dB, dBm, Logarithm (under construction) http://www.qsl.net/f6flv/db.

html

dB, dBW, dBm, Logarithm, ...

What is a Decibel ?

Decibel is the unit used to express relative differences in signal strength.

Decibel is expressed as the base 10 logarithm of the ratio of the power of

two signals : dB = 10 x Log (P1/P2)
10
Where Log is the base 10 logarithm and P1 and P2 are the powers to
10
compare
(Log is different from Ln or LN = Neparian Logarithm, base e
10
logarithm)

Signal amplitude can also be expressed in dB. Since power is

proportional to the square of a signal's amplitude, dB is expressed as
follows : dB = 20 x Log (V1/V2)
10
Where V1 and V2 are the amplitudes to compare

1 Bell (not really used in current) = Log (P1/P2)

10

1 decibel (dB) = 1 Bell / 10 = 10 * Log (P1/P2)

10

dBr = dB (relative) = dB = 10 * Log (P1/P2)

10

base 10 Logarithm rules

Log (AxB) = Log (A) + Log (B)

10 10 10

Log (A/B) = Log (A) - Log (B)

10 10 10

Log (1/A) = - Log (A)

10 10

Log (0,01) = - Log (100) = -2

10 10

Log (0,1) = - Log (10) = - 1

10 10

Log (1) = 0
10

Log (2) = 0,3

10

Log (4) = 0,6

10

Log (10) = 1
10

Log (20) = 1,3

10
Log (2 x 10) = Log (2) + Log (10) = 1 + 0,3
10 10 10

Log (100) = 2
10

Log (1 000) = 3
10

Log (10 000) = 4

10

Logarithm and dB (decibel)

Power Ratio dB = 10 x log (Power Ratio)

10

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AxB x dB = 10 x Log (A) + 10 x Log (B)

10 10

A/B x dB = 10 x Log (A) - 10 x Log (B)

10 10

1/A x dB = + 10 x Log (1/A) = - 10 x Log (A)

10 10

0,01 - 20 dB = - 10 x Log (100)

10

0,1 - 10 dB = 10 x Log (1)

10

1 0 dB = 10 x Log (1)
10

2 3 dB = 10 x Log (2)
10

4 6 dB = 10 x Log (4)
10

10 10 dB = 10 x Log (10)
10

20 13 dB = 10 x (Log (10) + Log (2))

10 10

100 20 dB = 10 x Log (100)

10

1 000 30 dB = 10 x Log (1 000)

10

10 000 40 dB = 10 x Log (10 000)

10

dBm = dB milliwatt = 10 x Log (Power in mW / 1 mW)

10

dBm = 10 x
Power Ratio Log (Power in mW / 1 mW)
10

1 mW 1 mW / 1 mW = 1 0 dBm = 10 x Log (1)

10

2 mW 2 mW / 1 mW = 2 3 dBm = 10 x Log (2)

10

4 mW 4 mW/1mW=4 6 dBm = 10 x Log (4)

10

10 mW 10 mW/1mW=10 10 dBm = 10 x Log (10)

10

0,1 W 100 mW/1mW=100 20 dBm = 10 x Log (100)

10

1W 1000 mW/1mW=1000 30 dBm = 10 x Log (1 000)

10

10 W 10 000mW/1mW=10 000 40 dBm = 10 x Log (10 000)

10

dBW = dB Watt = 10 x Log (Power in W / 1 W)

10

dBW = 10 x Log (Power in W / 1

Power Ratio 10
W)

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1W 1 W / 1 W = 1 0 dBW = 10 x Log10 (1)

2W 2 W / 1 W = 2 3 dBW = 10 x Log10 (2)

4W 4 W / 1 W = 4 6 dBW = 10 x Log10 (4)

10 W 10 W / 1 W = 10 10 dBW = 10 x Log10 (10)

100
0,1 W / 1 W = 0,1 -10 dBW = -10 x Log10 (10)
mW
0,01 W / 1 W = -20 dBW = -10 x Log (100)
10 mW 10
1/100

1 mW 0,001W/1W=1/1000 -30 dBW = -10 x Log10 (1000)

Power/Voltage Gain
dB Power Ratio Voltage Ratio dB Power Ratio Voltage Ratio
0 1,00 1,00 10 10,00 3,16
1 1,26 1,12 11 12,59 3,55
2 1,58 1,26 12 15,85 3,98
3 2,00 1,41 13 19,95 4,47
4 2,51 1,58 14 25,12 5,01
5 3,16 1,78 15 31,62 5,62
6 3,98 2,00 16 39,81 6,31
7 5,01 2,24 17 50,12 7,08
8 6,31 2,51 18 63,10 7,94
9 7,94 2,82 19 79,43 8,91
10 10,00 3,16 20 100,00 10,00

Attenuation (dB) = 10xLog (Pin/Pout) = 20xLog (Vin/Vout)

10 10

Gain (dB) = 10xLog (Pout/Pin) = 20xLog (Vout/Vin)

10 10

Gain (dB) = - Attenuation (dB)

Power (W) = voltage (V) x Voltage (V) x Z (Ohm) = V x V / Z = V x I

So Gain(dB) = 10 x Log (Pout/Pin) = 10 x Log ((Vout x Vout / Zout) /

10 10
(Vin * Vin / Zin))
if Zin = Zout, Gain(dB) = 10 x Log (Vout x Vout / Vin /Vin) =
10
10 x (Log (Vout / Vin) + Log (Vout / Vin)) = 10 x 2 x Log (Vout /
10 10 10
Vin) = 20 x Log (Vout / Vin)
10

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vous souhaitez faire part de votre avis, de vos suggestions, ...,
alors n'hésitez pas, envoyez un E-Mail à :
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