PROPIEDADES DE PRODUCTO ESCALAR

VECTORES

𝐴⃗ ⋅ 𝐵 ⃗⃗ ⋅ 𝐴⃗;
⃗⃗ = 𝐵 𝐴⃗ ⋅ (𝐵
⃗⃗ + 𝐶⃗) = 𝐴⃗ ⋅ 𝐵
⃗⃗ + 𝐴⃗ ⋅ 𝐶⃗
MÓDULO DE UN VECTOR
𝑠(𝐴⃗ ⋅ 𝐵
⃗⃗) = (𝑠𝐴⃗) ⋅ 𝐵
⃗⃗ = 𝐴⃗ ⋅ (𝑠𝐵
⃗⃗)
|𝑎⃗| = √𝑎𝑥2 + 𝑎𝑦2 + 𝑎𝑧2
𝑖⃗ ⋅ 𝑖⃗ = 𝑗⃗ ⋅ 𝑗⃗ = 𝑘⃗⃗ ⋅ 𝑘⃗⃗ = 1
ÁLGEBRA VECTORIAL
𝑖⃗ ⋅ 𝑗⃗ = 𝑗⃗ ⋅ 𝑘⃗⃗ = 𝑘⃗⃗ ⋅ 𝑖⃗ = 0
𝐴⃗ = 〈𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 〉; 𝐵
⃗⃗ = 〈𝑏1 , 𝑏2 , 𝑏3 〉
2
𝐴⃗ ⋅ 𝐴⃗ = |𝐴⃗| ; 𝐴⃗ ⋅ 0
⃗⃗ = 0
IGUALDAD:
𝐴⃗ ⋅ 𝐵
⃗⃗ = |𝐴⃗||𝐵
⃗⃗| cos 𝜃 𝜃∡𝐴⃗, 𝐵
⃗⃗
𝐴⃗ = 𝐵
⃗⃗ ↔ 𝑎1 = 𝑏1 ; 𝑎2 = 𝑏2 ; 𝑎3 = 𝑏3
𝐴⃗ ⋅ 𝐵
⃗⃗ = 0 𝐴⃗ ⊥ 𝐵
⃗⃗
SUMA:
|𝐴⃗ ⋅ 𝐵
⃗⃗ | = |𝐴⃗||𝐵
⃗⃗| 𝐴⃗ ∥ 𝐵
⃗⃗
𝐴⃗ + 𝐵
⃗⃗ = 〈𝑎1 + 𝑏1 , 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 , 𝑎3 + 𝑏3 〉

PRODUCTO VECTORIAL DE VECTORES

PRODUCTO POR UN ESCALAR:
𝐴⃗ × 𝐵
⃗⃗ = (𝑎2 𝑏3 − 𝑎3 𝑏2 , 𝑎3 𝑏1 − 𝑎1 𝑏3 , 𝑎1 𝑏2 −2 𝑏1 )
𝑐𝐴⃗ = 𝑐〈𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 〉 = 〈𝑐𝑎1 , 𝑐𝑎2 , 𝑐𝑎3 〉
PROPIEDAD DEL PRODUCTO VECTORIAL
PROP. DE OPERACIONES CON VECTORES

𝐴⃗ + 𝐵 ⃗⃗ + 𝐴⃗
⃗⃗ = 𝐵 𝑖⃗ 𝑗⃗ 𝑘⃗⃗
𝐴⃗ × 𝐵
⃗⃗ = |𝑎1 𝑎2 𝑎3 |
𝑏1 𝑏2 𝑏3
(𝐴⃗ + 𝐵
⃗⃗ ) + 𝐶⃗ = 𝐴⃗ + (𝐵
⃗⃗ + 𝐶⃗)

