26
6.4 ANCHOR BOLTS, PLATES AND STEEL SHAPES FOR INSERT .............................26
6.5 ALLOWABLE STRESSES ...............................................................................................26
6.6 ALLOWABLE DISPLACEMENTS AND DEFLECTIONS..........................................26
6.7 CONCRETE COVER ........................................................................................................27
6.8 PROJECTION OF FOUNDATION AND GROUTING.................................................27
6.9 MINIMUM REINFORCEMENT FOR ELEVATED STRUCTURES AND

FOUNDATIONS .................................................................................................................27
2
6.10 CONCRETE FIRE PROOFING.....................................................................................27

6.11 CONCRETE BASINS ......................................................................................................27
7. STRUCTURAL STEEL ........................................................................................................28
7.1. MATERIAL......................................................................................................................28
7.2. ALLOWABLE STRESSES.............................................................................................28
7.3. ALLOWABLE DISPLACEMENTS AND DEFLECTIONS .......................................28
7.4. CONNECTIONS .............................................................................................................29
8. SUPPORTING STRUCTURES AND FOUNDATIONS FOR

HEAVY MACHINERY.....................................................................29
8.1. SCOPE ..............................................................................................................................29
8.2. DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................29
8.3. DESIGN CRITERIA FOR ALL HEAVY MACHINERY............................................29
8.4. DESIGN CRITERIA FOR RECIPROCATING MACHINERY.................................30
8.5. DESIGN CRITERIA FOR ROTARY MACHINERY..................................................31
8.6 DESIGN CRITERIA OF LIGHT VIBRATING MACHINERY .................................33
9.1. SCOPE AND REFERENCE.............................................................................................34
9.2. SUB BASE REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................34
9.3. CONCRETE PAVING REQUIREMENTS ....................................................................34

[
9.4 PAVING THICKNESS .....................................................................................................35
10. BUILDINGS ……… .............................................................................................................35
10.1. SCOPE ..............................................................................................................................35
10.2 DESIGN LOADS..............................................................................................................35
10.3. BLAST RESISTANT STRUCTURES..........................................................................36
10.4. CALCULATION CRITERIA .......................................................................................38
11. SEWERS & UNDERGROUND PIPE NETWORKS........................................................39
11.1. THE DESIGN OF SEWER & U/G NETWORK ..........................................................39
11.2 NETWORKS AND MATERIALS .................................................................................40
3
11,3 BASIC DATA...................................................................................................................43
11.4 ENGINEERING DATA.................................................................................................46
11.5 DESIGN ............................................................................................................................48
ATTACHMENT “A” CRITERIA FOR MINIMUM RINFORCEMENT IN

FOUNDATION .................................................................................52
ATTACHMENT “B” FOUNDATION DETAILS AND DIAGRAM FOR SEWERS ........54
4
1. Scope
NIOEC specifications cover the general requirement for detailed engineering,
procurements, testing inspection & construction of refinery/oil plant, distribution depots,
pump stations and pipelines.
This specification defines the methods of calculation and general requirements for
the design of all civil works, including the following:
Foundations
Concrete structures
Steel structures
Concrete basins
Casing, sumps and inspection chambers
Paving
Ditches
Bridges and culverts
Sewers
Structures for buildings will be designed in accordance with the
requirements of this specification.
2. References
Throughout this standard the following dated and undated standards/codes are referred to
these referenced documents shall, to the extent specified here in, form a port of this
standard.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
supplements and amendments) applies. For dated references, the edition cited applies.
The applicability of changes in dated references that occur after the cited date , shall
mutually be agreed upon by NIOEC and the vender/contractor.
NIOEC- SP ( NIOEC SPECIFICATIONS )
- NIOEC-SP-00-10 “NIOEC specification for Units ”

- NIOEC-SP-00-02 “NIOEC specification for Site preparation-earth work and
sewers ”
- NIOEC-SP-10-1 “NIOEC specification for Concrete ”

- NIOEC-SP-10-2 “NIOEC specification for High temperature protection for
concrete ”
5
- NIOEC-SP-10-03 “NIOEC specification for Low temperature protection for
concrete ”
- NIOEC-SP-10-04 “NIOEC specification for Concrete used for fireproofing”
- NIOEC-SP-20-01 “NIOEC specification for Structural Steel Fabrication”
- NIOEC-SP-20-02 “NIOEC specification for Structural Steel Erection”
- NIOEC-SP-50-04 “NIOEC specification for Piping Material”
- NIOEC-SP-50-17 “NIOEC specification for Protection of Underground Steel Pipe ”
-NIOEC-SP-00-11 “NIOEC specification for Site Conditions”

-nn
- NIOEC Standard Drawings
Concrete works
- NIOEC-SD-1000-1/7~7/7-A4 “Anchor bolts”
- NIOEC-SD-1001-1/2 ~ 2/2-A4 “Sliding plates”
- NIOEC-SD-1003 -1/1 – A4 “Sleepers”
- NIOEC-SD-1005 -1/1 –A2 “Concrete paving details and joints”
- NIOEC-SD-1004-1/2 ~ 2/2–A4 “Steel plates on R.C. works”
- NIOEC-SD-1002-1/4 ~ 4/4-A4 “Fireproofing”
- NIOEC-SD-1005-1/1-A2 “Concrete paving”
Steel structures:
- NIOEC-SD-2000-1/13 ~ 13/13-A4 “ Stair & Handrail”
- NIOEC-SD-2001-1/4 ~ 4/4-A4 “ Ladder ”
- NIOEC-SD-2004 -1/1-A4 “ Toe plates for floor openings”
- NIOEC-SD-2000 -9/13 ~ 11/13-A4 “ Steel structures Railing Details”
- NIOEC-SD-2003-1/3 ~ 3/3 –A3 “ Platform for pipe crossing”
- NIOEC-SD-1007 -1/1-A0 “ Underground systems Abbreviations

and Symbols”
- NIOEC-SD-1006-1/10~10/10-A3 “ Underground System”
6
UBC “ UNIFORM BUILDING CODE ”

( UBC 1997 Edition )
ACI (AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE )
- ACI 211 “ Proportioning concrete mixes ”
- ACI 305 “ Hot weather concreting ”
- ACI 306 “ Cold weather concreting ”
- ACI 315 “ Manual of Standard Practice for Detailing

Reinforced Concrete Structures ”
- ACI 318 “ Building code requirements for Reinforced
Concrete ”
- A.C.I. 347 “ Recommended Practice for Concrete Formwork ”
- A.C.I. 304 “ Recommended Practice for Measuring,
“ Mixing, Transporting and Placing Concrete ”
- A.C.I. 350R “ Concrete Sanitary Engineering Structures ”
AISC ( AMERICN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION )
- AISC “ Specification for Design, Fabrication and ”

“ Erection of Structural Steel for Buildings ”
ASCE ( AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGNEERS)
- ASCE “ Manual of engineering practice no 42 ”
ASTM ( AMERICAN SOCIETY OF TESTING AND MATERIALS )
- ASTM A 36 “ Standard specification for structural steel ”

- ASTM A 496 “ Standard specification for steel wire, deformed, for concrete
reinforcement ”
- ASTM A 497 “ Standard specification for welded deformed steel wire fabric for
concrete reinforcement ”
- ASTM A 615 “ Standard specification for deformed and plain billet-steel bars for
concrete reinforcement (metric),including supplementary
requirements ”
7
- ASTM C 150 “ Standard specification for Portland

cement ”
AASHTO “ AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND
OFFICIALS ”
- ASSHTO “ Standard specification for highway bridges ”
3. UNITS
International system of units ( SI ) shall be used in accordance with NIOEC-SP-00-10,
unless otherwise specified.
4. DESIGN LOADS
4.1 design of plant structures the following loads and forces shall be considered in the design of
plant structures:
- Dead Load
- Operating Load
- Test Load
- Live Load
- Truck Load
- Thermal Load
- Snow Load
- Wind Load
- Earthquake Load
- Maintenance Load
- Impact Load
- Vibration Load
- Erection Load
4.1.1 Dead Load (DL) shall be considered as the weight of the materials forming a permanent
part of the structure unit. It shall be defined as the total weight of all empty vessels and
equipment, structures ,fireproofing, insulation, piping electrical conduit.
4.1.2 Operating Load (DL + EO) shall be defined as the dead load plus the weight of any
liquids or solids present within the vessels, equipment or piping during normal operation.
Also included in this definition is the weight of all permanently stored materials for
operation.
8
4.1.3 Test Load (ET) shall be defined as the dead load plus the weight of any liquid necessary
to pressure-test vessels, equipment or piping.
4.1.4 Live Load (LL) shall be defined as the weight of all movable loads including personnel,
tools, miscellaneous equipment, cranes, hoists parts of dismantled equipment, and
temporarily stored material.
4.1.4.1 The live loads shall be uniformly distributed over the horizontal projection of the
specified areas, and shall have the following minimum values:
Storage Areas (Loads to be determined from proposed use, but never
Less than) 6.00 KN/m2
Operating Areas 5.00 KN/m2
Access Areas 5.00 KN/m2
Stairs and Ramps 5.00 KN/m2
Laboratories & Offices 5.00 KN/m2
Special Loaded Area According to main-
tenance requirements
Heavy Storage Area 12.00 KN/m2
Platforms 5.00KN/ m2
Walk ways 5.00KN/ m2
Platforms, Walkways, Stairways and Ramps shall be capable of supporting a 500 kg
concentrated moving load. This load shall be applied to the support beams and columns
only.
4.1.4.2 Live load may be reduced in accordance with the Uniform Building Code. No reduction
is allowed for live loads exceeding 5.00 KN/m2, except For the live load transmitted to
the columns that may be reduced by 20%.
4.1.5 Truck Loads – All pavement, bridges, trenches and underground installations
accessible to truck loading shall be designed to with-stand HS 15 wheel loading as
defined by the American Association of state Highway & Transportation Officials
(ASSHTO) under Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges.
The effect of the load due to the “P&H Model 5170 150 ton CRAWLER CRANE” shall
also be evaluated and it shall be indicated whether the installation being designed
(Pavement, bridge, etc.) is able to withstand this load or not.
9
4.1.6 Thermal Loads (TL)

