ENGLISH I

FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EMPRESARIALES

ESCUELA DE CONTABILIDAD

GLOSSARY
STUDENT : GERALDO SILVA KEVIN
TEACHER : BALLADARES GONZALES JUAN JOSE
SECTION : “C”
CAREER : CONTABILIDAD
CYCLE : II
 1) ACCOUNTANT:
Public Accountant is a professional who is dedicated
to managing the accounting of an organization,
company or person. In general, a public accountant
works in the areas of accounting, law, statistics,
financial mathematics, computer science,
mathematics, administration, economics, human
resources, finance, audits, among others.

2) ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE:
Accounts receivable is the name of the account where
the increases and cuts related to the sale of different
concepts to products or services are recorded. This
account is composed of bills of exchange, credit titles
and promissory notes in favor of the company.

3) ACCOUNTING BOOKS:
Are those reports obtained from accounting that help us to
extract both financial and economic information of the
company?

4) ACCOUNTING PLAN:
The accounting plan is a concept that allows us to group all
the company resources in families in order to be able to
more easily manage the accounts of the same. This
grouping Will allow us in practice to be able to work with
other more complex documents.
 5) ACCOUNTING SEAT:
A book entry is called the set of notes or accounting notes
that are made in the accounting journal, which are made with
the purpose of recording an economic event that causes a
quantitative or qualitative change in the composition of the
assets of a company and therefore a movement in the
accounts of a company.

6) ACCOUNTING CAPITAL:
Accounting capital designates the difference between
the assets and the liabilities of a company. It reflects the
investment of the owners in an entity and generally
consists of their contributions more or less their retained
earnings or accumulated losses, plus other types of
surplus such as excess or insufficiency in the
accumulation of stockholders' equity and donations.

7) BALANCE SHEET:
The balance sheet is the financial status of a company
at a given time. In order to reflect this statement, the
balance sheet shows the assets (what the organization
has), the liabilities (their debts) and the difference
between them (the net worth).

8) BILL:
An account is the basic and fundamental element of any
accounting, be it that of a company, business, or the
personnel of each individual, constituting in addition in the
main register in which the increases and decreases that
may suffer some value, are recorded. asset, liability or
equity as a result of the operations carried out by the
company, business or person, as appropriate.
 9) BANK RECONCILIATION:
It is a process that allows to compare and reconcile
the economic values that a company has registered
on an account, either current or savings, with their
banking movements, as well as classify the auxiliary
accounting book to compare it with the extract. The
bank reconciliation does not seek to legalize errors at
any time, since it is a mechanism that allows
identifying the differences and their causes and then
proceed to make the respective adjustments and
connections, so that in order to carry it out, clear and
very precise documents are issued for use. Of the
economic entity and thus make clear a balance of the
statement of account of said company.

10) BEARER SHARES:

They are a type of freely transferable securities, whose sole
possession proves participation in a company. In
nominative or conventional shares, the name of its owner is
included, which will also be registered in the company's
register of partners.

11) CHECKING BALANCE:

A balance sheet is a financial instrument used to view the
list of the total debits and credits of the accounts, together
with the balance of each of them (either debtor or creditor).
In this way, it allows establishing a basic summary of a
financial statement.

12) CAPITAL:
Net assets of a company, company or similar figure, including the
original investment and all the profits and benefits on it. Amount
invested in the company.
 13) CREDIT:
The credit or credit agreement is a financial transaction in which
a person (the creditor) makes a loan for a certain amount of
money to another person.

14) COST:
It is the economic cost that represents the manufacture of a
product or the provision of a service. When determining the cost
of production, the sale price to the public of the good in question
can be established (the price to the public is the sum of the cost
plus the benefit).

15) COMMON SHARES:

Common shares are negotiable financial assets without
maturity that represent a residual portion of a company's
property. A common action gives its owner rights over both
the assets of the company and the profits it generates, as well
as to comment and vote on the decisions that are made.

16) CURRENT OR CURRENT ASSETS:

A current asset is a liquid good or right or that can become liquid
in less than a year. That is to say, it is the money that a company
has more or less available to use at any time (the money that it
has in the boxes and banks, the stocks, the debts of the clients,
etc.).
 17) CURRENT LIABILITIES:
In accounting, current liabilities (or short-term liabilities) is the part
of the liability that contains the short-term obligations of the
company. In this context, a term of less than one year is defined
as a short term.

18) CALCULATOR:
It is a device that is used to perform arithmetic calculations. Although
modern calculators often incorporate a general purpose computer,
they are designed to perform certain operations rather than to be
flexible. For example, there are specialized graphing calculators in
mathematical graphical fields such as trigonometry and statistics.
They are also usually more portable than most computers, although
some PDAs are similar in size to typical calculator models.

19) DEPOSIT:
It is a financial operation by which a financial institution, in
exchange for maintenance of certain monetary resources
immobilized a period.

20) DIARY BOOK:

It is the main accounting record of any accounting system, in
which all operations are recorded.

21) DEPRECIATION:
Depreciation refers to a periodic decrease in the value of a
tangible or intangible asset. This depreciation can be derived
from three main reasons: wear due to use, the passage of time
and old age.
 22) DEBIT:
Debit refers to the money that is already owned by the client,
who has the change in a bank account, unlike the credit,
where the money used is given.