𝐴⃗ × 𝐵 ⃗⃗ × 𝐴⃗;
⃗⃗ = −𝐵 𝐴⃗ × (𝐵
⃗⃗ + 𝐶⃗) = 𝐴⃗ × 𝐵
⃗⃗ + 𝐴⃗ × 𝐶⃗
(𝐴⃗ + ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗;
0) = 𝐴 𝐴⃗ + (−𝐴⃗) = ⃗⃗
0
𝑠(𝐴⃗ × 𝐵
⃗⃗) = (𝑠𝐴⃗) × 𝐵
⃗⃗ = 𝐴⃗ × (𝑠𝐵
⃗⃗ )
(𝑠𝑡)𝐴⃗ = 𝑠(𝑡𝐴⃗); 𝑠(𝐴⃗ + 𝐵
⃗⃗) = 𝑠𝐴⃗ + 𝑠𝐵
⃗⃗

𝑖⃗ × 𝑖⃗ = 𝑗⃗ × 𝑗⃗ = 𝑘⃗⃗ × 𝑘⃗⃗ = ⃗⃗
0
(𝑠 + 𝑡)𝐴⃗ = 𝑠𝐴⃗ + 𝑡𝐴⃗; 1 ⋅ 𝐴⃗ = 𝐴⃗

VECTORES UNITARIOS (COMPONENTES) 𝑖⃗ × 𝑗⃗ = 𝑘⃗⃗ ; 𝑗⃗ × 𝑘⃗⃗ = 𝑖⃗; 𝑘⃗⃗ × 𝑖⃗ = 𝑗⃗

𝑖⃗ = 〈1,0,0〉; 𝑗⃗ = 〈0,1,0〉; 𝑘⃗⃗ = 〈0,0,1〉 𝐴⃗ × 𝐴⃗ = 0

⃗⃗; 𝐴⃗ × 0
⃗⃗ = 0
⃗⃗; |𝐴⃗ × 𝐵
⃗⃗| = |𝐴⃗||𝐵
⃗⃗| sin 𝜃

𝐴⃗ = 〈𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 〉 = 𝑎1 𝑖⃗ + 𝑎2 𝑗⃗ + 𝑎3 𝑘⃗⃗ 𝐴⃗ × 𝐵
⃗⃗ = ⃗⃗
0 → (𝐴⃗ ∥ 𝐵
⃗⃗); |𝐴⃗ × 𝐵
⃗⃗| = |𝐴⃗||𝐵
⃗⃗| → (𝐴⃗ ⊥ 𝐵
⃗⃗)

COMPONENTE DE UN VECTOR |𝐴⃗ × 𝐵

⃗⃗| = 𝐴 (Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑜)

𝐴⃗ ⋅ 𝐵
⃗⃗ PRODUCTO TRIPLE
𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝐵⃗⃗ 𝐴⃗ =
|𝐵⃗⃗|
𝐴⃗ ⋅ (𝐵
⃗⃗ × 𝐶⃗) = [𝐴⃗𝐵
⃗⃗𝐶⃗]
PROYECCIÓN DE UN VECTOR
PROPIEDADES DEL TRIPLE PRODUCTO
𝐴⃗ ⋅ 𝐵
⃗⃗
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦𝐵⃗⃗ 𝐴⃗ = 2
⃗⃗
𝐵 𝐴⃗ ⋅ (𝐵
⃗⃗ × 𝐶⃗) = 𝐶⃗ ⋅ (𝐴⃗ × 𝐵 ⃗⃗ ⋅ (𝐶⃗ × 𝐴⃗)
⃗⃗) = 𝐵
⃗⃗|
|𝐵
𝑎1 𝑎2 𝑎3
⃗⃗
𝐵 𝐴⃗ ⋅ (𝐵
⃗⃗ × 𝐶⃗) = |𝑏1 𝑏2 𝑏3 |
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦𝐵⃗⃗ 𝐴⃗ = 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝐵⃗⃗ 𝐴⃗ 𝑐1 𝑐2 𝑐3
⃗⃗|
|𝐵
|𝐴⃗ ⋅ (𝐵
⃗⃗ × 𝐶⃗)| = 𝑉 (𝑉𝑜𝑙. 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑝í𝑝𝑒𝑑𝑜)
PRODUCTO ESCALAR DE VECTORES
𝐴⃗ ⋅ (𝐵
⃗⃗ × 𝐶⃗) = 0 (𝑉𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝐶𝑜𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠)
𝐴⃗ ⋅ 𝐵
⃗⃗ = 𝑎1 𝑏1 + 𝑎2 𝑏2 + 𝑎3 𝑏3
GEOMETRÍA ANALÍTICA DEL ESPACIO EL ELIPSOIDE