4.1.6.1 Thermal load shall be defined as those forces caused by a change in temperature. Such
forces shall include those caused by vessel or piping expansion or contraction, and
expansion or contraction of structures.
4.1.6.2 Taking into account the wide range of temperature occurring at site throughout a year,
expansion joints have to be provide at:
- convenient locations and the following data shall be used in thermal load calculation.
- Concrete and steel linear expansion factor: a= 0.000011/
- Thermal variation for concrete structures: delta T = ±30
- Thermal variation for steel structures: delta T = ±35 with
reference to the temperature at the moment of erection.
- It shall be selected the thermal variation (positive or negative) which produces the
most severe thermal load for the structure.
4.1.6.3 Friction loads due to thermal expansion of pipes, vessels, heat exchangers, fired
equipments and ducts shall be taken into account.
The following coefficients of static friction shall be used to
determine forces at sliding surfaces:
- Teflon on Teflon f = 0.1
- Teflon on stainless Steel f = 0.1
- Steel on Steel f = 0.3
- Steel on Concrete f = 0.4
4.1.7 Snow Loads (SL)

Snow load shall be considered as an uniform distributed load equal to 1.50 KN/m2
whenever applicable. This load shall be considered as applied on the horizontal
projection of the roof.
According to U.B.C. snow load on roofs having slope steeper than 20 degrees shall be
reduced for each degree of pitch over 20 degrees by Rs as determined by the following
formula:
S 2
Rs = − 0.024 = 0.013 KN/m
40
Where:
10
- Rs = Snow load reduction in KN/m2
- S = Total snow load in KN/m2
4.1.8 Wind Loads (WL)

4.1.8.1 Code: Uniform building code (U.B.C) Volume 2 1997edition Chapter 16.
4.1.8.2 Basic wind speed and exposure coefficient Basic wind speed shall be considered as per
geotechnical investigation report Appendix NO.
4.9.3 Loads
Design wind pressures for buildings and structures and elements therein shall be
determined for any height in accordance with the following formula:
p = Ce C q q s I w
P = design wind pressure

Ce = combined height, exposure and gust factor coefficient as given in Table 16-G.
Cq = pressure coefficient for the structure or portion of structure under consideration
as given in Table 16-H.
Iw = important factor as forth in Table 16-K.
qs= wind stagnation pressure at the standard height of 33 feet(10000mm) as set forth in
Table 16-F.
For more information and detail see U.B.C. code.
Table 16-F Wind stagnation pressure (qs) at standard height of 33 feet (10058mm)
Basic wind speed
(mph) (×1.61 for 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
km/h)
Pressure qs (psf)
12.6 16.4 20.8 25.6 31.0 36.9 43.3
(×0.0479 for kN/m2)
11
Table 16-G Combined height ,exposure and gust factor coefficient(Ce)1

Height above average level of
adjoining ground (feet) Exposure D Exposure C Exposure B
×304.8 for mm
0-15 1.39 1.06 0.62

20 1.45 1.13 0.67
25 1.50 1.19 0.72
30 1.54 1.23 0.76
40 1.62 1.31 0.84
60 1.73 1.43 0.95
80 1.81 1.53 1.04
100 1.88 1.61 1.13
120 1.93 1.67 1.20
160 2.02 1.79 1.31
200 2.10 1.87 1.42
300 2.23 2.05 1.63
400 2.34 2.19 1.80
1
value for intermediate heights above 15 feet (4572mm) may be interpolated.
Table 16-H Pressure coefficient(Cq)

Structure or part Description Cq Factor
thereof
1. Primary frames Method 1(Normal force method)

and system Walls:
Windward wall 0.8 inward
Leeward wall 0.5 outward
Roofs1
Wind perpendicular to ridge
Leeward roof or flat roof 0.7 outward
Windward roof
Less than 2:12 (16.7%) 0.7 outward
Slope 2:12 (16.7%) to less than 0.9 outward or
9:12 (75%) 0.3 inward
0.4 inward
Slope 9:12 to 12:12 (100%) 0.7 inward
Slope >12:12 (100%) 0.7 outward
Wind parallel to ridge and flat
roofs
Method 2(Projected area method)
On vertical projected area
Structures 40 feet (12192mm) or 1.3 horizontal any
less in height direction
Structure sover 40 1.3 horizontal any
feet(12192mm) in height direction
On horizontal projected area1 0.7 upward
12
2. Elements and Wall elements

components All structures 1.2 inward
not in area of Enclosed and unenclosed 1.2 outward
discontinuity2 structures 1.6 outward
Partially enclosed structures 1.3 inward or outward
Parapets walls
Roof elements3
Enclosed and unclosed structures
Slope <7:12 (58.3%) 1.3 outward
Slope 7:12 (58.3%) to 12:12 1.3 outward or inward
(100%)
Partially enclosed structures 1.7 outward
Slope <2:12 (16.7%) 1.6 outward or 0.8
Slope 2:12 (16.7%)to 7:12 inward
(58.3%) 1.7 outward or inward
Slope>7:12(58.3%)to
12:12(100%)
3. Element and Wall corners6 1.5 outward or 1.2
components in Roof eaves, rakes or ridges inward
area of without overhangs6
discontinuities2,4,5 Slope <2:12 (16.7%)
Slope 2:12 (16.7%)to 7:12 2.3 upward
(58.3%) 2.6 outward
Slope>7:12(58.3%)to 1.6 outward
12:12(100%)
For slopes less than 2:12 (16.7%)
Overhangs at roof eaves, rakes or 0.5 added to values
ridge, and canopies above
4. Chimneys, tanks Square or rectangular 1.4 any direction
and solid towers Hexagonal or octagonal 1.1 any direction
Round or elliptical 0.8 any direction
5. Open-frame Square and rectangular
towers7,8 Diagonal 4.0
Normal 3.6
Triangular 3.2
6. Tower Cylindrical members
accessories (such 2 inches(51mm) or less in 1.0
as ladders, diameter 0.8
conduit, lights Over 2 inches (51mm) in 1.3
and elevators diameter
Flat or angular members
7. Sign, flagpoles,
light poles, minor
structures8 1.4 any direction
FOOTNOTES TO TABLE 16-H
1
For one story or the top story of multistory partially enclosed structures, an additional
value of 0.5 shall be added to the outward Cq. The most critical combination shall be used
for design. For definition of partially enclosed structures, see UBC Section 1614.
2
Cq values listed are for 10-square-foot (0.93m2) tributary areas. For tributary areas of 100
square feet (9.29m2), the value of 0.3 may be subtracted from Cq, except for areas at
discontinuities with slopes less than 7 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (58.3% slope)
where the value of 0.8 may be subtracted from Cq. Interpolating may be used for tributary
13
areas between 10 and 100 square feet (0.93m2 and 9.29m2). For tributary areas greater
than 1,000 square feet (92.9m), use primary frame values.
3
For slopes grater than 12 units vertical in12 units horizontal (100% slope), use wall
element values.
4
Local pressures shall apply over a distance from the discontinuity of 10 feet (3048mm) or
0.1 times the least width of the structure, whichever is smaller.
5
Discontinuities at wall corners or roof ridges are defined as discontinuous breaks in the
surface where the included interior angle measures 170 degrees or less.
6
Load is to be applied on either side of discontinuity but not simultaneously on both sides.
7
Wind pressures shall be applied to the total normal projected area of all elements on one
face. The forces shall be assumed to act parallel to the wind direction.
8
Factors for cylindrical elements are two thirds of those for flat or angular
elements.
14
Occupancy Occupancy or functions of Seismic Seismic Wind

Category structure impor- impor- import-
tance tance1 ance
factor, factor, factor,
I Ip Iw
1.Essential Group I. Division 1 Occupancies 1.25 1.50 1.15
facilities having surgery and emergency
treatment areas
Fire and police stations
Garages and shelters for
emergency vehicles and
emergency aircraft
Structures and shelters in
emergency-preparedness centers
Aviation control towers
Structures and equipment in
government
Communication centers and other
facilities requires for emergency
response
Standby power-generating
equipment for Category 1
facilities
Tanks or other structures
containing housing or supporting
water or other fire-suppression
material or equipment required for
the protection of Category 1,2 or 3
structures
2.Hazardous Group H, Divisions 1,2,6 and 7 1.25 1.50 1.15
facilities Occupancies and structures therein
housing or supporting toxic or
explosive chemicals or substances
Non building structures housing,
supporting or containing quantities
of toxic or explosive substances
which, if contained within a
building, would cause that
building to be classified as a
Group H, Division 1,2 or 7
Occupancy
15
3.Special Group A, Divisions 1,2 and 2.1 1.00 1.00 1.00

occupancy Occupancies
structures Building housing Group E,
Divisions 1 and 3
Occupancies with a capacity
greater than 300 students
Buildings housing Group B
Occupancies used for college or
adult education with a capacity
greater than 500 students
Group I, Divisions 1 and 2
Occupancies with 50 or more
resident incapacitated patients, but
not included in Category 1
Group I, Division 3 Occupancies
All structures with an occupancy
greater than 5000 persons
Structures and equipment in
power-generating stations: and
other public utility facilities not
included in Category 1 or
Category 2 above, and required
for continued operation
4.Standard All structures housing occupancies 1.00 1.00 1.00
occupancy or having functions not list in
structures Category 1,2 or 3 and Group U
Occupancy towers
5. Group U Occupancies except for 1.00 1.00 1.00
Miscellaneo towers
us structures
1
The limitation of Ipfor panel connection in Section 1633.2.4 shall be 1.0 for the entire
connection.
2
Structural observation requirements are given in Section 1702.
3
For anchorage of machinery and equipment required for life-safety systems the value of Ip
shall be taken as 1.5.
16
4.1.9 Earthquake Load(EL)

