Sizing of Equipment

Design Equipment of Fermenter

1. Fermenter can be any tank where any control can be done to promote desirable conditions

for fermentation process to take place.

2. In anaerobic condition, fermentation converts sugars into carbon dioxide and ethanol.

3. Cooling jacket is used to maintain a temperature desirable for successful fermentation to

take place.

Sizing of Fermentor:
 Amount of wort  55,232.36 kg/brew

Amount of yeast  39.17157935 kg/brew

Amount of CO2  2,079.00 kg/brew

 wort 1048 kg / m 3

 yeast 1217.3 kg / m 3

 CO 1048 kg / m 3
2

55,232.36 kg/brew
Vwort 
1048 kg / m 3

Vwort  52.703 m 3

39.17157935 kg/brew
V yeast 
1217.3 kg / m 3

V yeast  0.0322 m 3
VTotal  Vwort  V yeast
VTotal  52.703 m 3  0.0322 m 3
VTotal  52.7352 m 3

Rule of Thumb:

For bioreactors the actual volume is 1.2 – 1.3 times the capacity. Thus the actual volume is,

VActual  1.3VTotal

VActual  1.3(52.7352m 3 )

VActual  68.5558 m 3
Diameter:

For Optimum construction of the tank, D  H . Thus the diameter of the fermenter is,


VTotal  D3
4


52.7352m 3  (D 3 )
4

D  4.0645 m

Shell Thickness:

Shell thickness of welded pressure vessel maybe calculated using the given equation (Hesse and

Rushton, 1975).

VActual 1.3VTotal

PD
tp  C
2SE  P

where:

t p  shell thickness (in)

P  maximum allowable working pressure (psi)

D  inside diameter (in)

S  maximum allowable tensile strength (psi)

E = efficiency of welded joint

 C  corrosion allowance

Assuming corrosion allowance of 1/3 inch and the efficiency of Welded Joint is 1.0. Allowable

working stress for pressure vessel adapted from ASME-UPV Code sited by Hesse and Rushton

(1975) for carbon-silicon steel, ordinary strength is 10 400 psi. Thus,

PD
tp  C
2 SE  P

10 psi  4.0645 m  3.20808 ft  12in 

tp   1m 1 ft 
 0.333
210400 psi 1  10

t p  0.4083 in 10.3699 mm

Design Equipment of Hops Boiler

1. The equipment will be used for the addition of finishing hops.

2. It sometimes acts as secondary fermenter allowing volatile oils to diffuse into the beer.

3. There is a little bit caution in the selection of materials of construction between the hoping

process may render corrosion to the walls.

Sizing of Hops Boiler:

Amount of wort  58,114.37 kg/brew

Amount of Hops 155.7951861kg/brew

Amount of Hopped Beer  58,114.37  155.7951861

Amount of Hopped Beer  78280.16519

 78280.16519 kg
VBeer   7469.4814m 3
10.48 kg / m 3

Tank Diameter

Rule of Thumb

Freeboard is 10% above 500 – gallon capacity.

VTank  1.1VBeer

VTank 1.1  7469.481411m 3

VTank  8216.4296m 3

For Optimum Construction of the Hoping Tank, D  H ;


VBeer  D3
4


7469.4814 
4
D 
3

DTank  21.1869 m

Tank height

The height of the hopping tank is:

 
VTank  D2H
4


8216.4296  21.18693 H
4

H Tank  23.3055 m

Shell Thickness

Assume corrosion allowance, CA  0.125 in

From Perry 7th edition, Table 10-49, Allowable Stresses (S) in Tension for Materials, the S for 8Cr,

8Ni stainless steel is 20 000 psi.

PT ,35C 1048 kg / m 3

PT , 20C  1070kg / m 3

Using one-foot method (Strength of Materials) to solve for the shell thickness:

2.6 DH  1G

t   CA
S

 1048 
2.621.1869 23.3055  1 
t  1070 
 0.125
20000

t  0.1852in 4.7034 mm

ROOF THICKNESS

Basically, storage tanks have hemispherical roof.

 RTank
t
200

21.1869 / 2
t
200

t  0.0529in

DESIGN FOR CARBONATOR

1. The carbonator is closed cylindrical tank where the carbon dioxide will be pump to

carbonate the beer.

2. The walls of the vessels should be sufficiently thick to permit safe use under all operating

conditions.

Sizing of Carbonator
 Amount of beer to be carbonated  52,957.35 kg/brew

Density of beer to be carbonated  1048kg / m 3

52,957.35 kg/brew
Volume of beer  3
 50.5318m 3
1048kg / m

Amount of CO2  142.6548067kg

 CO 1 048kg / m 3
2

142.6548 kg/brew
VCO2 
1048 kg / m 3

VCO2  0.1361 m 3

VTotal  Vbeer  VCO2

VTotal  50.5318 m 3  0.1361 m 3

VTotal  50.6679 m 3

DIAMETER1/3

From the Rule of Thumb:

The tank must never more than 90% filled. For pressure Tanks, Optimum Tank Diameter is

calculated using:
 D  0.74V 1 / 3

1
 3.2808 ft 3  3
D  0.74 50.6679m 3  
 1m 3 

D  8.8937in 0.2259m 

HEIGHT OF THE TANK

From the Rule of Thumb:

Vessels above 500 gal 1.9 m 3 are never 90% filled.


VTank  D2H
4

  0.2259 2  H t
50.6679m  3

0.90

H t  64.2554m

THICKNESS OF DOME ROOF

Basically, storage tanks have hemispherical roof.

Rtan k
t
200

0.2259m 3.2808 ft

2 1 ft
t
200

t  1.8528  10 3 in

Shell Thickness
The working equation for the determination of shell thickness of cylinder subjected to internal

pressure based on inside diameter is given as (ASME Code VIII-I).

PR
tp  C
SE  0.6 P

where:

t p  shell thickness (in)

P  maximum allowable working pressure (psi)

D  inside diameter (in)

S  maximum allowable tensile strength (psi)

E = efficiency of welded joint

C  corrosion allowance

Assuming corrosion allowance for the mash mixer-cooker to be 0.25 inch, the efficiency of welded

Joint is 1 and the design pressure is 15.2485psig. Thus,

PR
tp  C
SE  0.6 P

15.2485 3.248  12in 

tp   1 ft 
 0.25
10400(1.0)  (0.6 15.2485

t p  0.3072in 7.80mm