23) DOCUMENT:
Document is a letter, diploma or written document that
illustrates an event, situation or circumstance.

24) DOUBLE ENTRY:

Double entry is the method used by the accounting to register
or settle the commercial operations carried out by the
company. One or more debit and credit or items are recorded
in every entry. That is, in every seat there is a double
registration of items: one or more debtors and another or
other creditors.

25) DOUBLE START SYSTEM:

It is the method or system of register of operations most
used in accounting. Each operation is recorded twice in
the debit and the other in the credit, to establish a
connection in the various assets.
 26) DEBTS TO PAY:
They are the amounts in debt of a company to the
creditors for the services or goods acquired. If a store
receives goods in advance of the payment, the
purchase is placed in the accounts payable file.
Accounts payable may correspond to merchandise,
private or public services.

27) EXPENSES AND INCOME:

Variable income: Are those that are not received constantly
(overtime, commissions, awards, profit for any investment
you make, independent work, or inheritance). Expenses
are the different uses that money is given. These may be
needs, obligations or personal tastes.

28) EXCEL:
It is a computer program developed and distributed by
Microsoft Corp. It is a software that allows accounting
and financial tasks thanks to its functions, developed
specifically to help create and work with spreadsheets.

29) FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING:

Is the branch of accounting that is responsible for collecting,
classifying, recording, summarizing and reporting on
transactions valued in money made by an economic entity. Its
main function is to bring in a historical way the economic life of a
company.
 30) FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:
The financial statements must reflect a true image of the
company.

31) FIXED LIABILITY:

It consists of all those debts and obligations that a long-term company
has, that is, the debts whose maturity is greater than one year and
therefore they should not return the principal during the current year,
although the interest

32) FIXED ASSET:

It is a good of a company, whether tangible or intangible, that can
not become liquid in the short term and that are normally
necessary for the operation of the company and are not intended
for sale. Examples of fixed assets are: real estate, machinery,
office supplies, etc.

33) INCOME:
It is an increase in economic resources. This should be understood
in the context of assets and liabilities, since it is the recovery of an
asset.
 34) INVENTORY:
It is that documentary record of the goods and other objects
belonging to a physical person, a company, a public
dependency, among others, and that is made from a lot of
precision and prolixity in the processing of the data.

35) LAPTOP:
It is a portable computer, which means that it can be
taken anywhere due to its operation through a battery or
electricity, but not exclusively of the latter.

36) MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING:

It is the process of identifying, measuring, accumulating,
analyzing, preparing, interpreting and communicating
information used by management to plan, evaluate and
control within an organization and ensure the proper use
and accountability of its resources.

37) NOMINAL ACCOUNTS:

The nominal accounts or also calls of losses or gains, are
those that are in charge to register the development of the
social object of the company. The nominal accounts are
made up of income, expenses, sales costs and production
costs.
 38) OFFICE:
Place where a professional work of management, administration,
etc.

39) PURCHASE:
It is the action and effect of buying. This verb refers to getting
something in exchange for money.

40) PURCHASE AND SALES BOOK:

It is a mandatory book for taxpayers affected by the Value
Added Tax (VAT), in which a chronological record of
purchases and sales must be kept and stamped by the
Internal Revenue Service.

41) PORTFOLIO:
It is called the folder that brings together all the work done
by a professional or company throughout his career.
 42) PAID-IN CAPITAL:
It is the part of the authorized capital that the shareholders of a
joint stock company undertake to pay. Corresponds to the
contributions that the partners give to the company and that can
be paid in cash or in installments. It is the part of the subscribed
capital that has been effectively canceled by the shareholders.

43) PREFERRED STOCK:

They are shares that pay a fixed dividend (very similar to the
coupons of fixed-income securities) but do not have the right to
vote (except in extraordinary circumstances). On the contrary,
the dividend of the normal shares is very variable and may not
exist.

44) REAL ACCOUNTS:

They are those that represent tangible values such as
properties and debts; they are part of the balance sheet of a
company. The real accounts, in turn, can be of Asset, Liability
or Equity. It is the account that represents all the assets and
rights appreciable in money, owned by the company.

45) SALES:
From the Latin vendĭta, sale is the action and effect of
selling (transferring ownership of something to another
person after payment of an agreed price).
 46) SHAREHOLDER:
It is a person who owns one or several shares in a company.
Shareholders also usually receive the name of investors, since
the fact of buying an action involves an investment (a capital
outlay) in the company.

47) SALARY:
Money received by a person from the company or entity for
which they work as pay, usually on a regular basis.

48) SUBSCRIBED CAPITAL:

Are those shares acquired by shareholders or the general
public, whether paid or not. With Debitoor you can manage
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It is very common in the process of creating a society or
increasing capital.

49) SMALL BOX:

The small box, small box or simply box, is a small amount of funds
in cash that is used for expenses in those situations in which
disbursements by check are inconvenient due to the cost of
writing them, signing them and converting them into cash.

50) THE SOCIAL CAPITAL:

It is in the liability of the balance sheet and develops a
guarantee function on the part of the company towards
third parties.