4.1.9.1 Code: Uniform building code (U.B.C) Volume 2 1997edition Chapter 16.
4.1.9.2 Seismic Zone
Seismic zone shall be considered as per IRANIAN CODE OF PRACTICE FOR
SEISMIC RESISTANT DESIGN OF BUILDINGS (SEISMIC MACROZONATION
HAZARD MAP OF IRAN)
4.1.9.3 Loads
Every structure shall be designed and constructed to withstand minimum total lateral
seismic forces assumed to act no concurrently in the direction of each of the main axes of
the structure in accordance with the following formula:
Design base shear .The total design base shear in a given direction shall be determined from
the following formula:
CvI
V= W
RT
The total design base shear need not exceed the following:
2.5CaI
V= W
R
The total design base shear shall not be less than the following:
V = 0.11CaIW
In addition , for seismic zone 4 the total base shear shall also not be less than the following:
0 .8 ZNvI
V = W
R
V=the total design lateral force or shear at base
Cv= seismic coefficient, as set forth in table 16-R
I=important factor given in table 16-k
R=numerical coefficient representative of the inherent over strength and global ductility
capacity of lateral force resisting systems, as set forth in table 16-N or 16-P
T= elastic fundamental period of vibration ,in seconds ,of the structure in the
direction under consideration
Ca=seismic coefficient, as set forth in table 16-Q
17
Z=seismic zone factor AS GIVEN IN Table 16-I

Nv=near source factor used in the determination of Cv in seismic zone 4 related to both the
proximity of the building or structure to know faults with magnitudes and slip rates as set
forth in Table 16-T and 16-U
W= the total seismic dead load
For more information and detail see U.B.C. 1997 CHAP.16.DIV.IV
-Structure Period. The value of T shall be determined from one of the following methods:
Method A:
T = Ct ( hn ) 3 / 4
Ct = 0.035 (0.0853) for steel moment-resisting frames.
Ct = 0.030 (0.0731) for reinforced concrete moment-resisting frames and eccentrically
braced frames.
Ct = 0.020 (0.0488) for all other buildings.
Method B:
⎛ n ⎞ ⎛ n ⎞
T = 2π ⎜ ∑ wi δ i2 ⎟ ÷ ⎜ g ∑ f i δ i ⎟
⎝ i =1 ⎠ ⎝ i =1 ⎠
The value of ƒi represent any lateral force distributed approximately in accordance with the
principal's of above formula
For more information and detail see U.B.C. 1997 CHAP.16.DIV.IV
Rigid structures (those with period T less than 0.06 second) and their anchorages shall be
designed for the lateral forced obtained from Formula:
V=0.7 Ca IW
The force V shall be distributed according to the distribution of mass and shall be assumed
to act in any horizontal direction.
For more information and detail see U.B.C. code.
Table 16-I Seismic zone factor Z
Zone 1 2A 2B 3 4
Z 0.075 0.15 0.20 0.30 0.40
18
Table 16-J –SOIL PROFILE TYPES
AVERAGE SOIL PROPERTIES FOR TOP 100

FEET (30480MM)OF SOIL PROFILE
Standard
SHEAR
SOIL SOIL PROFILE penetration
WAVE Untrained
PROFILE NAME/GENERIC test, N[or NCH
VELOCITY shear
TYPE DESCRIPTION for cohesion
,Vs strength's puff
less soil
feet/second(m/s (kappa)
layers](blows/f
)
oot)
SA HARD ROCK >5,000(1,500)
- -
2,500 to 5,000
SB ROCK
(760 to 1,500)
VERY DENCE
1,200 to 2,500 >2,000
SC SOIL AND SOFT >50
(360 to 760) (1000)
ROCK
SOFT SOIL 600 to 1,200 1,000 to 2,000
SD 15 to 50
PROFILE (180 to 360) (50 to 100)
SOFT SOIL <600 <1,000
SE <15
PROFIL (180) (50)
SF Soil Requiring Site specific Evaluation. See section 1629.3.1
Soil profile Type SE also includes any soil profile with more than 10 feet (3048mm)of soft clay
defined as a soil with a plasticity index , PI >20,Wmc>40 percent and <500 puff (24 kappa).The
plasticity index, pi and the moisture content, Waco, shall be determined in accordance with
approved national standard.
19
Table 16-N Structural systems

HEIGHT LIMIT FOR
SEISMIC ZONES3 AND
1 Ωo
Basic structure system Lateral force-resisting system-Description R 4(FEET)
×304.8 for mm
1. Light-framed walls with shear panels P
- Wood structural panel walls for structures three
stories or less 5.5 2.8 65
- All other light-framed walls
2. Shear walls 4.5 2.8 65
- Concrete
- Masonry 4.5 2.8 160
1. Bearing wall system 3. Light steel-framed bearing walls with tension- 4.5 2.8 160
only bracing 2.8 2.2 65
4. Braced frames where bracing carries gravity
loads
- Steel
- Concrete4 4.4 2.2 160
- Heavy timber 2.8 2.2 -
2.8 2.2 65
7.0 2.8 240

1. Steel eccentrically braced frame (EBF)
2. Light-framed walls with shear panels
- Wood structural panel walls for structures three
stories or less 6.5 2.8 65
- All other light-framed walls
3. shear walls 5.0 2.8 65
2. Building Frame
- Concrete
- Masonry 5.5 2.8 240
System
4. Ordinary braced frames 5.6 2.2 160
- Steel
- Concrete4 5.6 2.2 160
- Heavy timber 5.6 2.2 -
5. Special concentrically braced frames 5.6 2.2 65
a. steel
6.4 2.2 240
1. Special moment-resisting frames (SMRF)

- Steel
- Concrete 8.5 2.8 N.L.
2. Masonry moment-resisting wall frame 8.5 2.8 N.L.
3.Concrete intermediate moment-resisting frames 6.5 2.8 160
(IMRF)5
3. Moment-resisting Frame 4.Ordinary moment-resisting frames (OMRF) 5.5 2.8 -
System - Steel6
- Concrete7
5.Special truss moment frames of steel(STMF)
4.5 2.8 160
3.5 2.8 -
6.5 2.8 240
1. shear walls
a. Concrete with SMRF 8.5 2.8 N.L
b. Concrete with steel OMRF 4.2 2.8 160
c. Concrete with Concrete IMRF5 6.5 2.8 160
d. Masonry with SMRF 5.5 2.8 160
e. Masonry with steel OMRF 4.2 2.8 160
f. Masonry with CONCRETE imrf3 4.2 2.8 -
g. Masonry with masonry MMRWF 8.0 2.8 160
2.Steel EBF
a. With steel SMRF 8.5 2.8 N.L
Dual system
b. With steel OMRF 4.2 2.8 160
3. Ordinary braced frances
a. Steel with steel SMRF 6.5 2.8 N.L
b. Steel with steel OMRF 4.2 2.8 160
C. Concrete with concrete SMRF 3 6.5 2.8
d. Concrete with concrete IMRF3 4.2 2.8
4. Special concentrically braced frames
a. Steel with Steel SMRF 7.2 2.8 N.L
b. Steel with steel OMRF 4.2 2.8 160
5. Cantilevered columm building 1. Cantilevered columm elements 2.2 2.8 356

system
6. Shear wall-frame interaction 1. Concrete 8 5.5 2.8 160
system
See Sections 1629.6.7 and 1629.9.2
7. Undefined systems - - -
NOTE : Refere Next Page
20
NOTE : Table.16-n
N.L.-NO limit
1 See UBC section 1630 4 for combination of structural system.
2
Basic structural systems are defined in UBC section 1629.6.
3
prohibited in seismic zone 3 and 4
4
Includes precast concrete conforming to section 1921.2.7.
5
prohibited in seismic zone 3 and 4. except as permitted in section 1634.2.
6
ordinary moment resisting frames in seismic zone 1 meeting the requirements of section
2211.6 may use a R value of 8.
6
Total height of the building including cantilevered columns.
7
Prohibited in Seismic Zones 2A, 2B, 3 and 4. See Section 1631.2.7.
4.1.10 Maintenance Load (ML)

