Discussion

In this experiment, the saponification reaction of sodium hydroxide, NaOH and ethyl
acetate, Et(Ac) in a batch reactor has been carried out.

From the result obtained, the conductivity is decreasing until it reaches constant when
the time is increasing. At 30 minutes, the conductivity reaches the constant which is 4.1
mS/cm and the concentration of NaOH reaches constant as well which is 0.03080M.
According to the data obtained, the concentration decreases as time goes by. Thus, the
conductivity is concentration dependent; it depends on the concentration of the ions of
sodium hydroxide in the water. The graph of conversion vs time shows that the conversion
rate increase as time goes by.
Conversion, XA which indicate the number of mole of reacted A per number of mole
of A fed into the system which is the initial number of mole of A. From the table, the
conversion is increasing along with the time. As the time is increasing, the reaction of sodium
hydroxide and ethyl acetate is ongoing and it reaches to an optimum point which 69.20 % of
conversion. This is due to the increasing in concentration of the NaOH.
In this experiment, the order of the saponification process between NaOH and Et(Ac)
is a second reaction. According to the graph of ln(dCA/dt) versus lnCA , it shows that ln
dCA/dt increases at the first 13 minutes and it decreases back to 7.002 at 16 minutes and 22
minutes, it started to become constant at the figure of 7.013. Start from 9 minutes until 30
minutes, the figure of ln dCA/dt is fluctuating at between 7 to 7.013, the increment is small so
the graph of ln(dCA/dt) versus lnCA shows a straight line at the end. From the equation
shown, the rate law constant, k and the order of reaction, a can be determined. By comparing
the equation with ln (𝑑𝐶A/dt ) = ln k + a ln 𝐶A, the order of reaction was found to be 0 order
and rate law constant , k , 386.87. This happens as the speeds of the stirrer suddenly increase
when conducting the experiment and it causes inaccuracy of the result.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the conductivity is inversely proportional to the time. As the time

increase, the conductivity decrease. By comparing the theoretical and experimental order of

reaction for saponification process which is 2 and 0, there are some error occurred when

conducting the experiment.