LA RECTA 𝑥 2 𝑦2 𝑧2
+ + =1
𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐 2
𝑃⃗⃗ = 〈𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧〉 ; ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃1 = 〈𝑥1 , 𝑦1 , 𝑧1 〉 ; 𝑢
⃗⃗ = 〈𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐〉
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 (𝑧 − 𝑗)2
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝐶 = (ℎ, 𝑘, 𝑗) → + + =1
𝑃2 = 〈𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , 𝑧2 〉 𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2

ECUACIÓN VECTORIAL: ECUACIÓN GENERAL

𝑃⃗⃗ = ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃1 + 𝑡𝑢
⃗⃗ 𝐴𝑥 2 + 𝐵𝑦 2 + 𝐶𝑧 2 + 𝐾 = 0

ECUACIÓN PARAMÉTRICA: HIPERBOLOIDE DE UNA HOJA

𝑥 = 𝑥1 + 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 2 𝑦2 𝑧2
∥ 𝑧: + − =1
𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐 2
𝑦 = 𝑦1 + 𝑏𝑡
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 (𝑧 − 𝑗)2
𝐶 = (ℎ, 𝑘, 𝑗) → + − =1
𝑧 = 𝑧1 + 𝑐𝑡 𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2

ECUACIÓN CARTESIANA: HIPERBOLOIDE DE DOS HOJAS

𝑥 − 𝑥1 𝑦 − 𝑦1 𝑧 − 𝑧1 𝑥 2 𝑦2 𝑧2
= = ∥ 𝑥: − − =1
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐 2
ECUACIÓN DE DOS PUNTOS: (𝑥 − ℎ)2 (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 (𝑧 − 𝑗)2
𝐶 = (ℎ, 𝑘, 𝑗) → − − =1
𝑥 − 𝑥1 𝑦 − 𝑦1 𝑧 − 𝑧1 𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2
= =
𝑥2 − 𝑥1 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 𝑧2 − 𝑧1 PARABOLOIDE ELÍPTICO
EL PLANO 𝑥 2 𝑦2
∥ 𝑧: + = 4𝑐𝑧
⃗⃗ = 〈𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶〉 ; 𝑃 = (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) ; 𝑃1 = (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 , 𝑧1 ) 𝑎2 𝑏2
𝑁
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 (𝑦 − 𝑘)2
ECUACIÓN VECTORIAL 𝐶 = (ℎ, 𝑘, 𝑗) → + = 4𝑐(𝑐 − 𝑗)
𝑎2 𝑏2
⃗⃗ ⋅ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑁 𝑃1 𝑃 = 0 PARABOLOIDE HIPERBÓLICO