4.1.10.1 Maintenance load shall be defined as temporary forces caused by the
dismantling, repair or painting of equipment
4.1.10.2 Structure and foundations supporting exchangers shall be designed for

a longitudinal force applied at the cancroids of the tube bundle. This
force, shall be supported by the support at the fixed end only, and it
shall be equal 0.33 times the bundle weight or 10 KN whichever is
greater.
4.1.11 IMPACT LOAD (IL) shall be defined as an equivalent static force caused
by a moving object.
For structures supporting live loads which induce impact, the assumed
live load shall be increased sufficiently to provide for the impact.
If not otherwise specified the increase shall be:
Elevator Supports 100%
Gantry and Bridge-Crane Supports 25%
Monorail Supports 25%
Machinery 50%
Davits 50%
Davits shall be designed for maximum lifted load, but not less than a total load of 500 kg.
Lateral impact loads and crane runway horizontal forces shall be as
follows:
21
(1) Craneways – Transverse force – 20% of lifted load, hoist and

trolley (but excluding the bridge) applied to top of rails, one-
half to each rail. Longitudinal force – 10% of the maximum wheel
loads.
(2) Monorails – Transverse force – 20% of the lifted load.
Longitudinal force – 10% of the lifted load, hoist and trolley.
(3) Handrails for stairs, platforms or other uses shall be designed
to withstand a uniform load of 300 N per linear meter applied at
the top rail (30 Kg/m).
(4) Davits shall be designed to withstand a lateral force of 20% of
the lifted load.
Vertical, transverse and longitudinal impact are not considered to act
concurrently
4.1.12 VIBRATION LOAD (VL)

Vibration load shall be defined as those forces which are caused by
vibrating machinery such as pumps, blowers, fans and compressors as
defined in par. 6.
4.1.13 ERECTION LOAD (CL)
Erection load shall be defined as temporary forces caused by erection
of structures or equipment.
4.2 Loading Combinations

The following combinations of loads shall be used in the design of
Structures and foundations, and shall be used for stability
calculations except that loads of special nature shall receive proper
consideration.
(1) Erection load plus wind load or seismic
CL + WL (or EL)
(2) Dead load plus live load plus operating load plus thermal
force plus unbalanced load from vibrating equipment plus
impact load
DL + LL + EO + TL + VL + IL
(3) Dead load plus live load plus unbalanced load from vibrating
equipment plus wind or seismic force
DL + LL + EO + VL + WL (or EL)
22
(4) Dead load plus wind load or seismic load

DL + WL (or EL)
(5) Dead load plus 50% live load plus test load plus 20% of wind
load or 20% seismic load
DL + 0.5 LL + ET + 0.2 WL (or 0.2 EL)
(6) Dead load plus 50% live load plus test load
DL + 0.5 LL + ET
(7) Dead load plus 50% live plus maintenance load
DL + 0.5 LL + ML
Weight of pipes and accessories and catalyst are considered as
dead load when they are attached permanently or installed
respectively.
In ultimate strength design the above loads shall be increased
by appropriate factors as mentioned in related codes, and in
next paragraph 2.16.
In elastic design method the allowable stresses for all
structural steel elements (anchor bolts included) shall be
increased:
20% for Loading combination (6);
33% for Loading combination (3) (4) (5),
this last increase does not apply to anchor bolts of spheres
and vertical vessels.
4.3 Appropriate load factors for loading combinations in “Ultimate Strength Design” method
(1) Combination of “Erection Load” and “Wind Load” or “Seismic
Load”
A.C.I. : U = 0.9D + 1.3 W or
U = 0.9D + 1.3 x 1.1 x E
where:
D=CL; W=WL; E=EL
(2) Combination of “Dead Load: plus “Operating Load” plus “Thermal force” plus
“Vibrating Equipment Load” plus “Impact Load”
A.C.I. : U = 1.4D + 1.7L
U = 0.75(1.4D + 1.4T + 1.7L)
U = 1.4 (D + T)
The most severe of a.m. equations shall be applied.
Where:
T = TL; L = LL + IL
23
D = DL + EO + VL
(3) Combination of “Dead Load” plus “Live Load” plus “Operating Load” plus “Vibrating
Equipment Load” plus “Wind Load” or
“Seismic Load”
A.C.I. : U = 0.75 (1.4D + 1.7L + 1.7W) or
U = 0.75 (1.4D + 1.7L + 1.7x1.1xE)
Where:
D = DL + EO + VL
L = LL; W = WL; E = EL
(4) Combination of “Dead Load” plus “Wind Load” or “Seismic Load”
A.C.I : U = 0.9D + 1.3W or
U = 0.9D + 1.3x1.1xE
where:
D = DL; W = WL, E = EL
(5) Combination of “Dead Load” plus 50% “Live Load” plus “Test
Load” plus 20% “Wind Load” or 20% “Seismic Load”
A.C.I. : U = 0.75 (1.4D + 1.7L + 1.7W) or
U = 0.75 (1.4D + 1.7L + 1.7x1.1xE)
where:
D = DL + ET; L = 0.5xLL; W= 0.2 x WL; E = 0.2 x EL
(6) Combination of “Dead Load” plus 50% “Live Load” plus “Test
Load”
A.C.I. : U = 1.4 D + 1.7 L
where:
D = DL + ET; L = 0.5 x LL
24
(7) Combination of “Dead Load” plus 50% “Live Load” plus
“Maintenance Load”
A.C.I. : U = 0.75 (1.4D +1.7L + 1.7W)
where:
D = DL; L = 0.5 LL; W = ML
5 SOIL CONDITIONS & FOUNDATIONS
Soil condition &Foundations shall be considered based on geotechnical soil investigation

reports
5.1Type of Foundation
All the foundations will be single type located at minimum 1.0 m depth below finished
grade to prevent any problem due to frost penetration.
According to chemical test results it is recommended to use Portland cement Type.
5.2 Foundation soil bearing capacity
The allowable bearing capacity and mean value of allowable bearing capacity for single and
continuous footing shall be established based on geotechnical soil investigation report.
5.3 Soil type

The soil type is considered based on soil investigation report. It can be used to determine
the seismic force.
5.4 Stability against sliding and overturning

Coefficient of friction between foundation and soil is:
f=0.4
Safety factor against sliding shall be:
SF ≥1.5
Safety factor against overturning shall be:
SF ≥1.5
6. STRUCTRAL CONCRETE
6.1 Types of concrete structures
Concrete works provided under this specification shall be of the “cast
in place” type.
6.2 Concrete Strength
Minimum compressive strength requirements are:
- for water basins : f1c≥28.1 N/mm2 (4000 p.s.i)
- for precast concrete pipe rack : f1c≥25 N/mm2 (3500 p.s.i)
25
- for structures, foundations,
paving, basins and for all other
structural concrete works : f1c≥21.1 N/mm2 (3000 p.s.i)
- for fireproofing and duct bank : f1c≥18N/mm2 (2500 p.s.i)
- for lean concrete : f1c≥8.0N/mm2 (1100 p.s.i)
- for sulfate-resistant cement minimum cement content should not be less
than 310kg/m3 and regular cement types, it should not be less than 350kg/m3.
6.3 Reinforcing Steel
6.3.1 Deformed Steel bars
Deformed reinforcing steel bars shall be Grade 60 (minimum yield
strength fy = 414 N/mm2) in accordance with ASTM 615 or alternative
equivalent material upon NIOC approval.
6.3.2 Plain Steel Bars
Plain Steel Bars reinforcing steel bars shall be Grade 40 (minimum yield strength
fy = 276 N/mm2) in accordance with ASTM A 615 or alternative
equivalent material upon NICO approval.
6.3.3 Steel Welded Wire Fabric
Welded wire fabric shall be Grade 70 (minimum yield strength 485
N/mm2) in accordance with ASTM standards A 496 and A 497 or
alternative equivalent material upon NIOEC approval.
6.4 Anchor bolts, Plates and Steel Shapes for insert

Material for anchor bolts, plates and steel shapes for insert shall be
ASTM A 36 weld able type in accordance with ASTM standard, or
alternative equivalent material upon NIOC approval.
6.5 Allowable stresses
Allowable stresses for reinforcing steel and concrete shall be in
accordance with A.C.I. 318.
6.6 Allowable Displacements and Deflections
Design deflection of structural concrete members shall be in
26
accordance with:
“A.C.I. 318” (Chapter 9.5, Table 9.5 b)
6.7 Concrete Cover
The following minimum cover shall be provided for reinforcement of
cast in place concrete, in accordance with A.C.I.318 (Chapter 7.7):
- Concrete cast against and permanently exposed to earth: 75 mm
- Concrete exposed to earth: 50 mm
- Concrete in elevation exposed to weather:
for bars ≤ φ16 40 mm
for bars > φ16 50 mm
- concrete not exposed to weather nor in contact with ground:
a) Slabs, walls, joists 20 mm
b) Beams and columns 40mm
c) Shells, folded plate members:
for bars ≤ φ16 15 mm
for bars > φ16 20 mm
6.8 Projection of Foundation and Grouting

Top of concrete foundations shall be at a minimum of 200 mm above the
high point of concrete paving or ground level.
To allow for adjustment of pumps, exchangers, drums, towers, steel
structures, etc. , the bearing surface of concrete foundation blocks
shall initially be 25 mm (minimum) below the final level unless
otherwise specified.
6.9 Minimum Reinforcement For Elevated Structures and Foundations
Minimum reinforcement shall be according to ACI 318.
For footings and pedestals see also Attachment A.
6.10 Concrete Fire Proofing
Concrete fire proofing shall conform to standard drawings:
SD-1002 SHEET 1 ~ 4.
6.11 Concrete Basins
Concrete basins shall be calculated according to ACI 350R.
27
7. STRUCTURAL STEEL
7.1. Material
Material shall be in accordance with ASTM A 36 or alternative equivalent.
7.1.1. Bolts
- Bolts for structural joints shall conform to ASTM A 325 or alternative
equivalent.
- Bolts for secondary connections shall conform to ASTM A307 Grade
A or alternative equivalent.
- Nuts for normal type and for high strength type shall conform to
ASTM A 563 or alternative equivalent.
- Washers shall conform to ASTM F 436 or alternative equivalent.
7.2. Allowable Stresses
Allowable stresses for structural steel shall be in accordance with AISC code.
7.3. Allowable Displacements and Deflections
Design deflection of structural steel members shall not exceed the
following values:
- Purline and grits of sloped roofs L/200
- Floor beams without equivalent. L/300
- Pipe rack beams L/300
- Floor beams supporting equipment L/450
(provided that manufacturer’s
recommendations are not conflict)

- Cantilever beams L/400
- Cranes′runway beams (vertical, due to
max wheel loads) L/800
- Cranes′s runway beams (horizontal, due

to max wheel loads) H/1600
- Frames (horizontal) H/300
in which: L = span of the beam; H = Height of the frame.
28
Deflection of steel structures members, shall be anyway in accordance

with:
“U. B. C.” (Table 16-D) and “A. I. S. C.” (Section 1.13)
7.4. Connections
7.4.1. Shop connections shall normally be welded.
7.4.2. Field connections shall normally be high strength bolted.
7.4.3. Gusset plates shall not be less than 8 mm thick.
8. SUPPORTING STRUCTURES AND FOUNDATIONS FOR HEAVY

MACHINERY
8.1. Scope
The following mandatory requirements shall govern the design and testing
of supporting structures and foundations for heavy machinery.
8.2. Definitions
Heavy machinery is any equipment having reciprocating or rotary masses
as the major moving parts (Such as reciprocating or rotary compressors,
pumps, engines and turbines) and having a gross plan area of more than 2.8m2 or a
total weight greater than 23 KN.
8.3. Design Criteria for All Heavy Machinery
8.3.1. Dynamic modulus of elasticity of concrete (E′) in MPa for use in the
dynamic analysis shall be.
E′= 6630 f c'
where f’c = 28 days cylinder strength, in MPa (N/mm2).
8.3.2. Soil bearing pressure shall not exceed 50% of the net allowable values
for static loads of centrifugal machines and 25% for reciprocating machines.
8.3.3. Shrinkage and thermal expansion effects shall be taken into account.
Minimum reinforcement of 16 mm, dia bars, 300 mm spaced extending
horizontally and vertically near all faces of foundation block shall be provided.
8.3.4. Following rules shall be considered in supporting structure design:
(1) Simple structure geometry;
(2) Beams and columns shape should be uniform and rectangular;
(3) Pockets where vapors could accumulate are not permitted;
29
(4) To prevent fatigue failures, all sections shall be proportioned

to resist the sum of : static dead and live loads, plus three (3)
times dynamic loads.
8.3.5. All parts of machine supports shall be independent from the adjacent foundations and
buildings. Concrete floor slabs, adjacent to the machine foundation, shall be spaced a
minimum of 12 mm from the foundation. The space between slab and foundation
shall be filled with a flexible join filler and sealer.
8.3.6. The thickness of the foundation slab, in meters, shall not be less than the greater of :
ThK = 0.6 + L/30 or
ThK = L/10
where :
- For one machinery train :
L = Longest dimension of the foundation slab.
- For two or more machinery trains supported by a common foundation :
L = The greater of :
- Width of the common slab;
- Maximum slab segment length assigned to any one train.
8.3.7. The height of supports above grade shall be the minimum required
to accommodate suction and discharge piping configuration.
8.4. Design Criteria for Reciprocating Machinery
8.4.1.Direct support is required for reciprocating machinery and the foundation shall be as
follows :
(1) Total foundation weight shall be at least 5 times the total machinery weight ;
(2) Horizontal eccentricity in any direction, between the centroid of mass of the
machine foundation system and the centroid of the
base contact area, shall not exceed 5% of the respective base dimension;
(3) The center of gravity of the machine – foundation system should be as close as
possible to the lines of action of the unbalanced forces;
(4) Compressor foundations shall include integral supports for the pulsation bottles;
30
8.4.2. Dynamic design shall be as follows :

(1) Barkan′s theory or elastic-half-space theory by Suresh C. Arya and Roland P.
Drewyer shall be utilized to carry out the calculations of natural frequencies and
amplitudes;
(2) If possible the natural frequencies in the modes being excited shall preferably
be out of the range of 0.7 to 1.4 times the disturbing frequencies of any machine
on the foundation; but if not possible the effect of damping should be
considered.
(3) Primary forces, couples and moments shall be applied at machine speed to
calculate primary amplitudes;
(4) Secondary forces, couples and moments shall be applied at twice the machine
speed to calculate secondary amplitudes;
(5) Total amplitude shall be calculated by combining , in phase, primary and
secondary amplitudes; no total peak-to-peak amplitude on foundation shall
exceed 0.05 mm.
8.5. Design Criteria for Rotary Machinery
8.5.1 Rotary machinery may be supported either on a direct foundation or an elevated
structure.
8.5.2 Direct foundations for rotary machinery shall be as per 6.4.1 (2) and
(3) of this specification and the weight of the foundation shall be at
least 3 times the weight of the machinery.
8.5.3 Elevated structures for rotary machinery shall be as follows:
(1) Machinery loads shall be directly over vertical supports, where possible;
(2) Within the weight requirements of the foundation, the upper table and the
foundation slab shall be as rigid as possible in the horizontal plane;
8.5.4 Static design for all types of foundations shall take into account the
following loads:
(1) Dead weight of machines and their base plates;
(2) Transversal forces representing 25% of the weight of each machine,
including its base plate, applied normal to its shaft at a point
midway between the end bearings;
(3) Longitudinal forces representing 25% of the weight of each
machine, including its base plate, applied along the shaft axis;
(4) Total transversal and total longitudinal forces per b. and c.
above shall not be considered to act concurrently.
31
8.5.5 Dynamic design for all types of foundations shall be as follows:

(1) Natural frequency analysis and frequency response analysis shall
be carried out using Barkan′s theory.
(2) If possible all natural frequencies shall be out of the range of
0.7 to 1.4 times operating speed of any machine supported
thereon. but if not possible the dumping should be considered;
Short circuit couples, oil whirl frequency, rotor critical speeds
and background vibration shall also be considered;
(3) Torsional, transverse and longitudinal horizontal natural
frequencies should be determined considering the whole structure.
(4) Multi-degrees of freedom shall be considered if a single degree
of freedom system will not lead to a reasonable mathematical
representation of the structure;
(5) Amplitudes shall be determined using dynamic forces from each
rotor, calculated as follows:
Rotorweight × RotorSpeed (rpm)

Dynamic force =
6,000
(6) Total amplitude on the structure of foundation in any direction
shall not exceed the values indicated in the following table:
ALLOWABLE AMPLITUDES TABLE
ROTOR SPEED MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE
(rpm) PEAK-TO-PEAK AMPLITUDE (mm)
0-999 0.0229
1,000-1,149 0.0203
1,150-1,299 0.0178
1,300-1,499 0.0152
1,500-and above 0.0127
32
8.6 Design Criteria of Light Vibrating Machinery
8.6.1. Following mandatory requirements shall govern the design of supporting
structures and foundations for light vibrating machinery.
8.6.2. Light vibrating machinery is any equipment having reciprocating or
rotary masses as the major moving parts (such as reciprocating or
rotary compressors, horizontal pumps etc.) and having both a gross
plan area less than 2.8 m2 and a total weight less than 23 KN and
operating speed greater than 1,200 r.p.m.
8.6.3 For light vibrating machinery dynamic design shall be neglected. But
weight of foundation must be at least 3 times the total rotary
machines weight or 5 times the total reciprocating machines weight.
8.6.4 Minimum reinforcement for shrinkage shall be in accordance with the

following table:
BLOCK BARS
THICKNES REINFORCEMENT SPACING
S (mm)
h≤1200 As ≥0.0015×Ag s ≤ 300
h>1200 A’s≥3×2×dc×s/100 s ≤ 300
Ag = gross area of concrete section

As = area of steel for a given width
As′s= area of steel for a given width per meter of length
dc = thickness of concrete cover from bar centroid to concrete
surface
φ=bar diameter
REINFORCEMENT SHALL BE UNIFORMLY
DISTRIBUTED AT ALL FOUNDATION BLOCK FACES
The minimum areas of steel listed in this table are in accordance with section 6.4 of
“A.C.I. 207. 2R-73”
33
9. CONCRETE PAVING
9.1. Scope and reference

Scope: the present design criteria cover general requirements for the
design of concrete paving.
Reference: Concrete pavement design for roads and streets carrying
all classes traffic published by Portland Cement Association.
9.2. Sub base requirements
Sub base shall have a California Bearing Ratio (C.B.R.) of not less
than 25%.
9.3. Concrete Paving Requirements