ECUACIÓN PUNTO NORMAL 𝑥 2 𝑦2

∥ 𝑧: − = 4𝑐𝑧
𝑎2 𝑏2
𝐴(𝑥 − 𝑥1 ) + 𝐵(𝑦 − 𝑦1 ) + 𝐶(𝑧 − 𝑧1 )
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 (𝑦 − 𝑘)2
Distancia de un Punto al Plano 𝐶 = (ℎ, 𝑘, 𝑗) → − = 4𝑐(𝑐 − 𝑗)
𝑎2 𝑏2
⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑒 − ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
(𝑃 ⃗⃗
𝑃0 ) ⋅ 𝑁 EL CONO
𝑑=
⃗⃗ |
|𝑁
∥ 𝑧: 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 𝑐 2 𝑧 2 = 0
SUPERFICIES CUADRATICAS
𝐶 = (ℎ, 𝑘, 𝑗) → (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 − 𝑐 2 (𝑧 − 𝑗)2 = 0
LA ESFERA:
EL CILINDRO
𝐶 = (ℎ, 𝑘, 𝑗) 𝑃 = (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧)
No contiene una variable.
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 + (𝑧 − 𝑗)2 = 𝑅2
∥ 𝑧: 𝑓(𝑥,𝑦) = 0
𝐶 = (0,0,0) → 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 + 𝑧2 = 𝑅2
∥ 𝑥: 𝑓(𝑦,𝑧) = 0
ECUACIÓN GENERAL
∥ 𝑦: 𝑓(𝑥,𝑧) = 0
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 + 𝐺𝑥 + 𝐻𝑦 + 𝐼𝑧 + 𝐾 = 0
FÓRMULAS DE DERIVACIÓN 𝑑 1 𝑑(𝑣)
(arccot 𝑣) = − 2 ( )
𝑑𝑥 1+𝑣 𝑑𝑥
DERIVADAS DIRECTAS
𝑑 1 𝑑(𝑣)
𝑑(𝑦) Δ𝑦 𝑓(𝑥 + Δ𝑥) − 𝑓(𝑥) (arcsin 𝑣) = ( )
= lim ( ) = 𝑑𝑥 √1 − 𝑣 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 Δx→0 Δx Δ𝑥

𝑑(𝑐) 𝑑(𝑥) 𝑑 1 𝑑(𝑣)

=0 ; =1 (arccos 𝑣) = − ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 √1 − 𝑣 2 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑(𝑢) 𝑑(𝑣) 𝑑(𝑤) 𝑑 1 𝑑(𝑣)

(𝑢 + 𝑣 − 𝑤) = + − (arcsec 𝑣) = ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑣√𝑣 − 1 𝑑𝑥
2

𝑑 𝑑(𝑣) 𝑑 𝑛 𝑑(𝑣) 𝑑 1 𝑑(𝑣)

(𝑐𝑣) = 𝑐 ( ); (𝑣 ) = 𝑛𝑣 𝑛−1 ( ) (arccsc 𝑣) = − ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑣√𝑣 2 − 1 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑(𝑣) 𝑑(𝑢) DERIVADAS PARCIALES
(𝑢𝑣) = 𝑢 ( )+𝑣( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑧 = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)
𝑑(𝑢) 𝑑(𝑣)
𝑑 𝑢 𝑣( )−𝑢( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑧 𝑓(𝑥 + Δ𝑥, 𝑦) − 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)
( )= = lim
𝑑𝑥 𝑣 𝑣2 𝜕𝑥 Δx→0 Δ𝑥
𝑑 𝑛 1 𝑑(𝑣) 𝜕𝑧 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦 + Δ𝑦) − 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)
( √𝑣) = 𝑛 ( ) = lim
𝑑𝑥 𝑛 √𝑣 𝑛−1 𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑦 Δy→0 Δ𝑦

𝑑 1 𝑑(𝑣) 𝑑 𝑣 𝑑(𝑣)
(ln 𝑣) = ( ); (𝑒 ) = 𝑒 𝑣 ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑣 𝑑(𝑣) 𝑑 1 1 𝑑(𝑣)
(𝑎 ) = 𝑎𝑣 ln 𝑎 ( ); ( ) = − 2( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑣 𝑣 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑣 𝑑(𝑢) 𝑑(𝑣)
(𝑢 ) = 𝑣𝑢𝑣−1 ( ) + ln 𝑢 ⋅ 𝑢𝑣 ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑(𝑢)
𝑑 ( )
𝑑𝑥
(log a 𝑢) = log a 𝑒
𝑑𝑥 𝑢

𝑑 𝑑(𝑣)
(sin 𝑣) = cos 𝑣 ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑(𝑣)
(cos 𝑣) = − sin 𝑣 ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑(𝑣)
(tan 𝑣) = sec 2 𝑣 ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑(𝑣)
(cot 𝑣) = − csc 2 𝑣 ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑(𝑣)
(sec 𝑣) = sec 𝑣 tan 𝑣 ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑(𝑣)
(csc 𝑣) = − csc 𝑣 tan 𝑣 ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 1 𝑑(𝑣)
(arctan 𝑣) = ( )
𝑑𝑥 1 + 𝑣 2 𝑑𝑥