(1) Concrete paving in general is adopted in entire process areas.
(2) Contraction joints in paved area shall not be more than 16-20 m
apart with a maximum area of about 380 m2 and shall extend to the
full depth of the concrete slab. They shall be filled for 6 mm in
width and 30 mm in depth with a suitable, hydrocarbon resistant,
not extruding material.
In correspondence of contraction joints dowel bars shall be
foreseen to transfer at least 20% of the load across the joint to
Ensure collaboration between the two parts. Half length of the
Dowel bars shall be oiled to prevent bond with the concrete.
(3) Construction joints shall not be more than 12 m apart and shall
extend to the full depth of the slab. They shall be filled for 6
mm in width and 30 mm in depth with a suitable, hydrocarbon
resistant, not extruding material.
The reinforcement shall be continuous, or equivalent tie bars
shall be provided.
(4) Dummy joints or control joint in paved area shall not be more
than 6 m apart. They shall be 6 mm wide and 30 mm deep and filled
with a suitable, hydrocarbon resistant, not extruding material.
The cut in concrete shall be made after casting.
(5) Concrete paving shall be separated from all foundation piers
above grade by 6 mm thick resilient jointing material and sealed
with a suitable, hydrocarbon resistant, not extruding material.
34
(6) Paving in areas liable to the spillage of either caustic or acid

solutions shall be curbed and properly proofed.
(7) Curbs, where required, to retain spilled material shall generally
be 150 mm high x 100 mm wide, reinforced and cast integrally with
paving.
(8) Concrete paving may bear small equipments (small pumps skid
mounted packages) with local strengthening limited to 50 KN/m 2 .
9.4 Paving Thickness
paving thickness shall be in accordance with standard Drawings
SD-1005 Sheet 1~2.
10. BUILDINGS
10.1. Scope
The purpose of this section is to establish which of the design loads
defined in chapter 2. are applicable for design of foundations and
Structures of buildings and to define the additional loads relevant to
Buildings ′structures only, which should be considered only for building
structures when repaired.
Structures and foundations supporting equipment inside buildings will
be designed using loads and load combinations stated in chapter 2. as
applicable (e.g.: equipment and platforms inside Power House, utilities
buildings, Tel building)
These criteria only deal with the design and sizing of structural
elements and foundations, the architectural design, internal
arrangement requirements and finishing schedule of buildings are given
separately in specifications related to each building (or each type of
building) .
10.2 Design Loads

The following loads shall be considered in design of building
structures and foundation
(1) Dead load DL
(2) Live load LL
(3) Snow load SL
(4) Wind load WL
35
(5) Earthquake load EL

(6) Impact load IL
(7) Thermal load TL
(8) Blast load BL
Definition of loads from 1 to 7 stated in chapter 2. are confirmed, as applicable.
10.2.1. Blast load

Blast load is defined as that produced by the short-term dynamic
pressure due to an explosion. Which is produced by on explosion.
10.3. Blast resistant structures

The blast resistant structures shall be designed according to the
Following codes:
ACI 318
Building Code requirements for Reinforced Concrete.
AISC
Specification for Design, Fabrication and Erection of Structural
Steel for Buildings.
ASCE
Manual of Engineering practice No. 42-Design of Structures to Resist
Nuclear Weapons Effects.
10.3.1. Definitions
Blast resistant buildings are defined as those designed to experience
only slight to moderate damage when subjected to the short-term
dynamic pressures which is produced by an external bomb explosion. The
intent is that personnel are kept safe and equipment and facilities
remain operable.
10.3.2. Design
(1) Blast resistant structures will be designed to withstand the
explosion of a ″500 lb G.P. aerial bomb ″blasting at ground level
at 10 meters from the building.
(2) The dynamic capacity of the structures will be determined
according to the ultimate strength method for reinforced concrete
as provided by MCA Safety Guide SG 22; ASCE – Manual of
Engineering practice No.42 and applicable technical literature.
36
(3) The following requirements will be observed:

- wall thickness : as required by the analysis but not
less than 300 mm
- roof slab thickness : as required by the analysis but not
less than 250 mm
- Where double roof is foreseen the arrangement will be as
follows:
- a layer of 600 mm of sand will be laid on top of the
structural roof (fragile hollow elements may be embedded
into the sand layer);
· a R.C. 150 mm thick slab, will be constructed on top of
the sand layer;
· insulation, waterproofing and water drainage will be
provided, as per ordinary buildings.
(4) Allowable stresses for materials other than structural steel, reinforcing steel,
and concrete shall be based on their ability by sustain deformation without
loss of functional purposes.
(5) Reinforced concrete members shall be designed for continuity and resistance to
loads in either direction, and shall be designed so that the tension steel yields
before the concrete fails in compression or shear (ductile behavior).
(6) Structural steel members shall be designed for development of full plastic
strength at the joints.
10.3.3 Foundation design
(1) For foundation design, the permissible soil bearing pressure may
be taken 80% of ultimate value.
(2) Passive resistance of foundation shall be equal to or greater
than 1.5 times the unbalanced lateral load, where the unbalanced
lateral load is defined as the total horizontal dynamic reaction
force less frictional resistance to sliding.
10.3.4. Doors, Windows and Openings
- At least two means of exit should be provided at different sides
of the building.
37
These doors should be designed in the same way of external walls and considering a ductility
ratio: Xm/Xy =10. They should preferably be flush with external walls and should
open outward by means of ″quick opening anti-panic″bars.
- Windows should be designed in the same way of doors. The relevant area should be limited
to a maximum of 0.46 m2 per wall, or 5% of wall area, whichever is less.
- The total area of all openings, excluding doors, should not exceed 0.0066 m2/m3 of the
building volume, nor more than 50% of this area should be located on any one side of the
building.
- Location and features of any opening should by suitable to prevent damage to personnel or
critical equipment due to missiles, debris or shock waves.
10.4. Calculation Criteria
10.4.1. Code and Regulations

(1) Concrete buildings
The calculation of concrete building and blast resistant
building structural elements and foundations shall be
performed according to the requirements of chapter 4 and
according to requirements for blast resistant building.
(2) Steel structures
The calculation of structural elements of the steel buildings
Shall be performed according to the requirements of chapter 5.
10.4.2 Load combination
Foundations, structures and members of structures shall be calculated
for the following loading combinations.
(1) For all buildings
DL+LL+SL+TL
DL+LL+SL+TL+IL+WL(or EL)
(2) For blast resistant structures in addition to the above
combinations the following condition shall be considered:
DL+LL+SL+TL+BL
In this case the structure shall be checked as per previous 10.3.2 and 10.3.3
10.4.2 Appropriate factors for load combination in “Ultimate Strength Design”
method for buildings .
38
(1a) Combination of “Dead Load” plus “Live Load” plus “Snow Load” plus
“Thermal Load”
A. C. I. : U = 0.75 (1.4D+1.4T+1.7L)
U = 1.4(D+T)
where:
D = DL; T = TL; L = LL+SL
(1b) Combination of “Dead Load” plus “Live Load” plus “Snow Load” plus “Thermal Load
plus “Impact load” plus “Wind Load ” or “Seismic Load”.
A. C. I. : U=0.75(1.4D+1.7L+1.7W)
where:
D = DL + TL; L = LL+SL+IL; W = WL
A. C. I. : U=0.75(1.4D+1.7L+1.7×1.1×E)
where:
D = DL + TL; L = 0.25×LL +0.75×SL+IL; E = EL
11. SEWERS & UNDERGROUND PIPE NETWORKS
This chapter defines the extension, the materials and design methods
for sewers and underground networks.
11.1 . The design of sewer & U/G network will be shown on the following
documents:
- Overall layout of U/G Facilities off-site - Study for all offsite areas of refinery
- Overall layout of U/G Facilities on-site - Study for each on-site process &
utilities area
- Calculation report for the systems
- Grading U/G, cable ways & foundation

layout - Construction detailed
dwgs.
- Grading detail - Construction detailed

digs.
- Standard drawings.
Above listed documents will be prepared on the basis of general plot plans, plan
metric flow diagrams, process engineering information’s, electrical and instrument
cables layouts, foundation & paving design.
39
11.2 Networks and Materials
The following systems shall be provided for N.I.O.C. as per SP-50-4 The table here
below lists; Symbol Service, Material, and operating conditions for each
underground network:
Networ Operating
k Service Condition Materials
class
Symbol s
Oily Water CARBON STEEL
9.2.1 O.S.W. Gravity K
Sewer
Clean Water
9.2.2 N.S.W (non oily) Gravity DITTO K
Sewer
Storm Water
9.2.3 W.S.W. Gravity CONCRETE
Sewer
Sanitary
9.2.4 S.S.W. Gravity DUCTILE IRON K1
Water Sewer
Chemical
9.2.5 C.S.W. Gravity CARBON STEEL K
Sewer
Desalted
9.2.6 O.W.A. Pressure DUCTILE IRON K2
Waste Water
Spent Gravity
9.2.7 C.A.U. Caustic & CARBON STEEL K
Sewer Pressure
Sour Water
9.2.8 S.W.A. Pressure CARBON STEEL LA
(stripped)
Drinking
9.2.9 D.W.A. Pressure Galvanized Carbon Steel LD
Water
9.2.10 F.W.A. Fire Water Pressure CARBON STEEL LF
9.2.11 P.W.A Plant Water Pressure CARBON STEEL LA
Cooling
9.2.12 C.W.S. Pressure CARBON STEEL LA
Water Sup
Cooling
9.2.13 C.W.R. Pressure CARBON STEEL LA
Water Ret
9.2.14 R.A.W. Raw Water Pressure CARBON STEEL LA
Treat. Watt
9.2.15 W.A.T. to C.W. Pressure CARBON STEEL LA
Make Up
40
11.2.1 Oily Water Sewer - O.S.W.
This sewer shall collect:
- Drains of all hydrocarbon equipments. Asphalt and finished motor gasoline

(tetraethyl lead added) excluded because flowing in pit for truck disposal.
- Pumps and compressors cooling water
- Process spillages and drainages
- Storm, fire or washing run-off waters (combined as per following 9.5.3) Coming
from all hydrocarbon palatable paved areas: pump stations, process, utilities, fuel
trucks loading stations, workshop, transport & Mobil plant garage.
The system will consist of drains, funnels, underground piping,

cleanouts, catch-basins, manholes, sealed manholes and vent
pipes.
The final main shall flow into oily water basin .
11.2.2 Clean water sewer (non oily) –NSW
This sewer shall collect:
- boiler blowdown
- water treating rinses after neutralization pit
- cooling tower blowdown
- effluents from neutralization pits of chemical sewers
- storm, fire and washing run off waters from sulfur solidification and crushing
area.
This water shall first flow through a sedimentation pit to remove sulfur
particles.
The system will consist of drains, funnels, underground piping, clean outs,
catch-basins, manholes, sealed manholes and vent pipes.
The final main shall flow into evaporation pond.
41
11.2.3 Storm water sewer - w.s.w.
This system consists of pipes and open ditches collecting Storm, fire or washing
waters from the following non-polluted areas:
- dike and undiked tank areas

- unpaved areas
- process and utilities paved areas
- roads, yards and roofs
This system shall flow into existing NIOC network .
11.2.4 Sanitary water sewer - SSW
This sewer shall collect non polluted raw sanitary from sanitary facilities of all
buildings as required (control rooms, offices, etc.)
The system will consist of plumbing inside buildings, underground piping, clean
outs, manholes, sealed manholes, vents.
Septic tanks & disposal pits can be provided for remote secondary buildings.
The final main shall flow into existing sanitary sewage treatment units.
All the manholes shall be constructed with properly sloped internal bottom to
prevent any clogging and shall have gas tight covers.
Outside buildings the minimum pipe diameter shall be 150 mm.
11.2.5 Chemical sewer - CSW
Two chemical sewer lines shall be provided.
The first one shall collect polluted drains from chemical additives dosing pumps
(tetraethyl lead excluded), and flow into a neutralization pit.
The second one shall collect:
- drainage & Storm water polluted by acid and other chemicals in process areas
- tempered water in Visbreaker Unit.
and flow into a neutralization pit downstream of process units.
11.2.6 Desalter waste water - OWA
Desalter water effluent will be piped in a pressure line to pre separator unit . In
wastewater treatment area a by pass line shall be provided to allow emergency
discharge of desalter wastewater into oily water basin.
42
11.2.7 Spent Caustic Sewer - C.A.U.
This system shall drain the tanks in "Caustic Dissolving Unit".

The system will consist of drain pits, manholes and under-round gravity piping
flowing into a pit located in the south-east corner of the Caustic area.
Effluent from this pit will be piped in an aboveground pressure line to the
"Caustic Evaporation Ponds .
11.2.8 Sour Water - S.W.A.
Effluent water from Sour Water Stripper will be piped in an underground

pressure line into the main line of Oily Sewer.
11.2.9 Drinking water - DWA
11.2.10 Fire fighting water - FWA
11.2.11 Plant water - PWA
11.2.12 Cooling water supply - CWS
11.2.13 Cooling water return - CWR
11.2.14 Raw water - RAW
11.2.15 Treated water to C.W. Make Up - WAT
These systems are foreseen for plant protection utilities and services. Major routing
and diameters are shown in process department documents.
11.3 BASIC DATA
11.3.1 Rainfall data
Max rainfall see NIOEC-SP-00-11
Rainfall intensity for sewer design is given by the following Equation:
2450
I = -------------- (mm/h)
t + 23
“t" is rainfall duration in minutes .or as is encountered in firefighting condition
whichever is greater. The system shall include the areas within tank bunds and the
pipes carrying flows from these bounded areas through the bunds (or dikes) shall
be valved .
For lines design a duration equal to "time of concentration" shall be considered as

per paragraphs 9.3.3 and 9.5.1
43
11.3.2 Runoff coefficients
The following runoff coefficients shall be taken into account for sewers design;
surfaces: c
buildings' and shelters' roofs 1

paved areas (concrete or asphalt) 1
gravel or oiled areas 0.7
impervious soils 0.65
pervious soils 0.50
11.3.3 Time of concentration
Time of concentration for any cross section of a gravity sewer line shall be
evaluated as follows:
Lr Ls
tc = t0 + +
60 × Vr 60 × Vm (minutes)
to= 12 minutes minimum concentration time required to actually
start water runoff.
Lr = length of water path from the most remote corner of drainage

area to relevant drain or catch-basin (m).
Vr = runoff velocity depending upon roughness of drainage area;
roofs and paved areas Vr = 0.25 m/s

gravel areas 0.1 5
soil 0.0 5
Ls = length of sewer line from drain or catch-basin to examined cross section (m).
Vs = flow velocity in sewer line to be evaluated according to Manning. formula

(m/s).
11.3.4 Firewater
It shall be taken into account a maximum firewater flow from each basin equal
to: 57 m3/h.
The maximum total firewater from all basins in a process area, or front the whole
processing plant, shall be: 228 m3/h.
For the areas covered by fixed water monitors or fixed spray systems
the sewer system shall be designed according to fire fighting design
spec. Requirements.
44
11.3.5 Drainage areas
Paved process areas shall be divided into individual drainage areas having a
maximum surface of 380 m2
The paving slope towards relevant catch basin or drain shall be within 1% to 4%.
Unpaved areas upstream of any plant area road, or yard may drain into ditches,
swales or catch-basins.
11.3.6 Process wastewater
The quantities and flow rates of process wastewater drainages are stated by
process department.
11.3.7 Water table
Water table shall be defined as per soil investigation report.
11.3.8 Frost protection
Frost depth shall be defined as per geotechnical soil investigation
therefore top of sewers and Underground pipe networks shall

normally be at or below frost line.
Sewer lines having continuous flow, or used only during shutdown,

may be run above frost line.
Short sewer branches located above foundation footing may be run above frost
line provided they are routed at the maximum possible slope.
11.3.9 Clearance between lines
Minimum clear space between underground piping and Sewer lines Shall be 300
mm, to be increased to 460 mm for cooling water lines.
11.3.10 Velocity
Flow velocities within 0.9 m/s and 1.2 m/s are recommended in gravity pipe
systems.
Minimum velocity for lines flowing full shall be 0.6 m/s, this limit shall be
increased to 0.9m/s where water should carry solid Particles, such as sand from
unpaved areas.
Maximum velocity shall be 1.5 m/s, higher velocities may be reached for short
runs (5 m) only.
45
11.4 Engineering data
11.4.1 Concrete anchor blocks are not foreseen for any underground system.
11.4.2 To avoid winterizing problems the gate valves foreseen at the connections of
drainages of new tank storage diked areas to storm water sewer, shall be directly
buried.
The valves on pressurized systems shall be located in concrete pits filled with
polystyrene granules.
11.4.3 Underground pressurized systems will not be drained.
11.4 The connection between underground and above ground pressurized piping will be
flanged type.
11.4.5 Unless a greater diameter is required by design, Minimum pipe diameter shall be
100 mm for a single equipment drain.
11.4.6 Minimum pipe diameter shall be 150 mm for a branch collecting two or more
adjoining drains, up to six ones. It is not required a fire seal for each drain, but
downstream end of collecting branch shall be sealed as per paragraph. 9.4.9.
11.4.7 For each drainage area a catch-basin is required at low point. Basin top edge shall
be flush in paved areas and at 50 mm above finished grade in unpaved areas to
prevent clogging.
11.4.8 A catch basin may be connected to another one, provided its inlet pipe is sealed as
per next paragraph 9.4.9.
11.4.9 All inlets of pipes into a catch basin or a manhole shall have a 150 mm minimum
fire seal (See also Attachment "B" she. 2/3).
This requirement is neither valid for sanitary sewer nor for manholes along mains.
11.4.10 Minimum clear space under bottom of deepest pipe connected to a

catch basin or manhole shall be 150 mm, and maximum shall be 500mm otherwise
backdrop will be provided.
11.4.11 Outlet pipes from catch basins shall have a 150 mm minimum diameter.
11.4.12 Catch basin covers shall be removable galvanized steel gratings.
11.4.13 Any catch basin (dry box) located closer that 15 m from an ignition source
(furnaces, etc.) shall have the invert elevation of outlet pipe
25 mm above bottom of pit. Outlet pipe shall be fire-sealed when entering the next
pit as per paragraph. 9.4.9.
11.4.14 Manholes are required in mains and laterals at any change of direction exceeding
45º and at the junction into laterals or mains.
46
Maximum distance between manholes shall be
100 m for pipes up to 500nm diameter and

150 m for pipes 600 mm diameter and over.
11.4.15 Manhole top edge shall be flush in paved areas and 50 mm above finished grade
in unpaved areas.
11.4.16 Covers of manholes in oily water sewer shall be cast iron gas-tight type and
marked with their own number on top face of concrete pit.
11.4.17 Sealed manholes are required only between different process areas and between
operating and storage areas.
11.4.18 Vents are required for sealed manholes and for manholes at upstream end of a
system.
11.4.19 Catch basins and manholes shall be reinforced concrete type.
11.4.20 Carbon steel pipes shall be used for vents, the foreseen diameter shall be 80 mm
(3").
11.4.21 Vent pipes shall terminate in a safe location:
- at least 3 m above grade,

- at least 2.4 m above nearest operating platform within 3m,
- at least 2.4 m above pipe ways in process areas,
- at least 15 m horizontal distance from any ignition source
- at least 12 m horizontal distance from any ignition source
and at least 7.5 m above grade.
- at least 7.5 m from any electrical substation or inlet of
pressurized building.
11.4.22 Vent pipes shall slope into relevant pit.
11.4.23 Cleanouts are required to give access for cleaning where neither catch basins nor
manholes are provided:
- downstream of a change in direction greater than 45º where next run is longer
than 1.5 m.
- downstream of a straight run longer than 15 m followed by a 45º turn.
- along drain funnels having a run longer than 10 m.
11.4.24 Cleanouts shall have line diameter for sanitary sewer and shall not exceed 150
mm in all other sewers.
47
11.4.25 Pipe lines cover
Minimum required cover of lines, provided that requirements for frost

protection are not in conflict, shall be:
150 mm for branch lines in paved areas subject to foot traffic only, or sufficient
to withstand "A.A.S.H.T.O. HS15" loading in heavy traffic areas, where
therefore a concrete bank or sleeves are required.
11.4.26 Roads adjacent to paved areas
The road stripe within center line and edge of paved uncurbed area shall drain
into catch basins of a.m. area.
11.5 Design
11.5.1 Rainwater flow
Rainwater flow for sewers sizing shall be evaluated by the following

formula:
A× c × I
Q=
3600 × 1000 (m3/s)
A= catchments area to be drained (m2)
C= runoff coefficient
I= 2450/ (tc + 23) = rainfall intensity (mm/h)
relevant to time of concentration of sewer cross section .See para 9.3.3.
11.5.2 Cross Sections Sizing
Sewer pipes and ditches shall be calculated according to "Manning" Formula
Q 1
V= = × R2/3 × J
S n VELOCITY (m/s)
Q = Flow Rate (m3/s)

S= Cross Section Wet Area (m2)
P= Cross Section Wet Perimeter (m)
R= S/P = Hydraulic Radius (m)
J= Slope of pipe or Ditch
n= Manning Roughness Coefficient: (s/m1/3)
Cast and Ductile Iran 0.013
Carbon Steel 0.013
Centricast Concrete 0.013
Asbestos Cement 0.011
H.D. Polyethylene 0.010
Concrete Ditches
Earthen Ditches 0.025
48
11.5.3 Design Flow Rate
Design flow rate shall be based on the most severe of the following
combinations of normal continuous process flows plus:
- Storm Runoff, at 70% Depth
- Firewater Runoff, at 100% Depth

- Largest single process intermittent flow, at 100% Depth.
11.5.4 Plumbing
Sizing of sanitary sewerage inside buildings shall be performed according to:
The following tables, taken from a.m. code, give:
1) Fixture unit values and minimum size of trap for -most important fixture
types.
2) Maximum number of fixture units that may be connected to any portion of the
building drain.
Maximum number of fixture units that may be connected to any

horizontal fixture branch or stack.
49
FIXTURE-UNIT MINIMUM
FIXTURE TYPE VALUE AS SIZE OF TRAP
LOAD FACTORS mm
( Separate Traps )
1Bathroom
Group(water 8 100 ( Pipe )
Closet, Lavatory and
Bathtub or Shower 3 50
Stall) 3 40
Bathtub
Bidet 1/2 25
Drinking Fountain 1 50
Floor Drains 3 40
Kitchen Sink, Domestic 2 40
Lavatory 3 50
Showers(Group) per head 8 80
Sink (Mess room kitchen) 3 40
Sink ( Laboratory ) 4 40
Urinal, wall Lip 4 50
Urinal Stall, Washout 2 40
Urinal Trough 2 40
Wash Sink, wash Basin 8 100
Water Closet 8
Water Closet, Turkish 1 100
Other fixtures not
listed above: 2
From diameter of
trap or drain 3
(right column), find 4
relevant
fixture unit value 5
(left column) 6
50
MAXIMUM NUMBER OF FIXTURE

UNITS THAT MAY BE CONNECTED
TO ANY PORTION OF THE BUILDING
PIPE DRAIN OR THE BUILDING SEWER
SLOPE
PIPE 0.5% 1% 2% 4%
DIAMETER
50 21 26
65 24 31
80 20 27 36
100 180 216 250
125 390 480 575
150 700 840 1000
200 1400 1600 1920 2300
250 2500 2900 3500 4200
300 3900 4600 5600 6700
*MINIMUM DIAMETER FOR WATER CLOSET
MAXIMUM NUMBER OF FIXTURE UNITS THAT MAY

BE CONNECTEDTO:
STORIES
IN
PIPE ANY 1 STACK OF 3 8 TOTAL
MORE THAN
DIAMETE HORIZONTAL STORIES IN 8 AT
TOTAL FOR
R OR 3 ONE
FIXTURE BRANCH INTERVA. STACK
STORY OR
BRANCH
INTER.
35 1 2 2 1
40 3 4 8 2
50 6 10 24 6
65 12 20 42 9
80 20 30 60 16
100 160 240 500 90
125 360 540 1100 200
150 620 960 1900 350
200 1400 2200 3600 600
250 2500 3800 5600 1000
350 3900 6000 8400 1500
51
ATTACHMENT “A” TO NIOEC- SP – 00 - 01
52
53
54
ATTACHMENT “B” TO NIOEC- SP – 00 - 01
55
ATTACHMENT “B” TO NIOEC- SP – 00 - 01
56

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NIOEC-SP-00-01(1)

DOCUMENT CODE NO. OF SHEETS: 56

NATIONAL IRANIAN OIL REFINING & DISTRIBUTION COMPANY

CIVIL DESIGN CRITERIA

1) THIS SHEET IS A RECORD OF ALL REVISIONS TO THIS SPECIFICATION.

CONTENTS: PAGE NO.

4. DESIGN LOADS ….. ...............................................................................................................8

4.1 DESIGN OF PLANT STRUCTURES ...............................................................................8

4.2 LOADING COMBINATIONS .......................................................................................22

4.3 APPROPRIATE LOAD FACTORS FOR LOADING COMBINATIONS IN

5. SOIL CONDITIONS & FOUNDATIONS ...........................................................................25

5.1 TYPE OF FOUNDATION .................................................................................................25

5.2 FOUNDATION SOIL BEARING CAPACITY ...............................................................25

5.3 SOIL TYPE .........................................................................................................................25

5.4 STABILITY AGAINST SLIDING AND OVERTURNING ...........................................25

6. STRUCTRAL CONCRETE ..................................................................................................25

6.1 TYPES OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES........................................................................25

6.2 CONCRETE STRENGTH ................................................................................................25

6.3 REINFORCING STEEL ...................................................................................................26

6.5 ALLOWABLE STRESSES ...............................................................................................26

6.6 ALLOWABLE DISPLACEMENTS AND DEFLECTIONS..........................................26

6.7 CONCRETE COVER ........................................................................................................27

6.8 PROJECTION OF FOUNDATION AND GROUTING.................................................27

6.9 MINIMUM REINFORCEMENT FOR ELEVATED STRUCTURES AND

6.10 CONCRETE FIRE PROOFING.....................................................................................27

7. STRUCTURAL STEEL ........................................................................................................28

7.2. ALLOWABLE STRESSES.............................................................................................28

7.3. ALLOWABLE DISPLACEMENTS AND DEFLECTIONS .......................................28

7.4. CONNECTIONS .............................................................................................................29

8. SUPPORTING STRUCTURES AND FOUNDATIONS FOR

8.1. SCOPE ..............................................................................................................................29

8.2. DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................29

8.3. DESIGN CRITERIA FOR ALL HEAVY MACHINERY............................................29

8.4. DESIGN CRITERIA FOR RECIPROCATING MACHINERY.................................30

8.5. DESIGN CRITERIA FOR ROTARY MACHINERY..................................................31

8.6 DESIGN CRITERIA OF LIGHT VIBRATING MACHINERY .................................33

9.1. SCOPE AND REFERENCE.............................................................................................34

9.2. SUB BASE REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................34

9.3. CONCRETE PAVING REQUIREMENTS ....................................................................34

9.4 PAVING THICKNESS .....................................................................................................35

10. BUILDINGS ……… .............................................................................................................35

10.1. SCOPE ..............................................................................................................................35

10.2 DESIGN LOADS..............................................................................................................35

10.3. BLAST RESISTANT STRUCTURES..........................................................................36

10.4. CALCULATION CRITERIA .......................................................................................38

11. SEWERS & UNDERGROUND PIPE NETWORKS........................................................39

11.1. THE DESIGN OF SEWER & U/G NETWORK ..........................................................39

11.2 NETWORKS AND MATERIALS .................................................................................40

11,3 BASIC DATA...................................................................................................................43

11.4 ENGINEERING DATA.................................................................................................46

11.5 DESIGN ............................................................................................................................48

ATTACHMENT “A” CRITERIA FOR MINIMUM RINFORCEMENT IN

ATTACHMENT “B” FOUNDATION DETAILS AND DIAGRAM FOR SEWERS ........54

NIOEC- SP ( NIOEC SPECIFICATIONS )

- NIOEC-SP-00-10 “NIOEC specification for Units ”

- NIOEC-SP-10-1 “NIOEC specification for Concrete ”

- NIOEC-SP-10-03 “NIOEC specification for Low temperature protection for

- NIOEC-SP-10-04 “NIOEC specification for Concrete used for fireproofing”

- NIOEC-SP-20-01 “NIOEC specification for Structural Steel Fabrication”

- NIOEC-SP-20-02 “NIOEC specification for Structural Steel Erection”

- NIOEC-SP-50-04 “NIOEC specification for Piping Material”

- NIOEC-SP-50-17 “NIOEC specification for Protection of Underground Steel Pipe ”

-NIOEC-SP-00-11 “NIOEC specification for Site Conditions”